Enhancing the classification of isolated theropod teeth using machine learning: a comparative study

PeerJ, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13, P. e19116 - e19116

Published: March 26, 2025

Classifying objects, such as taxonomic identification of fossils based on morphometric variables, is a time-consuming process. This task further complicated by intra-class variability, which makes it ideal for automation via machine learning (ML) techniques. In this study, we compared six different ML techniques datasets with features used to classify isolated theropod teeth at both genus and higher levels. Our model also intends differentiate from positions the tooth row (e.g., lateral, mesial). These present challenges like over-representation certain classes missing measurements. Given class imbalance, evaluate effect standardization oversampling classification process models. The obtained results show that some models are more sensitive imbalance than others. study presents novel comparative analysis multi-class methods teeth, evaluating their performance across varying levels dataset balancing aim suitable providing recommendations how deal imbalanced using standardization, oversampling, tools. trained applied standardizations made publicly available, resource future studies teeth. open-access methodology will enable reliable cross-study comparisons fossil records.

Language: Английский

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First dinosaur remains from Serbia: Sauropod and theropod material from the uppermost Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) of Osmakovo

Cretaceous Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 106177 - 106177

Published: June 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Theropod dinosaur diversity of the lower English Wealden: analysis of a tooth‐based fauna from the Wadhurst Clay Formation (Lower Cretaceous: Valanginian) via phylogenetic, discriminant and machine learning methods

Papers in Palaeontology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(6)

Published: Nov. 1, 2024

Abstract The Lower Cretaceous Wealden Supergroup of southern England yields a diverse assemblage theropod dinosaurs, its taxa being represented by fragments in addition to some the most informative associated skeletons European Mesozoic. Spinosaurids, neovenatorid allosauroids, tyrannosauroids and dromaeosaurids are among reported clades. However, majority relevant specimens from Barremian Upper Weald Clay Wessex formations, diversity older Berriasian–Valanginian Hastings Group has remained poorly known, fragmentary thus far remaining enigmatic both terms phylogenetic affinities sometimes provenance. A better understanding would be welcome given paucity dinosaurs worldwide. Here, we describe an teeth Valanginian Wadhurst Formation, mostly collected Ashdown Brickworks locality near Bexhill, East Sussex. These were assessed using phylogenetic, discriminant machine learning analyses found include members Spinosauridae, Tyrannosauroidea Dromaeosauridae, others that remain uncertain affinity within Coelurosauria. appear distinct those already known strata: spinosaurid cannot referred Baryonyx or tyrannosauroid Eotyrannus , for example, but have not named new at this time. Combined with other findings our study indicates was comparable younger units, implying ‘characteristic’ components faunas established early deposition famous geological succession.

Language: Английский

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Theropod teeth from the Upper Cretaceous of central Spain: assessing the paleobiogeographic history of European abelisaurids

Cretaceous Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 106072 - 106072

Published: Dec. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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