Melanaphis sacchari/sorghi complex: current status, challenges and integrated strategies for managing the invasive sap‐feeding insect pest of sorghum

Pest Management Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: July 13, 2024

Abstract Melanaphis sacchari (Zehntner;Hemiptera: Aphididae), sugarcane aphid (SCA), is an invasive phloem‐feeder found worldwide with a wide host range of economically important plants including sorghum and sugarcane. Given its high reproductive capacity ability to rapidly spread over long distances, SCA presents challenges for effective control, leading substantial economic losses. Recent studies have identified two multiloci genotypes specialized in feeding on (MLL‐D) (MLL‐F) the USA, which raises concerns as USA second largest sorghum‐producing country. This has encouraged research towards identifying these biotypes where some stated them species; MLL‐D clade be M. MLL‐F sorghi Theobald (Hemiptera: (SA). review aims at compiling progress that been made understanding SCA/SA species complex. Furthermore, this also highlights management strategies against includes both biological chemical methods. In addition, emphasizes examining plant resistance understand evaluate role R ‐genes phytohormones such jasmonic acid, salicylic acid ethylene SCA. Beside this, volatiles other secondary metabolites flavonoids, terpenes phytanes are explored potential control agents. Being pest, single tactic inadequate population hence, integrated pest practices incorporating physical, cultural methods should implemented exclusive last resort, examines detail. © 2024 The Author(s). Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd behalf Society Chemical Industry.

Language: Английский

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Invasive sorghum aphid: A decade of research on deciphering plant resistance mechanisms and novel approaches in breeding for sorghum resistance to aphids

Crop Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: July 9, 2024

Abstract During the last decade, sorghum aphid ( Melanaphis sorghi ), previously identified as sugarcane sacchari became a serious pest of sorghum, spreading to all sorghum‐producing regions in United States, Mexico, and South America, where crop losses 50%–100% have been reported. Developing cultivars with resistance this insect is most sustainable strategy for long‐term management. To design resistance, comprehensively understanding mechanisms underlying survival, host plant aphid–sorghum interactions critical. In review, we summarize comprehensive efforts characterize populations well their interaction plants via hormonal pathways that trigger various genes including leucine rich repeats, WRKY transcription factors, lipoxygenases, calmodulins, others. We discuss made during decade identify specific genomic candidate confer describe recent successes potential challenges breeding resistance. Furthermore, use disruptive technologies like high‐throughput phenotyping, artificial intelligence, or machine learning developing resistant cultivars. Integration these new has accelerate development novel traits durable defend against genotype development.

Language: Английский

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Design of Novel Furan β-Butenolide Compounds with Low Bee Toxicity Based on the Binding Pharmacophore Model to AChBP

Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 9, 2025

Developing novel-structured nAChR modulators is urgent due to the high bee toxicity of current neonicotinoids. In this work, a pharmacophore model an modulator was generated, and series novel furan β-butenolide compounds were designed synthesized. The bioassay study demonstrated that insecticidal activity compound 8c best (LC50 = 54.68 μg/mL) against Myzus persicae, possibly its binding mode being more similar flupyradifurone, as well interactions with specific key residues (ARG55, TRP143, TYR89) within Ls-AChBP. Notably, also exhibited low acute contact Apis mellifera. An innovative mutated AChBP simulating generated first in silico, attributed decrease energy bee-like AChBP. This presents approach design verify low-bee-toxicity candidates.

Language: Английский

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Plant-aphid interactions: recent trends in plant resistance to aphids

Stress Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 5(1)

Published: April 29, 2025

Abstract Aphids are highly destructive agricultural pests characterized by complex life cycles and phenotypic variability, facilitating their adaptation to diverse climates host plants. Their feeding behavior leads plant deformation, wilting, stunted growth, disease transmission, significant yield losses. Given the economic risks aphids pose, regular updates on seasonal behaviors, adaptive mechanisms, activities critical for improving management strategies mitigate crop This review comprehensively synthesizes recent studies as pests, extrinsic factors influencing cycles, intricate interactions between hosts. It also highlights advancements in biological control measures, including natural enemies, antibiosis, antixenosis. Additionally, we explore defense mechanisms against aphids, focusing roles of cell wall components such lignin, pectin callose deposition genetic regulations underlying these defenses. Aphids, however, can evolve specialized overcome general defenses, prompting development targeted plants, use resistance (R) genes specific aphid species. pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) recognize compounds saliva, which triggers enhanced phloem sealing more focused immune responses. work enhances understanding aphid–plant interaction identifies key research gaps future studies.

