Interplay between the brain and adipose tissue: a metabolic conversation

EMBO Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Nov. 18, 2024

Language: Английский

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Precision nutrition for cardiometabolic diseases

Nature Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 30, 2025

Language: Английский

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Molecular and functional mapping of the neuroendocrine hypothalamus: a new era begins

Journal of Endocrinological Investigation, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: June 15, 2024

Language: Английский

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An atlas of early human mandibular endochondral and osteogenic paracrine signaling regions of Meckel’s cartilage

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 122(12)

Published: March 17, 2025

The mandible, also known as the lower jaw, is only bone in skull that can move and essential for speaking chewing. Meckel’s cartilage (MC) a temporary structure supports formation of but how MC involved ossification mandible poorly understood. Through use single-cell RNA sequencing spatial transcriptomics analyses, spatiotemporal atlas human fetuses from 7 to 15 wk postconception was established, highlighting role mandible. Importantly, we revealed two populations contributed mandibular through different mechanisms. anterior differentiate into osteolineage cells, shown an vivo lineage tracing mouse model. intermediate facilitates intramembranous cell–cell communications, possibly signaling ligands like BMP5 , BMP7 SEMA3A PDGFC FGF7 . This study suggests plays crucial mediating distinct mechanisms, providing valuable insights understanding oral craniofacial diseases disorders future.

Language: Английский

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The NLRP3 inhibitor NT‐0796 enhances and sustains GLP‐1R agonist‐mediated weight loss in a murine diet‐induced obesity model

Obesity, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 30, 2025

Abstract Objective In order to investigate whether a central nervous system penetrant anti‐inflammatory could augment or sustain obesity treatment with semaglutide (Wegovy), glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor (GLP‐1R) agonist, we tested two hypotheses in models of diet‐induced (DIO): 1) centrally NLPR3 inhibitor, NT‐0796, drives enhanced weight loss when combined low‐dose semaglutide, compared monotherapy; and 2) NT‐0796 monotherapy sustains induced by semaglutide. Methods Mice fed standard high‐fat polyunsaturated fatty acid diet served as DIO were dosed combinations. Body weight, food intake, peripheral inflammatory markers, hypothalamic glial fibrillary acidic protein expression assessed. Results Combined dosing drove greater than either alone, this effect was mice consuming the diet. addition, sharply limited regain following cessation therapy normalized markers both inflammation astrogliosis far extent calorie restriction. Conclusions Alleviation obesity‐associated via NLRP3 inhibition constitutes an effective weight‐loss strategy DIO, augments efficacy subtherapeutic dose 3) blocks recovery lost image

Language: Английский

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Influence of the Neurotensin Signaling System on Feeding and Satiety

Neuropharmacology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 110496 - 110496

Published: May 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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The foam cell-derived exosomes exacerbate ischemic white matter injury via transmitting metabolic defects to microglia

Cell Metabolism, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Genomic evolution reshapes cell type diversification in the amniote brain

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: June 27, 2024

Summary Over 320 million years of evolution, amniotes have developed complex brains and cognition through largely unexplored genetic gene expression mechanisms. We created a comprehensive single-cell atlas over 1.3 cells from the telencephalon cerebellum turtles, zebra finches, pigeons, mice, macaques, employing resolution spatial transcriptomics to validate patterns across species. Our study revealed significant species-specific variations in cell types, highlighting their conservation diversification evolution. found pronounced differences excitatory neurons (EX) cerebellar types between birds mammals. Birds predominantly express SLC17A6 EX, whereas mammals expressed SLC17A7 neocortex elsewhere, possibly due loss function birds. Additionally, we identified novel bird-specific Purkinje subtype (SVIL+), implicating LSD11/KDM1A pathway learning circadian rhythms, related numerous positively selected genes birds, suggesting an evolutionary optimization functions for ecological behavioral adaptation. findings elucidate interplay evolution environmental adaptation, underscoring role development specialized amniotes.

Language: Английский

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Enhanced purinergic signaling in the paraventricular hypothalamus induces hyperphagic obesity and insulin resistance

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: July 3, 2024

Abstract Body energy homeostasis is tightly regulated by hypothalamic neural circuits. However, their remodeling upon metabolic stress remains incompletely characterized, translating to unprecedented challenges develop safe medications against the surge of diseases. Oxytocin (OXT) neurons in paraventricular nucleus hypothalamus (PVH) are one key appetite-suppressing effectors within melanocortin system. In this work, we report that mice evokes spatiotemporally selective ATP release (Inflares) from PVH astrocytes, accompanied with expression hematopoietic lineage-specific ADP/ATP receptor P2Y 12 on OXT (PVH ) neurons. Importantly, “ectopic” emergence patients diabetes mellitus suggests an evolutionary conserved purinergic response stress. Strikingly, increased signaling leads impaired responsiveness hyperphagic obesity and insulin resistance mice. Moreover, nasal administration clinically approved doses inhibitors counteracts diet-induced spontaneous weight gain monkeys, paving way for application these compounds disorders.

Language: Английский

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Changes in hypothalamic subunits volume and their association with metabolic parameters and gastrointestinal appetite-regulating hormones following bariatric surgery

medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Aug. 31, 2024

Abstract Background Some nuclei of the hypothalamus are known for their important roles in maintaining energy homeostasis and regulating food intake. Moreover, obesity has been associated with hypothalamic inflammation morphological alterations, as indicated by increased volume. However, reversibility these changes after bariatric surgery-induced weight loss remains underexplored. Objective The aim this study was to characterize volume subunits up two years following surgery determine whether differences were metabolic parameters levels gastrointestinal appetite-regulating hormone levels. Methods Participants severe undergoing recruited. They completed high-resolution T1-weighted brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) before at 4, 12 24 months post-surgery. Blood samples collected during fasting postprandial states analyzed glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), YY (PYY), ghrelin concentrations. segmented into 5 per hemisphere using a publicly available automated tool. Linear mixed-effects models employed examine between visits associations variables interest. Results A total 73 participants (mean age 44.5 ± 9.1 years, mean BMI 43.5 4.1 kg/m 2 ) included baseline. Significant reductions observed whole left More specifically, decreases noted both anterior-superior posterior post-surgery (all p<0.05, FDR correction). These significantly percentage (both p<0.001), improvements systolic blood pressure p<0.05), an increase PYY p<0.05). Conclusion results suggest that some alterations context could potentially be reversed induced-weight loss.

Language: Английский

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