
PLoS ONE, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 20(5), P. e0323729 - e0323729
Published: May 14, 2025
This study attempted to investigate the thermal behavior and reaction mechanisms of municipal solid waste incineration fly ash under air N 2 . Mass loss patterns at temperatures from 30ºC 1100ºC were obtained through thermogravimetric analysis. Based on mass patterns, high temperature was divided into three stages. in Stage I (30ºC-500ºC) amounted 3.0%-6.2%. The majority concentrated II (500ºC-800ºC) III (800ºC-1100ºC). Kinetic parameters evaluated using Flynn-Wall-Ozawa (FWO), Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose (KAS), Friedman methods. By comparison, iso-conversional FWO method exhibited highest correlation coefficient with R > 0.99. Activation energy (E) values calculated via indicate that showed considerably higher hurdle (E = 171.11 kJ/mol) than 124.52 kJ/mol). difference partly attributed presence carbonation process air. In contrast, E similar 373.38 kJ/mol 382.25 Mechanistic analysis Coats-Redfern (CR) model, employing 15 kinetic functions, identified dominant one-dimensional diffusion contracting sphere for respectively. At same time, three-dimensional could best explain mechanism both Moreover, calculations thermodynamic (ΔH, ΔG, ΔS) revealed major reactions during treatment endothermic non-spontaneous, exhibiting heightened complexity. multi-stage characterization elucidates degradation varying conditions provides useful insight processes.
Language: Английский