Impacts of Body Colour, Symbionts and Genomic Regions on the Pea Aphid Wing Plasticity Variation

Molecular Ecology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 4, 2025

ABSTRACT Adaptive phenotypic plasticity describes the phenomenon in which a single genotype can produce variety of phenotypes that match their environments. Like any trait, is phenotype exhibit variation, but despite ecological importance little known about its genetic basis. Here we use pea aphid to investigate basis wing variation. Previous reports have suggested an association between body coloration and strength aphid, so tested hypothesis colour determination locus ( tor ) associated with We discover there no relationship natural populations or mapping population. also localise third autosome, whereas it was previously thought be on first finding will important for future studies locus. find presence bacterial symbiont Regiella higher levels plasticity. Genome‐wide analysis variation did not reveal impact locus, consistent independence This implicated one possible candidate gene—a Hox gene, abdominal‐A —underlying although SNPs do reach level genome‐wide significance therefore require further study. Our study highlights complex, impacted by influenced colour.

Language: Английский

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A dual insect symbiont and plant pathogen improves insect host fitness under arginine limitation

mBio, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 25, 2025

ABSTRACT Some facultative bacterial symbionts are known to benefit insects, but nutritional advantages rare among these non-obligate symbionts. Here, we demonstrate that the symbiont Candidatus Liberibacter psyllaurous enhances fitness of its psyllid insect host, Bactericera cockerelli , by providing benefits. L. an unculturable pathogen solanaceous crops, also establishes a close relationship with vector, B. increasing in titer during development, vertically transmitting through eggs, and colonizing various tissues, including bacteriome, which houses obligate symbiont, Carsonella. Carsonella supplies essential amino acids host has gaps some acid pathways complements own genes, many have been acquired horizontal gene transfer (HGT) from bacteria. Our findings reveal increases on plants reducing developmental time adult weight. In addition, metagenomic sequencing, maintains complete for synthesizing arginine, lysine, threonine, unlike psyllid’s other resident microbiota, Carsonella, two co-occurring Wolbachia strains. RNA sequencing reveals downregulation HGT collaborative ( ASL ), indicates reduced demand arginine supplied when is infected . Notably, artificial diet assays show arginine-deplete diet. These results corroborate role as beneficial contributing nutrition host. IMPORTANCE Unlike permanently associated their hosts, rarely direct contributions, especially under nutrient-limited conditions. This study demonstrates, first time, plant pathogen, supplying nutrient lacking sap how can play vital helping hosts adapt environments. work provides new insights into dynamic interactions between symbiotic microbes, shared ecological niches, broadening our understanding symbiosis shaping adaptation survival.

Language: Английский

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ArtSymbioCyc, a metabolic network database collection dedicated to arthropod symbioses: a case study, the tripartite cooperation in Sipha maydis

mSystems, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 21, 2025

ABSTRACT Most arthropods live in close association with bacteria. The genomes of associated partners have co-evolved, creating situations interdependence that are complex to decipher despite the availability their complete sequences. We developed ArtSymbioCyc, a metabolism-oriented database collection gathering genomic resources for and ArtSymbioCyc uses powerful tools BioCyc community produce high-quality annotations analyze compare metabolic networks on genome-wide scale. used study case tripartite symbiosis cereal aphid Sipha maydis focusing amino acid vitamin metabolisms, as these compounds known be important this strictly phloemophagous insect. showed pathways insect host its two obligate bacterial associates interdependent specialized exploitation Poaceae phloem, particularly biosynthesis sulfur-containing acids most vitamins. This demonstrates does not only reveal individual capacities each partner respective contributions holobiont they constitute but also allows predict essential inputs must come from nutrition. IMPORTANCE evolution has driven emergence arthropod-microbe symbiotic systems, whose integration is difficult unravel. With user-friendly interface, ( https://artsymbiocyc.cycadsys.org ) eases speeds up analysis by enabling precise inference compound exchanges between helps unveil adaptive potential contexts such conservation or agricultural control.

Language: Английский

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Vertical transmission ofWolbachiabypassing the germ line in an aphid

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 19, 2025

Abstract Wolbachia , a widespread endosymbiotic bacterium that infects broad range of arthropods and nematodes, relies on vertical transmission from mother to offspring. This process often involves colonization the host germline, subsequent transfer developing oocytes, utilization yolk protein transport mechanisms such as vitellogenin uptake. However, strategies employed by in viviparous insects aphids are poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate novel mode cedar bark aphid Cinara cedri bypasses germline cells. After confirming stable infection C. visualized localization along with obligate symbionts Buchnera aphidicola Serratia symbiotica . Consistent previous reports, were predominantly observed within maternal embryonic bacteriocytes, specialized cells housing symbionts. Notably, rarely detected or early-stage embryos directly transmitted bacteriocytes embryos, coinciding symbiont transfer. These results suggest has evolved unique “piggybacking” strategy, utilizing system. Our study highlights diversity endosymbiont provides new insights into underlying molecular action.

Language: Английский

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Facultatively intrabacterial localization of a planthopper endosymbiont as an adaptation to its vertical transmission

mSystems, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 9(7)

Published: June 27, 2024

Transovarial transmission is the most reliable way of passing on essential nutrient-providing endosymbionts from mothers to offspring. However, not all endosymbiotic microbes follow complex path through female host tissues oocytes their own. Here, we demonstrate an unusual strategy adopted by one planthopper

Language: Английский

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Strong impact of orally administered BCR4 defensin on aphid survival, embryo development and symbiotic cells in three Acyrthosiphon pisum parthenogenetic lines

Research Square (Research Square), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Nov. 27, 2024

Aphids are major crop pests capable of colonizing the main plants grown for human consumption. They have specialized cells, bacteriocytes, which house obligatory symbionts Buchnera aphidicola that provide them with essential nutrients missing from their diet. Bacteriocyte-specific cysteine-rich peptides (BCRs) encoded by a defensin gene family exclusively present in aphids and specifically expressed bacteriocyte. One BCR member, BCR4, has been shown to insecticidal properties against pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum(Hemiptera: Aphididae). In study, we exposed aphid different doses BCR4 examined impact on survival, mass, anatomy, fecundity, as well bacterial symbiosis. As lines various symbiotic status may be differently affected stress, investigated effect ingestion three A. pisum lines: LL01 YR2-amp, that mono-infected B. aphidicola, YR2-Ri, is genetically identical YR2-amp but also contains extracellular facultative Regiella insecticola. Our results show strong dose-response survival more moderate both YR2 lines, while an mass was observed lines. Histological analyses revealed severe embryonic developmental defects due treatment. Finally, treatment reduced symbiont quantity, aphidicola being than R. This study supports idea could act key regulator symbiosis development, highlights its potential candidate bioinsecticide pest control.

Language: Английский

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