Pyriproxyfen exposure compromises cocoon spinning and damages the Malpighian tubules of the nontarget predator Ceraeochrysa claveri (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae)

Environmental Pollution, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 363, P. 125255 - 125255

Published: Nov. 5, 2024

Language: Английский

---

Direct and indirect effects of selective insecticides on 2 generalist predators of Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae)

Journal of Insect Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 24(6)

Published: Nov. 1, 2024

Abstract Generalist arthropod predators have historically contributed to the suppression of pests in many agroecosystems. The successful implementation integrated pest management (IPM) programs hinges on incorporation insecticides that are compatible with biological attributes natural enemies pests. A potentially promising pathway is improving control by through timely application selective insecticides. In our study, adult were exposed commercially available (cyantraniliprole and pyriproxyfen) using a combined laboratory field approach assess their effects survivorship predation. We isolated 2 predators, Hippodamia convergens Guérin-Méneville Geocoris punctipes (Say), estimate consumption whitefly nymphs, Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius). field, we deployed nymph-infested potted cotton plants replicated plots both insecticide treatments. enumerated nymph populations enclosed (predator-exclusion) open (predator-accessible) plants. While pyriproxyfen had negligible effect cyantraniliprole exposure directly affected H. convergence reducing duration indirectly influenced prey altering alternative prey. conditions, regardless pesticide exposure, whitefly-infested excluded more whiteflies than predator-accessible Overall, demonstrated minimal impact or while adversely mortality indirect foraging under controlled conditions but did not significant field.

Language: Английский

---

Unexpected soundscape response to insecticide application in oak forests

Conservation Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Nov. 20, 2024

Abstract Rachel Carson's warning of a silent spring directed attention to unwanted side effects pesticide application. Though her work led policies restricting insecticide use, various insecticides currently in use affect nontarget organisms and may contribute population declines. The tebufenozide is used control defoliating Lepidoptera oak forests harboring rich insect faunas. Over 3 years, we tested the effect its aerial application on bird populations with autonomous sound recorders large, replicated, full factorial field experiment during spongy moth ( Lymantria dispar ) outbreak. soundscape analysis combined automated aggregation recordings into indices species identification by experts. After year outbreak, acoustic complexity early summer was significantly reduced. showed that reduction not related birds, but instead large caterpillar feeding frass dropping. Effects vocal activity birds were smaller than originally expected from study demonstrating tebufenozide's negative breeding success. legacy treatment, terms variation, present second when outbreak had ended. Our results dimension insecticide‐induced variation immediately accessible human ear. It also illustrated how multifaceted can be as generic approach quantify impact anthropogenic stressors novel ways providing an example remote continuous monitoring possible conventional surveys.

Language: Английский

---

Meta-Analysis of Herbicide Non-Target Effects on Pest Natural Enemies

Insects, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(10), P. 787 - 787

Published: Sept. 26, 2023

A critical component of integrated pest management is minimizing disruption biological control by reducing the use pesticides with significant non-target effects on natural enemies. Insecticide testing for enemies has become increasingly common, but research examining herbicides scarce, and recommendations regarding herbicide selectivity are non-existent. We used meta-analysis to summarize laboratory bioassays arthropod identify patterns in taxon susceptibility active ingredient toxicity. Data were extracted from 78 papers representing 801 total observations. Herbicides increased enemy mortality decreased longevity, reproduction, predation. Mesostigmatan mites hemipterans most sensitive herbicides, spiders, neuropterans, hymenopterans least sensitive. Mortality was higher juvenile predators versus parasitoids did not differ between adults; parasitoid juveniles likely better protected within host. In terms acute mortality, metribuzin, glufosinate, oxyfluorfen harmful herbicides. Only nicosulfuron, rimsulfuron, pendimethalin, phenmedipham, atrazine, urea increase mortality. The large effect size glufosinate particularly concerning, as it replacement glyphosate many crops. Many ingredients remain under-studied. Our analysis indicates that have a strong potential disrupt cropping systems.

Language: Английский

---

Responses of Parasitoids (Hymenoptera) of Diaspis boisduvalii (Hemiptera: Diaspididae) to Insecticides and Herbicides in Costa Rican banana plantations.

