Nutrition and Lifestyle Interventions in Managing Dyslipidemia and Cardiometabolic Risk

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(5), P. 776 - 776

Published: Feb. 23, 2025

Dyslipidemia, characterized by abnormal blood lipid levels, is a major public health concern due to its association with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) and other cardiometabolic disorders. In this context, appropriate nutrition patterns are pivotal as they represent the basic approach for providing wide range of substantial advantages. The best evidence dyslipidemia management offered Mediterranean Diet, Plant-Based High-Fiber Diet Anti-inflammatory while DASH Ketogenic have also been shown target additional pathological features like hypertension comorbidities. bioactive compounds that enriched in these able manage include monounsaturated fatty acids such ω-3, polyphenols oleuropein, resveratrol, flavonoids, catechins, carotenoids, phytosterols soluble unsoluble fibers. Diets rich can improve profile mitigating oxidative stress, reducing low-grade chronic inflammation, modulating macronutrient absorption mechanisms, thereby supporting health. Additionally, lifestyle interventions regular physical activity, weight loss, reduced alcohol consumption smoking cessation further ameliorate metabolism circulated profile. Furthermore, emerging insights from nutrigenomics underscore potential proper diet address genetic factors optimize treatment outcomes. role context implications discussed review, emphasizing evidence-based personalized approaches.

Language: Английский

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Lower body mass index is associated with the achievement of target LDL in patients using PCSK9 inhibitors in Taiwan

European journal of medical research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 30(1)

Published: March 15, 2025

Abstract Objective Proprotein convertase subtilisin-kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors are a standard therapy for patients who respond poorly to or cannot tolerate statins. However, identifying responders PCSK9 remains unclear. This study investigates the characteristics of achieve target LDL-C reduction (< 70 mg/dl) after inhibitor therapy. Methods A multicenter, retrospective cohort included initiating at 11 teaching hospitals in Taiwan (2017–2021). Baseline characteristics, lipid-lowering therapies, and lipid profile changes were analyzed. Results Among 211 (mean age 57.2 ± 13.1 years, 72.0% male), 73.5% used alirocumab 26.5% evolocumab. More than half had coronary artery disease and/or hypertension. Of these, 120 achieved target. Target achievers lower baseline BMI (25.8 3.7 vs. 27.4 4.5 kg/m 2 , P = 0.028) higher incidence myocardial infarction anti-platelet use compared non-achievers. cholesterol levels similar, but experienced greater reductions (− 71.5; IQR − 81.8, 62.2 29.4; 38, 10.5 mg/dl, < 0.001), as well decreases triglycerides increases HDL-C. Glucose liver enzymes did not differ significantly. Logistic regression revealed only independent predictor achievement (odds ratio: 0.899, 95% CI 0.821–0.984, 0.021). Conclusions Lower was associated with likelihood achieving mg/dl 12 weeks These findings support personalized strategies optimizing management statin-intolerant while further investigations required. Graphical abstract

Language: Английский

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Association of atherogenic index of plasma trajectory with the incidence of cardiovascular disease over a 12-year follow-up: findings from the ELSA cohort study

Cardiovascular Diabetology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 24(1)

Published: March 19, 2025

Atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) at baseline has been associated with increased morbidity and mortality from cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, the relationship between long-term AIP trajectories CVD remains unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate associations incidence in English population. The data analysis was based on Longitudinal Study Aging (ELSA) 2004 2017. population consisted individuals aged 50 years older England. calculated as log10 (triglycerides/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol). Group-based trajectory model (GBTM) applied identify Wave 2 8 over a 12-year follow-up. Cox proportional hazard models were then used analyze different groups CVD. A total 3976 participants completed more than two measurements enrolled ELSA cohort. divided into three [low-stable group (n = 1146), moderate-stable 2110), high-stable 720)] using GBTM model. After adjusting for potential confounders, indicated an risk developing incident compared those low-stable [Hazard Ratio (HR) 1.33; 95% Confidence Interval (CI) 1.02-1.74, P 0.033]. no differences (HR 1.20, 95%CI 0.98-1.48, 0.082) observed group. Subgroup similar results under 63 old high alcohol consumption. sustainable level may contribute can help who deserve primitive preventive therapeutic approaches.

