The future of psychological treatments: The Marburg Declaration

Clinical Psychology Review, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 110, P. 102417 - 102417

Published: March 25, 2024

Although psychological treatments are broadly recognized as evidence-based interventions for various mental disorders, challenges remain. For example, a substantial proportion of patients receiving such do not fully recover, and many obstacles hinder the dissemination, implementation, training treatments. These problems require those in our field to rethink some basic models disorders their treatments, question how research practice clinical psychology should progress. To answer these questions, group experts convened at Think-Tank Marburg, Germany, August 2022 review evidence analyze barriers current future developments. After this event, an overview state-of-the-art was drafted suggestions improvements specific recommendations were integrated. Recommendations arising from meeting cover further improving through translational approaches, methodology, bridging gap between more nomothetic (group-oriented) studies idiographic (person-centered) decisions, using network approaches addition selecting single mechanisms embrace complexity reality, making use scalable digital options assessments interventions, education psychotherapists, accepting societal responsibilities that has national global health care. The objective Marburg Declaration is stimulate significant change regarding understanding with aim trigger new era interventions.

Language: Английский

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How and when social evaluative feedback is processed in the brain: A systematic review on ERP studies

Cortex, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 173, P. 187 - 207

Published: Feb. 20, 2024

Social evaluative feedback informs the receiver of other's views, which may contain judgments personality-related traits and/or level likability. Such kinds social are particular importance to humans. Event-related potentials (ERPs) can directly measure where in processing stream valence, expectancy, or contextual relevance modulate information processing. This review provides an overview and systematization studies early, mid-latency, late ERP effects. Early effects were inconsistently reported for all factors. Feedback valence more consistently specific mid-latency ERPs (Reward Positivity, RewP, Posterior Negativity, EPN) positivities (P3 Late Positive Potential, LPP). Unexpected increased Related Negativity (FRN) and, less consistently, decreased P3 amplitudes. Contextual sender (e.g., human vs computer sender) self-relatedness ERPs. Interactions between other factors often found, arising during stages, most consistent interactions showed larger EPN amplitude differences valent a relevant context. The findings highlight that is differentiated stages. discusses findings, possible shortcomings different experimental designs, open questions. Furthermore, we suggest concrete venues future research.

Language: Английский

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Selektive Integration überzeugungskongruenter Informationen

Psychologische Rundschau, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 28, 2025

Zusammenfassung: Wenn Menschen bestimmte Kernüberzeugungen über sich selbst, andere oder die Welt entwickelt haben, bleiben diese oft erstaunlich stabil. Eine Vielzahl von Mechanismen führt dazu, dass überzeugungskongruente Informationen selektiv integriert werden, während -inkongruente weniger berücksichtigt sodass bisherigen Denkstrukturen stabilisiert werden. Dieses Phänomen zeigt sowohl im allgemeinpsychologischen Kontext (z. B. beim Beibehalten politischer Überzeugungen) als auch bei psychischen Störungen, durch ein rigides Festhalten an störungsspezifischen gekennzeichnet sind. Vor diesem Hintergrund diskutiert der vorliegende Artikel, ob das selektiven Integration überzeugungskongruenter normaler psychologischer Prozess Merkmal psychischer Störungen ist. Es werden neueste Interventionsansätze vorgestellt, klinischen zur Bearbeitung maladaptiver Überzeugungen wurden, und Implikationen für nicht-klinische Forschung haben könnten.

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Self-referential belief shares common neural correlates with general belief

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: Jan. 16, 2025

Belief processing and self-referential have been consistently associated with cortical midline structures, regions such as the vmPFC implicated in general belief processing. The neural correlates of are yet to be investigated. In this fMRI study, we presented 120 statements trait adjectives N = 27 healthy participants, who subsequently judged whether they believed these applied themselves, a close person, or public person. Thereafter, participants rated their certainty judgment. Expectedly, evoked large cluster vmPFC, ACC, dmPFC. For belief, found amPFC during statement presentation, partially overlapping that for self-belief vs. disbelief was similar location size uncertainty, dmPFC activation. We replicated involvement common correlate vmPFC. Furthermore, role supporting dual process model certainty.

