Polymers,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
15(10), P. 2355 - 2355
Published: May 18, 2023
There
has
been
a
lot
of
interest
in
developing
and
producing
biodegradable
polymers
to
address
the
current
environmental
problem
caused
by
continued
usage
synthetic
derived
from
petroleum
products.
Bioplastics
have
identified
as
possible
alternative
use
conventional
plastics
since
they
are
and/or
renewable
resources.
Additive
manufacturing,
also
referred
3D
printing,
is
field
growing
can
contribute
towards
sustainable
circular
economy.
The
manufacturing
technology
provides
wide
material
selection
with
design
flexibility
increasing
its
manufacture
parts
bioplastics.
With
this
flexibility,
efforts
directed
printing
filaments
bioplastics
such
Poly
(lactic
acid)
substitute
common
fossil-
based
plastic
Acrylonitrile
butadiene
styrene.
Plant
biomass
now
utilized
development
biocomposite
materials.
A
literature
presents
work
done
toward
improving
biodegradability
filaments.
However,
additive
biocomposites
plant
faced
challenges
warping,
low
agglomeration
between
layers
poor
mechanical
properties
printed
parts.
aim
paper
review
using
bioplastics,
study
materials
that
how
working
addressed.
Polymers,
Journal Year:
2019,
Volume and Issue:
11(7), P. 1094 - 1094
Published: June 28, 2019
As
biodegradable
thermoplastics
are
more
and
penetrating
the
market
of
filaments
for
fused
deposition
modeling
(FDM)
3D
printing,
fillers
in
form
natural
fibers
convenient:
They
have
clear
advantage
reducing
cost,
yet
retaining
filament
biodegradability
characteristics.
In
plastics
that
processed
through
standard
techniques
(e.g.,
extrusion
or
injection
molding),
a
mild
reinforcing
function,
improving
stiffness
strength,
it
is
thus
interesting
to
evaluate
whether
same
holds
true
also
case
FDM
produced
components.
The
results
analyzed
this
review
show
mechanical
properties
most
common
materials,
i.e.,
acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene
(ABS)
PLA,
do
not
benefit
from
biofillers,
while
other
less
widely
used
polymers,
such
as
polyolefins,
found
become
performant.
Much
research
has
been
devoted
studying
effect
additive
formulation
processing
parameters
on
biofilled
printed
specimens.
look
promising
due
relevant
number
articles
published
field
last
few
years.
This
notwithstanding,
all
aspects
explored
could
potentially
be
obtained
modifications
usual
devices
so
far.
Applied Materials Today,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
24, P. 101078 - 101078
Published: June 9, 2021
3D
printing
by
fused
deposition
modeling
(FDM)
is
an
advanced
additive
manufacturing
technology
for
making
thermoplastic-based
structures.
Several
studies
have
recently
investigated
of
polylactic
acid
(PLA)
with
biomass
resources
like
cellulose,
hemicellulose,
lignin
and
whole
biomass.
Such
biodegradable
composites
are
better
the
environment
can
be
used
to
replace
non-biodegradable
in
a
variety
applications.
Therefore,
deep
understanding
such
biocomposites
needed
supporting
manufacturing.
Recent
developments
focused
on
FDM
PLA
filled
been
critically
reviewed
reveal
intricate
aspects
materials
characterization
changes
caused
biomass-based
fillers.
Properties
high
molecular
weight
PLA,
essentials
conditions
filament
extrusion
discussed.
Characterization
results
from
mechanical
testing,
thermal
analysis,
viscoelastic
properties,
imaging
spectroscopy
impact
filling
printing.
The
latter
sections
discuss
applications,
upcycling
&
recycling
future
opportunities
biorefineries.
Materials & Design,
Journal Year:
2019,
Volume and Issue:
180, P. 107884 - 107884
Published: May 30, 2019
Recently,
interest
has
been
increasing
in
natural
fibres
as
composite
reinforcing
fillers
for
polymer-based
filaments
manufactured
with
the
Fused
Deposition
Modeling
(FDM)
process,
despite
their
moderate
mechanical
properties
compared
to
pure
polymer.