Language: Английский

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The association between non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (NHHR) and the risk of ischemic heart disease in type 2 diabetes mellitus participants: a large-scale cohort study from the UK Biobank

Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(1)

Published: March 24, 2025

The non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol to high-density ratio (NHHR) is a novel lipid indicator used for assessing the risk of cardiovascular diseases. This study was performed explore association between NHHR and ischemic heart disease (IHD) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. large-scale prospective cohort included 19,925 participants from UK Biobank. Cox proportional hazards regression models were assess IHD T2DM restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis conducted dose–response association. Subgroup several sensitivity analyses carried out examine robustness our findings. During follow-up (median 12.7 years), 3,600 developed IHD. significant highest quartile (quartile 4), whereas this not stable or 3. Four showed similar results. RCS did reveal nonlinear relationship (P nonlinearity = 0.9490). In subgroup analysis, drinking status found have joint effect with on incidence patients interaction 0.038). A high level associated patients, indicating great importance using management

Language: Английский

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PCSK9 Targeted Therapy to Lower Cholesterol and Reduce Cardiovascular Events

Published: March 19, 2025

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is an insidious threat that requires attention. Modifying risk factors can work toward preventing the current CVD epidemic. Elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) a well-established and modifiable factor for cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, peripheral vascular diseases. Despite receiving maximally tolerated doses of statin therapy, many Canadian patients with do not achieve LDL-c targets. Additional lipid-lowering therapies, such as ezetimibe or proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 inhibitors (PCSK9i), are warranted. This paper reviews mechanisms action clinical trial evidence contemporary including PCSK9 inhibitor monoclonal antibodies evolocumab alirocumab, small interfering RNA (siRNA) modulators inclisiran, to aid clinicians in maintaining best practices.

Language: Английский

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Apolipoprotein B and Glycemic Dysregulation: New Predictors of Type 2 Diabetes in High-Cardiovascular-Risk Populations

Journal of Personalized Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(5), P. 163 - 163

Published: April 23, 2025

Background: Apolipoprotein B (ApoB), a key component of atherogenic lipoproteins, has been increasingly implicated in cardiometabolic disorders beyond dyslipidemia. However, its role glycemic dysregulation remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the association between ApoB levels and parameters, including fasting glucose, insulin resistance, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), individuals without diagnosed diabetes. Methods: was conducted at National Research Cardiac Surgery Center (Kazakhstan) over period 2023 2024 as cross-sectional analysis. Adults aged ≥ 20 years diabetes with complete data on their markers were included. Associations plasma glucose (FPG), HbA1c, HOMA-IR assessed using multivariable linear logistic regression models adjusted for demographic, lifestyle, metabolic covariates. Results: Higher significantly associated increased (β = 2.07 mg/dL per 1-SD increase ApoB, p < 0.001), higher HbA1c 0.06%, elevated 0.54, 0.001). Participants highest quartile had 53% odds prediabetes (adjusted OR 1.53; 95% CI: 1.22–1.91; 0.001) compared lowest quartile. These associations remained significant after adjusting BMI, lipid levels, other confounders. Conclusions: Elevated is independently adverse profiles nondiabetic individuals, suggesting potential early metabolism disturbances.

