Sustainability,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
17(1), P. 233 - 233
Published: Dec. 31, 2024
The
extensive
development
of
construction,
in
which
cement
concrete
remains
the
key
composite,
enforces
need
for
particular
environmental
concerns.
This
applies
to
aspects,
including
ecological
challenges
industry
and
rational
use
natural
construction
aggregates.
review
article
focuses
on
new
trends
waste
aggregate,
with
emphasis
recycled
aggregate
sands.
state
art
was
analysed,
many
years
own
studies
modification
properties
composites
made
from
it.
It
assessed
that
among
possible
ways
quality
improvement
RCA,
most
promising
macro
scale
seems
be
carbonation,
unlike
biodeposition.
latter,
novel
undoubtedly
interesting
a
scientific
viewpoint,
has
not
been
studied
sufficiently,
real
obstacle
is
cost
its
implementation
practice.
Multi-recycling,
pioneering
proposal
management,
can
viewed
only
context
moment.
sands
hydroclassification
combined
steel
fibres
closest
constructional
purposes
engineering
Developments in the Built Environment,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
19, P. 100517 - 100517
Published: Aug. 8, 2024
Due
to
infrastructural
development
activities,
the
need
for
construction
materials
increases,
because
of
which
most
naturally
available
natural
resources
are
over
exploited
and
cost
increased.
Therefore,
present
study
focuses
on
use
industrial
by-products
concrete
examines
physical,
mechanical,
durability
sustainable
performances.
Fly
ash
(FA)
ground
granulated
blast
furnace
slag
(GGBS)
were
employed
as
binder
medium
effluent
sodium
silicate
waste
was
used
replace
conventional
river
sand
in
geopolymer
(GPC).
GGBS
source
material
production
increase
polymerization
reaction
process
further,
developed
cured
ambient
condition
temperature
range
27
±
2
°C,
laboratory.
The
concentration
hydroxide
(NaOH)
12M,
alkaline
solution
ratio
1:1.5.
During
factory,
residue
left
at
bottom
boiling
hopper
dumped
open
land.
GPC
gains
its
strength
based
alumina
silica
activator
solution,
therefore,
this
identified
potential
alternative
sand.
with
without
subjected
two
types
acid
(Sulfuric
(H2SO4)
Hydrochloric
(HCl))
further
examine
performance
under
marine
condition,
salt
solutions,
namely,
magnesium
sulfate
(MgSO4)
Sodium
Chloride
(NaCl)
used,
acids
is
2%
3.5%.
Increase
proportion
from
0%
100%
decreases
slump
value
concrete.
Contrastingly,
increasing
increases
after
28-d
room
curing.
To
acidic
conditions,
average
three
specimens
duration
exposure
considered
starts
continues
till
360-d.
After
exposing
environment,
mass
loss,
loss
surface
modification
examined;
found
be
1.5–3%
35%–45%.
In
case
exposure,
seen
1–2%
whereas
strength,
30%–42%,
respectively.
Further,
sustainability
aspects
effluents
examined
detail;
focusing
economic
concrete,
carbon
emission
energy
demand
during
