Life stage hypothesis modeling determines insect vulnerability during developmental life stages to climate extremes

Ecosphere, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Abstract Butterflies are important bioindicators that can be used to monitor the effects of climate change, particularly in montane environments. Changes butterfly population size over time, reflective indicator life stages, signal changes have occurred or occurring their environment indicating ecosystem health. From perspective understanding butterflies as these systems, it is essential identify influential environmental variables at each stage greatest effect on dynamics. Life hypothesis modeling was assess multiple temperature and precipitation metrics growth rate a Parnassius clodius from 2009 2018. Extreme maximum temperatures during larval‐pupal stages were identified significant negative rate. We speculate higher spring ephemeral host plant's flowering, P. ' larval stage, may lead earlier plant senescence lower growth. Because well studied global perspective, results aid potential other insect species environments climatic changes. Findings this study demonstrate value assessing species' response short‐term weather variation long‐term order protect conserve insects interactions with organisms.

Language: Английский

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Life history and behavioural observations during the rearing of Dira clytus clytus (Linnaeus, 1764) (Insecta, Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae), with notes on implications for climate change adaptation

African Invertebrates, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 66(1), P. 65 - 72

Published: Jan. 27, 2025

Lepidoptera are known to alter their behaviour and phenology in response climatic conditions. Understanding these responses is important for the conservation of species, especially those that not widely distributed. Individuals Dira clytus , a South African endemic butterfly with distribution southern parts country, were reared captivity from egg phase adult phase, observe various life stages. Life history stages concurred previous observations made on this subspecies, but additional photographs presented phases. There clearly two pupal, thus emergence, phases spring early summer. Four batches eggs resulted adults, larvae also although none them survived pupation phase. The timing pupal was compared variables (temperature rainfall) it found followed soon after cold temperature. This indicative D. c. can change its voltinism conditions, which may allow plasticity responding climate change. However, more research required understand how would impact species.

Language: Английский

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Insect size responses to climate change vary across elevations according to seasonal timing

PLoS Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 23(1), P. e3002805 - e3002805

Published: Jan. 30, 2025

Body size declines are a common response to warming via both plasticity and evolution, but variable responses have been observed for terrestrial ectotherms. We investigate how temperature-dependent development growth rates in ectothermic organisms induce variation responses. Leveraging long-term data six montane grasshopper species spanning 1,768-3 901 m, we detect shifts since ~1960 that depend on elevation species' seasonal timing. Size concentrated at low elevations, with the early emerging (those overwinter as juveniles) increasing size, while later season becoming smaller. Interannual temperature accounts shifts. The earliest may be able take advantage of warmer conditions accelerating during spring development, whereas warm temperatures adversely impact mechanisms such increased energy use or thermal stress. Grasshoppers tend capitalize by getting bigger reaching adulthood earlier. Our analysis further reinforces need move beyond expectations universal climate change consider environmental exposure sensitivity vary across elevations life histories.

Language: Английский

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Impact of Different Temperatures on Activity of the Pest Monolepta hieroglyphica Motschulsky (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)

Insects, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16(2), P. 222 - 222

Published: Feb. 18, 2025

Monolepta hieroglyphica (Motschulsky) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) is widely distributed in China and polyphorous, being a major pest to cash crops, such as corn, cotton, millet. Given the increasing severity of greenhouse effect recent years, we aimed investigate adaptability M. adults varying temperatures. In this study, assessed survival, longevity, fecundity, feeding capacity, antioxidant capacity leaf beetle under laboratory conditions at 25-34 °C. Elevated temperatures (i.e., 31 34 °C) had (negative) impacts on adults' survival reproduction. Similarly, temperature negatively affected adults, with impact becoming more pronounced increased. Under same treatment time, SOD CAT activity levels increased increase temperature. The GST showed decreasing trend. POD biphasic response temperatures, first then increasing. above indicates that different enzymes have sensitivity high laboratory, our work analyzes from ecological physiological research perspectives provides strategies for strengthening its subsequent integrated management (IPM) global warming or extreme weather events.

Language: Английский

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Extreme weather events have strong but different impacts on plant and insect phenology

Nature Climate Change, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 21, 2025

Language: Английский

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Potential for bird–insect phenological mismatch in a tri‐trophic system

Journal of Animal Ecology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 24, 2025

Climate change is altering the seasonal timing of biological events across tree life. Phenological asynchrony has potential to hasten population declines and disrupt ecosystem function. However, we lack broad comparisons degree sensitivity common phenological cues multiple trophic levels. Overcoming complexity integrating data levels essential for identifying spatial locations species which mismatches are most likely occur. Here, synthesized over 15 years three estimate four interacting in eastern North America: green-up forest canopy trees, emergence adult Lepidoptera arrival subsequent breeding migratory birds. We next quantified magnitude shift per one unit springtime temperature accumulation as measured by accumulated growing days (GDD). expected responses spring be related physiology, thus predicting a weaker response birds GDD than that insects plants. found insect plant phenology indeed had similarly strong GDD, while bird lower sensitivity. also vegetation were more sensitive higher latitudes, but was less latitudes. Migratory with slow migration pace, early arrivals northerly wintering grounds shifted their most. Across Eastern Temperate Forests, similar shifts support use remotely sensed track how food resources shifting climate change. Our results indicate that, our plant-insect-bird system, bird-insect link greater mismatch insect-plant link, risk decoupling at

