Time Restricted Eating: A Valuable Alternative to Calorie Restriction for Addressing Obesity?

Current Obesity Reports, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: Feb. 3, 2025

Language: Английский

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The Human Energy Balance: Uncovering the Hidden Variables of Obesity

Diseases, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13(2), P. 55 - 55

Published: Feb. 13, 2025

Obesity has emerged as a global epidemic, creating an increased burden of weight-related diseases and straining healthcare systems worldwide. While the fundamental principle energy balance-caloric intake versus expenditure-remains central to weight regulation, real-world outcomes often deviate from simplistic predictions due multitude physiological environmental factors. Genetic predispositions, variations in basal metabolic rates, adaptive thermogenesis, physical activity, nutrient losses via fecal urinary excretion contribute interindividual differences homeostasis. Additionally, factors such meal timing, macronutrient composition, gut microbiota dynamics, diet-induced thermogenesis (DIT) further modulate utilization efficiency. This Perspective explores key determinants balance, while also highlighting clinical significance thrifty spendthrifty phenotypes. Key strategies for individualized management include precision calorimetry, circadian-aligned use protein- whole food diets enhance DIT, increases non-exercise well mild cold exposure thermogenic agents (e.g., capsaicin-like compounds) stimulate brown adipose tissue activity. A comprehensive, personalized approach obesity that moves beyond restrictive caloric models is essential achieving sustainable control improving long-term health. Integrating these multifactorial insights into practice will treatment strategies, fostering more effective enduring interventions.

Language: Английский

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Independent effects of the human circadian system and sleep/eating cycles on caloric intake in adolescents vary by weight status

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 122(8)

Published: Feb. 18, 2025

Late-day eating is linked to increased obesity risk; however, whether the endogenous circadian system independently influences caloric intake and if this control differs among individuals based on weight status unknown. Here, we investigated in adolescents independent roles of behavioral sleep/wake cycle (sleep/wake, fasting/eating, rest/activity, dark/dim light, social interaction, posture, etc.) self-selected using a Forced Desynchrony protocol. Fifty-one male female across three categories (24 with healthy weight, 13 overweight, 14 obesity) completed protocol where participants lived seven 28-h cycles dim light during wake complete darkness sleep. Results suggest that each affected intake, decrease episode an increase from morning evening intake. The rhythm showed peak-to-trough difference 196 [CI 95% 164, 226] kcal per meal peak timing 296° [288°, 304°; equivalent ~17:30 these participants]. In those overweight/obesity, more calories were consumed later waking cycle, blunted amplitudes compared weight. implicate both shaping daily food Furthermore, results help explain drive for toward evening, especially at risk obesity.

Language: Английский

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Effects of Time-Restricted Feeding and Ramadan Fasting on Body Weight, Body Composition, Glucose Responses, and Insulin Resistance: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 14(22), P. 4778 - 4778

Published: Nov. 11, 2022

Time-restricted feeding (TRF) and Ramadan fasting (RF) have been recently associated with several health outcomes. However, it is not yet clear if they are superior to existing treatments in terms of glucose metabolism, insulin action, weight loss. This review aims summarize the current data on effects these regimes body weight, composition, glycemia. An electronic search was conducted PUBMED SCOPUS databases up August 2022. Twenty-four records met inclusion criteria underwent a risk-of-bias assessment. The main outcomes were: (a) TRF may result moderate loss individuals overweight/obesity; when combined caloric restriction, >5% initial (b) 14 h be as effective 16 loss, (c) lead improved sensitivity glycemic responses/variability throughout day overweight/obesity. Concerning RF, only two studies were available thus, conclusions drawn. an nutritional approach for amelioration control more long-term, well-designed needed.

Language: Английский

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Reciprocal Interactions between Circadian Clocks, Food Intake, and Energy Metabolism

Biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(4), P. 539 - 539

Published: March 31, 2023

Like other biological functions, food intake and energy metabolism display daily rhythms controlled by the circadian timing system that comprises a main clock numerous secondary clocks in brain peripheral tissues. Each delivers local temporal cues based on intracellular transcriptional translational feedback loops are tightly interconnected to nutrient-sensing pathways. Genetic impairment of molecular alteration rhythmic synchronizing cues, such as ambient light at night or mistimed meals, lead disruption that, turn, negatively impacts metabolic health. Not all sensitive same signals. The master suprachiasmatic nuclei hypothalamus is mostly synchronized and, lesser extent, behavioral coupled arousal exercise. Secondary generally phase-shifted timed associated with feeding, exercise, changes temperature. Furthermore, both modulated calorie restriction high-fat feeding. Taking into account regularity duration eating periods, chronotype, sex, chrononutritional strategies may be useful for improving robustness rhythmicity maintaining even restoring appropriate balance.

Language: Английский

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Lifestyle mediators of associations among siestas, obesity, and metabolic health

Obesity, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 31(5), P. 1227 - 1239

Published: April 26, 2023

Abstract Objective The aim of this study was to determine the association between siestas/no siestas and obesity, considering siesta duration (long: >30 minutes, short: ≤30 minutes), test whether traits and/or lifestyle factors mediate with obesity metabolic syndrome (MetS). Methods This a cross‐sectional 3275 adults from Mediterranean population (the Obesity, Nutrigenetics, TIming, MEditerranean [ONTIME] study) who had opportunity taking because it is culturally embedded. Results Thirty‐five percent participants usually took (16% long siestas). Compared no‐siesta group, were associated higher values BMI, waist circumference, fasting glucose, systolic blood pressure, diastolic as well prevalence MetS (41%; p = 0.015). In contrast, probability having elevated SBP lower in short‐siesta group (21%; 0.044) than group. Smoking number cigarettes per day mediated BMI (by 12%, percentage by smoking; < 0.05). Similarly, delays nighttime sleep eating schedules energy intake at lunch meal preceding siestas) 8%, 4%, 5% (all Napping bed (vs. sofa/armchair) showed trend 6%; 0.055). Conclusions Siesta relevant obesity/MetS. Timing eating, lunch, cigarette smoking, location association.

Language: Английский

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Does early time-restricted eating reduce body weight and preserve fat-free mass in adults? A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome Clinical Research & Reviews, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 18(2), P. 102952 - 102952

Published: Feb. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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Gut hormones and appetite regulation

Current Opinion in Endocrinology Diabetes and Obesity, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 31(3), P. 115 - 121

Published: March 21, 2024

Various gut hormones interact with the brain through delicate communication, thereby influencing appetite and subsequent changes in body weight. This review summarizes effects of on appetite, a focus recent research.

Language: Английский

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Eating Around the Clock: Circadian Rhythms of Eating and Metabolism

Annual Review of Nutrition, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 44(1), P. 25 - 50

Published: June 7, 2024

The time of day that we eat is increasingly recognized as contributing importantly to overall health the amount or quality food eat. endogenous circadian clock has evolved promote intake at optimal times when an organism intended be awake and active, but electric lights abundant allow eating around with deleterious outcomes. In this review, highlight literature pertaining effects timing on health, beginning animal models then translation into human experiments. We emphasize pitfalls opportunities technological advances bring in bettering understanding behaviors their association disease. There great promise for restricting both clinical interventions public campaigns improving via nonpharmacological therapies.

Language: Английский

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Protein Kinases in Obesity, and the Kinase-Targeted Therapy

Advances in experimental medicine and biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 199 - 229

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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