Language: Английский

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Bayes meets Hegel: the dialectics of belief space and the active inference of suffering

Synthese, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 205(3)

Published: Feb. 21, 2025

Language: Английский

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How positive and negative feedback following real interactions changes subsequent sender ratings

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: March 3, 2025

Abstract Social evaluative feedback informs us about how others perceive us, constantly updates our expectations of what to receive, and simultaneously changes view the sender. However, little is known neuronal behavioral responses when receiving incongruent positive or negative social feedback. This study ( N = 40) investigated from peers after a real-life interaction modulates Event-Related Potentials (ERPs). Specifically, ERP modulations by being with self-view expectation were examined along whole processing stream. Feedback was manipulated such that one peer provided overly other feedback, random computer as control condition. Behaviorally, participants updated their according received ‘negative’ ‘positive’ rapidly changed ratings sender towards behavior. Concerning ERPs, separate effects incongruence based on found during mid-latency stages. Subsequently, both types increased late amplitudes, which also substantially senders. first combined measures processing, emphasizing elicits subsequent updating processes associated amplitudes. In addition, we find rapid in for senders

Language: Английский

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How people with major depression adjust their expectations of future life events in response to other patients’ reports of the positive effects of psychotherapy

Behaviour Research and Therapy, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 104736 - 104736

Published: April 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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How the discrepancy between expectation and outcome influences expectation change in relation to depressive symptoms – Results from four experimental studies

Journal of Affective Disorders, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 1, 2025

Traditional associative learning models and their clinical applications suggest that the greater discrepancy between expectations outcome, adjustment of expectations. Other frameworks, however, propose a "tipping point", above which is so large source information considered unreliable, resulting in reduced expectation change. To test these competing predictions, we performed four experiments participants were provided with five levels positivity/negativity two different contexts: social interactions performance feedback. We also examined how depressive symptoms related to changes response positive/negative information. The results regarding processing unexpectedly positive (Study 1, N = 212; Study 2, 158) did not allow unanimous conclusions, but more consistent tipping point hypothesis, as there was strong change when moderately decline even positive. For negative 3, 252; 4, 286), linearity indicating information, Depressive interacted level affecting change: associated lower mildly highly particularly 2. relationship magnitude an violation may depend on valence violation.

Language: Английский

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Are depressive symptoms linked to a reduced pupillary response to novel positive information?—An eye tracking proof-of-concept study

Frontiers in Psychology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: Feb. 23, 2024

Introduction Depressive symptoms have been linked to difficulties in revising established negative beliefs response novel positive information. Recent predictive processing accounts suggested that this bias belief updating may be related a blunted of prediction errors at the neural level. In proof-of-concept study, pupil dilation unexpected emotional information was examined as psychophysiological marker an attenuated associated with depressive symptoms. Methods Participants ( N = 34) completed modified version Bias Against Disconfirmatory Evidence (BADE) task which scenarios initially suggest interpretations are later either confirmed or disconfirmed by additional Pupil confirmatory and disconfirmatory recorded. Results Behavioral results showed were despite The eye tracking pointed reduced among people elevated Discussion Altogether, present study demonstrates adapted BADE can appropriate for examining aspects such changes size along behavioral responses. Furthermore, depression characterized deviations both (i.e., beliefs) decreased dilation) responses Future work should focus on larger sample including clinically depressed patients further explore these findings.

Language: Английский

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An active inference approach to interpersonal differences in depression

New Ideas in Psychology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 74, P. 101092 - 101092

Published: April 26, 2024

Depression is characterized by different distortions in interpersonal experience and behavior, ranging from social withdrawal to overt hostility. However, clinical psychological research has largely neglected the need for an integrative framework operationalize these phenomena their dynamic change more accurately depression. In this article, we draw on active inference theory, a comprehensive theory of perception, action, learning, provide formal model explaining how variations patients' internal belief-systems lead differences behavior. context, assume that individuals cannot directly grasp characteristics environment. Instead, they must infer them indirectly ambiguous observations, which themselves generate alter through actions. Differences behavior arise interplay prior expectations, propensity particular states certain beliefs ability influence situations specific We then use concrete examples demonstrate future can take our approach identify systematic experiences behaviors among depressed patients (or patient subgroups) investigate changes response new experiences. also discuss potential applications diagnosing treating This work move towards understanding aspects depression detail, recognizing importance etiology, diagnosis, treatment.

Language: Английский

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