Language: Английский

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Climate Warming Increases the Voltinism of Pine Caterpillar (Dendrolimus spectabilis Butler): Model Predictions Across Elevations and Latitudes in Shandong Province, China

Insects, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16(3), P. 249 - 249

Published: Feb. 28, 2025

The pine caterpillar (Dendrolimus spectabilis Bulter, Lepidoptera: Lasiocampidae) is a destructive insect threatening forest communities across Eurasia. pest polyvoltine, and under global warming, more favorable temperatures can lead to additional generations. Here, we simulated the voltinism current future climatic scenarios based on thermal physiology cumulative growing degree day (CGDD) model. Subsequently, revealed change patterns of along elevational latitudinal gradients. results showed that both CGDD are increasing. ranges from 1.26 1.56 generations (1.40 ± 0.07), with an increasing trend 0.04/10a. Similar trends expected continue climate scenarios, values 0.01/10a, 0.05/10a, 0.07/10a, 0.09/10a for SSP1-2.6, SSP2-4.5, SSP3-7.0, SSP5-8.5 respectively. At elevation gradients, increases all ranges, peaking at 500–1000 m latitudes 34–34.5° N. This study highlights increase in not limited low-elevation -latitude regions but predicted various elevations latitudes. These findings enhance our understanding how affects contribute management strategies, although this assumes linear relationship between temperature voltinism, without considering other ecological factors.

Language: Английский

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Temperature‐Dependent Development Model for Male and Female Pupae of Chilo partellus (Swinhoe)

Acta Zoologica, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 25, 2025

ABSTRACT Temperature‐dependent development of male and female pupae Chilo partellus was evaluated at seven constant temperatures ranging from 5°C to 35°C. Development C. completely arrested The duration the pupal developmental period short rate faster in both with an increase temperature 10°C 30°C. Percent emergence adults also increased 25°C, declined thereafter Several phenological parameters were assessed by fitting data two linear non‐linear models. Ikemoto Takai model accurately computed lower thermal thresholds as 10.20°C 10.38°C, constants 328.2° 395.28°‐days for pupae, respectively. Lactin‐2 considered best, it estimated ( T min , max opt ) similar those observed values. Analytis accurate estimations but failed compute correct . In a nutshell, are useful effective models describing temperature‐dependent estimating

Language: Английский

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Environmental and geographical factors influence the occurrence and abundance of the southern house mosquito, Culex quinquefasciatus, in Hawai‘i

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: Jan. 5, 2024

Abstract Hawaiian honeycreepers, a group of endemic forest birds, are being threatened by avian malaria, non-native disease that is driving honeycreepers populations to extinction. Avian malaria caused the parasite Plasmodium relictum , which transmitted invasive mosquito Culex quinquefasciatus . Environmental and geographical factors play an important role in shaping mosquito-borne transmission dynamics through their influence on distribution abundance mosquitoes. We assessed effects environmental (temperature, precipitation), geographic (site, elevation, distance anthropogenic features), trap type (CDC light trap, CDC gravid trap) occurrence abundance. Occurrence was analyzed using classification regression tree models (CART) generalized linear (GLM); (count data) mixed (GLMMs). Models predicted highest at mid-elevation sites between July November. increased with temperature precipitation up 580 mm. For abundance, best model zero-inflated negative-binomial indicated higher mosquitoes peak August October. Estimation as well understanding them key for control, may reduce risk bird

Language: Английский

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Hotspot mapping of pest introductions in the EU: A regional analysis of environmental, anthropogenic and spatial effects

Biological Invasions, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 27(1)

Published: Dec. 3, 2024

Plant pests may pose a significant threat to global agriculture, natural ecosystems and biodiversity, causing severe ecological economic damage. Identifying regions more susceptible pest introductions is crucial for developing effective prevention, early detection outbreak response strategies. While historical data on in the European Union (EU) exist, they are typically reported at regional level. This broad aggregation has posed challenge accurate analysis plant health research. study addresses this gap by leveraging existing identify hotspots of within EU UK, through Bayesian hierarchical spatial model. Specifically, we employed Besag, York, Mollié (BYM) model higher risk (NUTS2) incorporating covariates effects consider information from neighbouring areas. The results showed positive effect annual average temperature, precipitation, human population density introduction, highlighting relevance component. Our pinpoints high-risk southern Europe, particularly northern Italy. Additionally, high documented Netherlands contributed its elevated risk. limitations exist due nature data, represents methodological advancement, demonstrating effectiveness models offering robust framework future studies using data. It also provides insights that can inform targeted preparedness strategies, ultimately contributing safeguarding biodiversity UK.

Language: Английский

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