Language: Английский

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Disruption of the sorghum circadian clock impacts sorghum-sugarcane aphid interaction dynamics and aphid feeding behavior

Plant Stress, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11, P. 100407 - 100407

Published: Feb. 15, 2024

Circadian clocks play a pivotal role in orchestrating metabolic rhythms response to environmental stress. Sorghum bicolor (sorghum), multipurpose cereal crop, suffers severe growth and yield reduction due feeding by sugarcane aphids (SCA; Melanaphis sacchari), which are phloem-feeding pests. Previously, it has been shown that sorghum utilizes multitude of defense mechanisms curb SCA colonization. However, our understanding the impact circadian clock on sorghum-aphid interaction dynamics is limited. To explore this, time-series transcriptomics was conducted plants disrupted rhythm with without infestation. Transcriptomic analysis revealed total 2,873 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) weighted gene co-expression network (WGCNA) identified four modules distinct expression patterns unique night-time. Further, 946 were among those, 328 SCA-uninfested control groups belonged responses insects wounding. The upregulated during night-time after infestation related MYB transcription factors, primary metabolism, transporters, suggesting modulates host defenses Aphid modulation alignment electrical monitoring behavior analysis, spent significantly more time salivation phase feeding. Our study provides novel insights into identifies

Language: Английский

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Impaired Brown midrib12 function orchestrates sorghum resistance to aphids via an auxin conjugate indole‐3‐acetic acid–aspartic acid

New Phytologist, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Sept. 4, 2024

Lignin, a complex heterogenous polymer present in virtually all plant cell walls, plays critical role protecting plants from various stresses. However, little is known about how lignin modifications sorghum will impact defense against sugarcane aphids (SCA), key pest of sorghum. We utilized the brown midrib (bmr) mutants, which are impaired monolignol synthesis, to understand mechanisms SCA. found that loss Bmr12 function and overexpression (OE) provided enhanced resistance susceptibility SCA, respectively, as compared with wild-type (WT; RTx430) plants. Monitoring aphid feeding behavior indicated SCA spent more time reaching first sieve element phase on bmr12 RTx430 Bmr12-OE A combination transcriptomic metabolomic analyses revealed displayed altered auxin metabolism upon infestation specifically, elevated levels conjugate indole-3-acetic acid-aspartic acid (IAA-Asp) were observed Furthermore, exogenous application IAA-Asp restored plants, artificial diet trial bioassays associated Our findings highlight molecular underpinnings contribute bmr12-mediated

Language: Английский

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Sorghum defense responses to sequential attack by insect herbivores of different feeding guilds

Planta, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 258(2)

Published: June 30, 2023

Language: Английский

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Influence of Microbes in Mediating Sorghum Resistance to Sugarcane Aphids

Diversity, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(2), P. 85 - 85

Published: Jan. 27, 2024

Gut microbiomes profoundly influence insect health and mediate interactions between plant hosts their environments. Insects, including aphids, harbour diverse obligate symbionts that synthesize essential nutrients facultative enhance host fitness in specific ecological contexts. Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) is a significant cereal crop cultivated worldwide has been negatively affected by the presence of an invasive piercing-sucking pest, sugarcane aphid (SCA; Melanaphis sacchari). We previously identified SC265 SC1345 as resistant susceptible sorghum lines, respectively, among founder nested association mapping (NAM) population. Here, using these we explored variations SCA gut microbiome when they feed on two different lines with varied resistance levels. Analyses after excluding endosymbiont Buchnera aphidicola from dataset showed difference microbial diversity composition 7- 14 days post infestation. Our results indicate fed had Pseudomonadaceae Rhizobiaceae, most abundant bacterial families. Differences community were underscored alpha metrics beta compositional analyses. These findings contribute to our understanding intricate interplay microbiomes, shedding light potential avenues bolster SCA.

Language: Английский

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Preparation and Application of Volatilized Wormwood Essence Derived Naturally into Green Insecticide

Molecules, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 29(12), P. 2877 - 2877

Published: June 17, 2024

Naturally occurring substances and their derivatives function as vital resources for pesticides that can be used in fields, such insecticide production fungicide development. As a botanical entity displaying multifaceted biological functions, wormwood has received thorough scrutiny across multiple sectors. The insect repellency potency combined with antibacterial antifungal activities of position it potential candidate prospective development into eco-friendly chemical pesticides. In this research, Wormwood essential oil was procured via ethanol water under ultrasonic scenarios subsequently diluted PEG 400 to formulate green defensive efficacy pesticide on plants validated through 2 weeks clustered plant growth experiments. Active constituents exerted effects were scrutinized by GC-MS. Furthermore, also displays efficacious the prevention management aphids, exhibiting dose-dependent relationship. 4-terpenol, eucalyptol, carvacrol, L-borneol identified GC-MS predominant active pesticide. leveraged develop pesticides, which protect without contaminating environment.

Language: Английский

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Molecular Interactions Between Plants and Aphids: Recent Advances and Future Perspectives

Insects, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(12), P. 935 - 935

Published: Nov. 28, 2024

Aphids are small, notorious insect pests that negatively impact plant health and agricultural productivity through direct damage, such as sap-sucking, indirectly vectors of viruses. Plants respond to aphid feeding with a variety molecular mechanisms mitigate damage. These responses diverse highly dynamic, functioning either independently or in combination. Understanding plant–aphid interactions is crucial for revealing the full range defenses against aphids. When aphids infest, plants detect damage via specific receptor proteins, initiating signaling cascade activates defense mechanisms. include complex interaction phytohormones trigger pathways, secondary metabolites deter reproduction, lectins protease inhibitors disrupt physiology, elicitors activate further responses. Meanwhile, counteract salivary effectors proteins suppress defenses, aiding their successful colonization. This review offers detailed overview involved interactions, emphasizing both established emerging strategies. Its uniqueness lies synthesizing recent progress made aphids, along aphids’ countermeasures evade defenses. By consolidating current knowledge, this provides key insights developing sustainable strategies achieve crop protection minimize dependence on chemical pesticides.

Language: Английский

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