An
innovative
way
was
proposed
present
work
optimize
of
biocomposites.
It
based
on
novel
continuous
flax
fibre/PLA
(cFF/PLA)
made
a
customized
co-extrusion
process
and
printed
simple
affordable
printing
machine.
The
microstructure
cFF/PLA
biocomposite
evidenced
homogeneous
distribution
yarn
within
cross
section,
while
twisted
led
fibre-rich
areas
at
mesoscale.
showed
tensile
modulus
strength
values
that
exceeded
only
available
published
result
fibre
composites
by
>4.5
times.
Tensile
were
same
range
those
glass
fibre/PolyAmide
(PA)
composites,
paving
use
biocomposites
structural
applications.
Their
weakest
point
transverse
remained
poorer
than
similar
flax/PLA
thermocompressed
composites.
Polymer Testing,
Journal Year:
2020,
Volume and Issue:
93, P. 106925 - 106925
Published: Oct. 23, 2020
The
development
of
fibre
composites
in
recent
years
has
been
remarkably
strong,
owing
to
their
high
performance
and
durability.
Various
advancements
are
emerging
because
increased
use
a
myriad
applications.
One
the
popular
processing
methods
is
additive
manufacturing
(AM),
however,
polymer-fibre
manufactured
through
AM
have
significantly
lower
strength
compared
conventional
processes,
for
instance,
injection
moulding.
This
article
comprehensive
review
mechanical
testing
analysis
fabricated
AM,
particular
fused
deposition
modelling
(FDM).
highlights
effect
various
parameters,
involved
FDM
composites,
on
observed
properties.
In
addition,
thermal
properties
based
also
briefly
reviewed.
Overall,
structured
provide
an
impetus
researchers
concerned
engineering
domain
gain
insight
into
fibre-reinforced
polymeric
AM.
Materials & Design,
Journal Year:
2020,
Volume and Issue:
194, P. 108911 - 108911
Published: June 28, 2020
To
date,
the
literature
has
focused
on
synthetic
fibre-reinforced
composites,
but
it
not
adequately
addressed
unique
properties
that
differentiate
natural
from
fibres,
such
as
their
variation
in
microstructure
and
composition
across
species.
This
review
paper
proposes
a
critical
overview
of
current
state
3D
printing
composites
or
biocomposites
for
mechanical
purposes,
well
an
role
4D
stimuli-responsive
applications.
The
is
structured
follows:
after
first
part
recalling
specificities
fibres
associated
two
main
sections
are
each
divided
into
parts
presenting
analysis
available
data
to
provide
fundamental
understandings
discussion
outlook
future.
Natural
discontinuous
polymers
exhibit
moderate
compared
manufactured
by
conventional
processes
due
specific
factors
process,
high
porosity,
low
fibre
content,
very
fibre-aspect
ratio
(L/d).
Hygromorph
BioComposites
(HBC)
categorized
new
class
smart
materials
could
be
used
shape-changing
mechanisms.
Fibre
orientation
control,
continuity
outlined
relation
known
challenges
actuation
performance.
Materials,
Journal Year:
2019,
Volume and Issue:
12(10), P. 1664 - 1664
Published: May 22, 2019
Additive
manufacturing
(AM)
is
rapidly
evolving
as
the
most
comprehensive
tool
to
manufacture
products
ranging
from
prototypes
various
end-user
applications.
Fused
filament
fabrication
(FFF)
widely
used
AM
technique
due
its
ability
complex
and
relatively
high
strength
parts
many
low-cost
materials.
Generally,
of
printed
in
FFF
attributed
research
materials
respective
process
factors
(process
variables,
physical
setup,
ambient
temperature).
However,
these
have
not
been
rigorously
reviewed
for
analyzing
their
effects
on
ductility
different
classes
This
review
systematically
elaborates
relationship
between
corresponding
factors.
The
main
focus
ductility.
A
hierarchical
approach
analyze
materials,
parameters,
void
control
before
identifying
existing
gaps
future
directions.