Language: Английский

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The Challenges of Contemporary Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Management

Canadian Journal of Cardiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 40(8), P. S1 - S3

Published: Aug. 1, 2024

In the wake of COVID-19 pandemic, we must refocus our attention to another insidious threat: cardiovascular disease (CVD). The persistent and devastating effects CVD on population health is alarming underappreciated, it time for a Canadian coordinated response.1Ruel M. Tackling other pandemic: rise in diseases.Can J Cardiol. 2022; 38: 849-851Google Scholar A group 20 experts have come together develop this supplement with aim identifying care gaps systemic issues that undermine ability reduce risk effectively their patients atherosclerotic (ASCVD) explore potential solutions toward improved outcomes. mortality rate from major nearly halved between 2001 2021, decline can partially be credited introduction pharmacotherapies such as statins angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors.2Statistics CanadaTable 13-10-0392-01: Deaths Age-Specific Mortality Rates, by Selected Grouped Causes.https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=1310039201Date accessed: October 27, 2023Google However, downtrend has been predominantly observed geriatric population, specifically those aged 80 years older.2Statistics contrast, rates exhibit plateauing curve among younger cohorts, negligible declines documented within 35- 55-year-old demographic. Furthermore, data suggest pronounced burden attributed high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) patient (aged 20-64 years), compared older age groups. fact, LDL-C responsible 42.0% deaths 20- 64-year-old group, which 1.7-fold than 65 years.3The Conference Board CanadaData First Report: Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Canada. Canada, Ottawa2023Google This statistic suggests individuals are experiencing greater relative effect counterparts.4Khoury Bigras J.L. Cummings E.A. et al.The detection, evaluation, management dyslipidemia children adolescents: Society/Canadian Pediatric Cardiology Association clinical practice update.Can 1168-1179Google also carries disproportionate related body mass index, 1.9-fold increased Interestingly, disparity not factors systolic blood pressure or fasting glucose levels. point substantial these demographic, emphasizing need focused prevention strategies adults mitigate premature events death. Beyond ASCVD mortality, consider its economic effect. costs associated Canada multifaceted. total expenditure newly diagnosed approximately CAD$6.89 billion.3The first-year average cost $37,000. These figures, adjusted Consumer Price Index 2022 values, highlight financial managing conditions. Finally, imperative underscore confront disconcerting epidemiological trend: prevalence women 40-44 disproportionately high, manifesting at 2.3 times male counterparts.3The difference emphasizes targeted investigative therapeutic address unique challenges faced demographic.5Longpré-Poirier C. Dougoud J. Jacmin-Park S. al.Sex gender allostatic mechanisms disease.Can 1812-1827Google Society guidelines dyslipidemia, published serve valuable reference discrepancies recommendations actual practice.6Pearson G.J. Thanassoulis G. Anderson T.J. al.2021 adults.Can 2021; 37: 1129-1150Google Scholar,7Watts G.F. Gidding S.S. Hegele R.A. al.International Atherosclerosis guidance implementing best familial hypercholesterolaemia.Nat Rev 2023; 20: 845-869Google Indeed, realities lack public reimbursement recommended therapies, medication burden, knowledge represent barriers application guideline-directed medical therapy. focus clear: treatment intensification beyond statin therapy high-risk required decrease morbidity CVD. Yet, despite comprehensive use innovative multiple impediments, access inertia, prevent widespread adoption. impediments exacerbated recent publications that, an attempt simplify care, ultimately distort evidence will unintentionally increase care.8Kolber M.R. Klarenbach Cauchon al.PEER simplified lipid guideline 2023 update: primary care.Can Fam Physician. 69: 675-686Google reveal undeniable truth there clear pressing heightened awareness decisive action medicine colleagues, governmental authorities, policymakers, public. We dedicated response teams akin mobilized crises, advocacy groups successfully collaborated governments hasten policy formulation, approval, access. many not-for-profit organizations succeeded where failed, namely mobilizing government opinion support includes structured processes inclusive therapies shown effective safe basis high-quality evidence. To points contention, present begins overview "current state" ASCVD, starting first review epidemiology highlighting trends age-standardized ASCVD.9Lonn E. Brunham L.R. Mehta S.R. Dyslipidemia current state disease: epidemiology, factors, lowering.Can 2024; 40: S4-S12Google article provides further insights into disparities prevalence, effect, urging strategies. "What say about reduction: link lowering outcomes," authors evolving principles management, focusing role apolipoprotein B-containing lipoproteins.10Thanassoulis Welsh R.C. What outcomes.Can S13-S19Google contrasts global underscoring importance personalized assessment tailored interventions. "Traditional novel markers: target vs marker risk," third series, brings forefront reevaluating markers context risk.11Mancini Poirier P. Esau D. Traditional risk.Can S20-S25Google It emerging significance triglycerides lipoprotein(a), limitations traditional like LDL-C. "Medications control: newer drugs" highlights crucial dietary choices efficacy combining nonstatin medications prevention.12McPherson R. Sharma A. Adreak N. Medications drugs.Can S26-S34Google underlines lifestyle changes alongside pharmacological interventions reduction. "Care system delivering reduction lipid-lowering secondary prevention" examines practices implementation Canada.13Marquis-Gravel Brown V. Bhatia Goodman S.G. Care prevention.Can S35-S42Google educational enhanced physician education. Cheng al. propose transformative shift person-centred management.14Cheng Krauter Mullen K.A. Liu continuing scourge multidisciplinary approaches.Can S43-S52Google They emphasize strategies, integration technology enhance engagement adherence. Last, practical tool presented form 3 therapy—secondary checklists used specific (posthospitalization, months, 1 year).15Bell Giacomantonio Guideline-directed therapy; checklist.Can S53-S56Google Through collection articles tools (Fig. 1), coauthors intends elevate stature areas gathered appropriate close gaps. foster concerted approach justify deployment bearing mind pill phenotype, evidence, pharmacoeconomics. Critically, provide professionals resources advance management. silent crisis warrants immediate action. place agendas, mobilize resources, champion cause urgency commitment rightly deserves. Only then hope curb pervasive yet overshadowed pandemic. thank Jonathan Agnew, PhD, MBA providing writing EOCI Pharmacomm Ltd administrative support. Because references already sources, consent was necessary. Funding provided way grant through Novartis Pharmaceuticals Inc.

