Soot Particle Emissions: Formation and Suppression Mechanisms in Gas Turbines DOI Creative Commons

Matthieu Vierling,

Maher Aboujaib,

Richard Denolle

et al.

Gases, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 4(4), P. 446 - 467

Published: Nov. 26, 2024

This article reports on field tests devoted to the emissions of particles from gas turbines (GT) and more particularly formation soot its suppression by fuel additives. These involved four heavy-duty used as power generators equipped with air atomization systems. machines were running natural gas, No. 2 distillate oil, heavy crude oil respectively. The GT produced no or ash upstream filtration system in fact allowed lower concentrations exhaust than those found ambient air. Soot emitted when burning three liquid fuels (No. distillate; oil; oil) was effectively reduced using additives based iron(III), cerium(III) cerium(IV). Cerium be very effective a suppressant gave rise two surprising effects: performed better cerium(IV) “memory effect” observed presence heat recovery boilers due deposition active cerium species. All reported results, both regarding reduction, are original. A review mechanisms detailed interpretation test results provided.

Language: Английский

The effect of pressure up to 6 atm over soot maturity in laminar ethylene flames DOI
Francisco Cepeda, Ali Yousefzadi Nobakht, Ignacio Verdugo

et al.

Combustion and Flame, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 274, P. 113977 - 113977

Published: Jan. 15, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Formation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Thermal Systems: A Comprehensive Mechanistic Review DOI Creative Commons
Mohammednoor Altarawneh, Labeeb Ali

Energy & Fuels, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 38(22), P. 21735 - 21792

Published: Nov. 1, 2024

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are formed invariably through oxidative and pyrolytic degradation of organic materials fuels. Understanding the highly complex reaction mechanisms that dictate their synthesis in thermal systems has been given a great deal focus. Such interest stems from two broad perspectives, namely, enhancing efficiency combustion system, energy recovery fuels protecting environment. Health environmental effects widely vary among PAHs where certain compounds exhibit carcinogenic tendencies. This critical review mainly aims to provide general mechanistic view commonly discussed formation pathways PAHs. The attained knowledge often incorporates experimental measurements kinetic modelings, as well mapped out by quantum chemical calculations. A sampling species is typically conducted via molecular beam (MB)–mass spectroscopy (MS) technique connected reactor (flow reactor, jet-stirred or shock tube). Generally, PAH precursors encompass four categories (radicals molecules): acetylenic compounds, alkyl radicals, phenyl resonance-stabilized cyclic radicals. Overall, relevance mechanism depends on consistency between proposed model pathways, profiles products at investigated conditions (i.e., temperatures, pressures, distance burners). effect seeding common precursors, with other explored surveying pertinent studies. Growth higher PAHs, including toxic pyrene, most likely involves hydrogen abstraction acetylene addition (HACA)-like starting anthracene bimolecular reactions involve benzyl radicals indene molecules. synergistic collaboration different suggested account for observed fast growth rate As experimentally shown, sequential mass 15 u, 24 26 74 indicate routes MAC, HACA, HAVA*, PAC routes, respectively. Whether physical process initial step conversion into soot (the inception step) still debated literature. Recent evidence underscores commence creating dimers clustering under real flame 400–1200 K). Formation synthetic natural polymers ensues condensation fragments structural arrangements polymeric entities, prior fragmentation. surveyed presented this will be useful readers who aim comprehend chemistry underlying systems.

Language: Английский

Citations

4
Mechanisms of Soot Formation in Periodically Forced Laminar Diffusion Flames DOI
Francisco Cepeda,

Marek Serwin,

Nickolas A. Eaves

et al.

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Soot Particle Emissions: Formation and Suppression Mechanisms in Gas Turbines DOI Creative Commons

Matthieu Vierling,

Maher Aboujaib,

Richard Denolle

et al.

Gases, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 4(4), P. 446 - 467

Published: Nov. 26, 2024

This article reports on field tests devoted to the emissions of particles from gas turbines (GT) and more particularly formation soot its suppression by fuel additives. These involved four heavy-duty used as power generators equipped with air atomization systems. machines were running natural gas, No. 2 distillate oil, heavy crude oil respectively. The GT produced no or ash upstream filtration system in fact allowed lower concentrations exhaust than those found ambient air. Soot emitted when burning three liquid fuels (No. distillate; oil; oil) was effectively reduced using additives based iron(III), cerium(III) cerium(IV). Cerium be very effective a suppressant gave rise two surprising effects: performed better cerium(IV) “memory effect” observed presence heat recovery boilers due deposition active cerium species. All reported results, both regarding reduction, are original. A review mechanisms detailed interpretation test results provided.

Language: Английский

Citations

0