Research Square (Research Square), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 11, 2024

Abstract Armored scale insects (Hemiptera: Diaspididae) have been identified as pests worldwide. In Costa Rica, various armored are economically important in the production of agricultural and horticultural products for exportation. Diaspis boisduvalii Signoret is a primary insect pest banana plantations, causing substantial economic losses high control costs. order to determine effect insecticide herbicide use on percent parasitism D. ( Musa AAA “Cavendish”) six commercial plantations with varying were sampled over five-month period. Pseudopetioles from oldest pseudoleaf plants infested collected monthly at each site. Each pseudopetiole fragment (55 cm 2 ) was stored well-ventilated glass tube monitored daily parasitoid emergence, parasitism, sex ratio. Four species two families identified. A gregarious ectoparasitoid Aphytis sp., solitary endoparasitoid Coccobius sp. very rare hyperparasitoid Ablerus (Aphelinidae), Plagiomerus peruviensis (Girault) (Encyrtidae). The study revealed significant negative impact insecticides p < .001), but species-specific responses herbicides. Rather suprisingly, P. showed higher herbicides than without herbicides, unlike other parasitoids. Results ratios suggest that reproduces via thelytokous parthenogenesis.

Language: Английский

---

Environmental DNA from ethanol eluent of flowers reveals a widespread diversity in cowpea associated animal communities in Hainan Island

Research Square (Research Square), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 18, 2024

Abstract Cowpea ( Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.), as an economical crop, is one of the important pillar industries rural revitalization strategy in China. However, cowpea planting China often infested and damaged by many insects during growth, especially Hainan region with a warm wet tropical climate. Traditional monitoring methods technical limitation could only detect few common significant agricultural pests, how kinds species associated unknown. Here, we employed environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding to characterize animal community-level diversity among six areas Hainan. In all, 62 were detected, which 99.05% was Arthropoda, suggesting that Arthropods are main groups interacting cowpea. Moreover, also detected 28 pests on cowpea, predominantly belonging Thysanoptera, Lepidoptera, Diptera Hemiptera, 20 first reported need more extra attention. Furthermore, clustering results indicated there certain animals different regions Hainan, but composition similar large due indiscriminate use pesticides, further develop scientific pesticide applications ensure adequate diversity. This study represents molecular approach investigate communities provides basic information for applications.

Language: Английский

---

Natural pest regulation along a tropical agricultural landscape gradient: complexity counts

Research Square (Research Square), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 8, 2024

Abstract Agricultural intensification is a threat to arthropod natural enemies of crop pests in agricultural landscapes due multiple reasons. This may disrupt the biological pest regulation agro-ecosystems and thereby affect their sustainability. Natural are reliant on semi vegetation landscape which serves as alternative resources provide refuge, decline through both direct indirect mechanisms. We examined how complexity affects enemies, pest, intraguild predators (Insectivorous birds), predation rate damage at different spatial scales. modeled interrelationship between farm scale parameters Structural equational models (SEM) 1000m 2000m. There was significant positive association coccinellidae parasitic hymenoptera abundance. Arthropod artificial plascticine caterpillar also increased significantly with scale. revealed latent relationships level components were not directly found simple correlative models. Comprehensive studies incorporating effect biodiversity elements necessary for ecologically intensive farms future.

Language: Английский

---

Effects of imidacloprid on Orius similis: assessing growth, development, and reproduction through age-stage two-sex life table analysis under contact and stomach toxicity treatments

Journal of Pest Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 11, 2024

Language: Английский

---

Temperature-altering Effects of Synthetic Insecticides On the Parasitoid Wasp Telenomus Podisi for the Biocontrol of Pentatomids in Soybean Crops

Deleted Journal, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 76(5), P. 1027 - 1038

Published: Sept. 5, 2024

Language: Английский

---

Compatibility of Chrysoperla carnea (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) with nanoformulations of natural active substances

Journal of Economic Entomology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 117(6), P. 2450 - 2460

Published: Aug. 19, 2024

Nanoformulations of essential oils (EOs) improve stability the active ingredient, and thereby its biological activity persistence. Because compatibility EOs with natural enemies is not explored sufficiently, we evaluated impact nanoformulations (aniseed, lemon) or pure products (farnesol) on different activities generalist predator Chrysoperla carnea (Stephens) (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae). In dual choice bioassay, chrysopid larvae were significantly attracted to aniseed-treated pepper disks deterred by farnesol. Larval (resting, walking, preying) treated leaves infested Myzus persicae (Sulzer) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) compared. There no differences among nanoemulsions, nor aphid consumption varied. We studied toxicity their development after contact leaf disks, ingestion artificial diet, both routes exposure (application biopesticides aphid-infested plants). This first evidence EO C. single route exposure. Whether any effect appeared, it was sublethal. Compounds reduced 6 h double exposure, but this negative short-term disappeared as time progressed. Our results showed optimal biopesticide apply depends which feature enemy targeted. The key element introduce these nanoemulsions match persistence period crop release appropriate stage carnea. reinforces fact that main can be substantially maintained in joint application EOs.

Language: Английский

---