Language: Английский

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Computational Biology in the Discovery of Biomarkers in the Diagnosis, Treatment and Management of Cardiovascular Diseases

Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 8(5)

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of mortality worldwide, with a disproportionately high burden in low- and middle-income countries. Biomarkers play crucial role early detection, diagnosis, treatment cardiovascular by providing valuable insights into normal abnormal conditions heart vascular system. The biomarkers derived from cells tissues can be identified quantified blood other body fluids tissues. Changes their expression level under pathological condition provide clinical information on underlying pathophysiology that could have predictive, diagnostic, prognostic value disease process, therefore incorporated guidelines. This enhances effectiveness risk stratification therapeutic decisions personalized medicine improvement patient outcomes. protein, carbohydrate, or genome-based may also lipids nucleic acids. Computational biology has emerged as powerful discipline biomarker discovery, leveraging computational techniques to identify validate biological markers for prognosis, drug response prediction. convergence advanced technologies, such artificial intelligence, multi-omics profiling, liquid biopsies, imaging, led significant shift discovery development biomarkers, enabling integration data multiple scales more comprehensive understanding complex signaling transcriptional networks pathogenesis. In this article, we reviewed integrated genomics, proteomics, metabolomics, together machine learning predictive modeling diseases. We discussed specific including epigenetic, metabolic, emerging extracellular vesicles, miRNAs, circular RNAs,

Language: Английский

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Kidney function mediates the effects of four per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) on atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 288, P. 117395 - 117395

Published: Nov. 27, 2024

Language: Английский

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Tetramethylpyrazine attenuates the cancer stem cell like-properties and doxorubicin resistance by targeting HMGCR in breast cancer

Phytomedicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 136, P. 156344 - 156344

Published: Dec. 27, 2024

Language: Английский

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