Engineering organoids as cerebral disease models

Current Opinion in Biotechnology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 92, P. 103253 - 103253

Published: Jan. 14, 2025

Cerebral organoids pioneered in replicating complex brain tissue architectures vitro, offering a vast potential for human disease modeling. They enable the vitro study of physiological and pathophysiological mechanisms various neurological diseases disorders. The trajectory technological advancements organoid generation engineering over past decade indicates that technology might, future, mature into indispensable solutions at horizon personalized regenerative medicine. In this review, we highlight recent advances as models discuss some challenges opportunities future research rapidly evolving field.

Language: Английский

---

Developing advanced organoids: challenges, progress, and outlook

BioTechniques, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 6

Published: Jan. 29, 2025

Organoids, self-organizing 3D structures created from a variety of cell sources, offer unique advantages for studying organ development, modeling diseases, discovering new drugs, and creating regenerative therapies. However, their ability to completely mimic complex in vivo structure function has been hindered by the lack all relevant types found each organ; heterogeneity between organoids; variable reproducibility; mature phenotype; integrated neural, vascular, hematopoietic networks. To address these critical challenges, various strategies are being rapidly advanced include co-culturing co-differentiating multiple create region-and lineage-specific organoids together, including with vascular organoids, assembloids; using organoid-on-a-chip technology integrate perfusable vasculature within bioprinting organoids. This brief overview explores how converging disciplines stem biology, developmental bioengineering technologies have progressed creation increasingly sophisticated organoid models, provides an outlook on remaining challenges might be addressed.

Language: Английский

---

Amniotic Membrane‐Derived Extracellular Matrix for Developing a Cost‐Effective Xenofree Hepatocellular Carcinoma Organoid Model

Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part A, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 113(2)

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Current limitations in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) include tumor recurrence, chemoresistance, and severe side effects, all which call for novel cancer models that better represent microenvironment (TME). 3D organoids hold promise due to their increased relevance TME hallmarks. Herein, we aim establish an HCC organoid model mimics its metabolic interactome. The comprises a decellularized human amniotic membrane (dAM) as biomimetic matrix, Huh-7 cell line, bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (BM-MSC), umbilical vein endothelial cell-conditioned medium (HUVEC-CM). structure integrity was monitored using H&E staining at 7, 14, 21 days transmission electron microscopy (TEM) scanning (SEM) days. established maintained viability over tested by propidium iodide (PI) fluorescence staining, MTT, upregulated expression proliferating nuclear antigen (PCNA), alpha-fetoprotein (AFP). vascular growth factor (VEGF) induced neo-angiogenic response ovo. Metabolic reprogramming showed shift toward glycolysis indicated promoted glucose consumption, lactate production, reduced cellular pyruvate concentration. Oxidative phosphorylation suppressed reactive oxygen species (ROS), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), halted urea cycle progression. dataset shows dAM may use extracellular matrix (ECM) source models, replicating signature, thus holding developing targeted therapeutic strategies.

Language: Английский

---

Regenerative Medicine in Plastic Surgery: The Role of Stem Cells and Bioprinting

Regenesis repair rehabilitation., Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 1, 2025

Language: Английский

---

Vascularization of Organoid Microenvironments: Perfusable Networks for Organoid Growth and Maturation

Current Opinion in Biomedical Engineering, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 100586 - 100586

Published: March 1, 2025

Language: Английский

---

Liver Sinusoidal Endothelial Cells in the Regulation of Immune Responses and Fibrosis in Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Fatty Liver Disease

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(9), P. 3988 - 3988

Published: April 23, 2025

Liver Sinusoidal Endothelial Cells (LSECs) play a crucial role in maintaining liver homeostasis, regulating immune responses, and fibrosis diseases. This review explores the unique functions of LSECs pathology, particularly their roles tolerance, antigen presentation, modulation hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) during fibrosis. act as key regulators balance by preventing excessive activation while also filtering antigens interacting with cells, including Kupffer T cells. Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Fatty Disease(MAFLD) is significant because it can lead to advanced dysfunction, such cirrhosis cancer. The prevalence Associated Steatohepatitis (MASH) increasing globally, United States, closely linked rising rates obesity type 2 diabetes. Early diagnosis intervention are vital prevent severe outcomes, highlighting importance studying disease. However, chronic diseases, undergo leading capillarization, loss fenestrations, promotion pro-fibrotic signaling pathways Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β), which subsequently activates HSCs contributes progression discusses dynamic interaction between LSECs, HSCs, other emphasizing how changes LSEC phenotype contribute scarring Furthermore, highlights potential therapeutic targets for modulating responses By restoring LSECs’ function targeting associated novel therapies could be developed halt or reverse disease progression. findings this reinforce pathology suggest that they hold promises future treatment strategies aimed at addressing

Language: Английский

---

Organoid Vascularization: Strategies and Applications

Advanced Healthcare Materials, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 26, 2025

Abstract Organoids provide 3D structures that replicate native tissues in biomedical research. The development of vascular networks within organoids enables oxygen and nutrient delivery while facilitating metabolic waste removal, which supports organoid growth maturation. Recent studies demonstrate vascularized models offer insights into tissue interactions promote regeneration. However, the current limitations establishing functional affect growth, viability, clinical translation potential. This review examines organoids, including mechanisms angiogenesis vasculogenesis, construction strategies, applications. approaches are categorized vivo vitro methods, with analysis their specific advantages limitations. also discusses emerging techniques such as bioprinting gene editing for improving vascularization integration organoid‐based therapies. Current developments indicate potential applications modeling human diseases developing therapeutic contributing to advances translational

Language: Английский

---

Microvascularization in 3D Human Engineered Tissue and Organoids

Annual Review of Biomedical Engineering, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 27(1), P. 473 - 498

Published: May 1, 2025

The microvasculature, a complex network of small blood vessels, connects systemic circulation with local tissues, facilitating the nutrient and oxygen exchange that is critical for homeostasis organ function. Engineering these structures paramount advancing tissue regeneration, disease modeling, drug testing. However, replicating intricate architecture native vascular systems-characterized by diverse vessel diameters, cellular constituents, dynamic perfusion capabilities-presents significant challenges. This complexity compounded need to precisely integrate biomechanical, biochemical, cues. Recent breakthroughs in microfabrication, organoids, bioprinting, organ-on-a-chip platforms, vivo vascularization techniques have propelled field toward faithfully complexity. These innovations not only enhance our understanding biology but also enable generation functional, perfusable constructs. Here, we explore state-of-the-art technologies strategies microvascular engineering, emphasizing key advancements addressing remaining challenges developing fully functional vascularized tissues.

Language: Английский

---

From organoids to organoids-on-a-chip: Current applications and challenges in biomedical research

Chinese Medical Journal, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 25, 2025

Abstract The high failure rates in clinical drug development based on animal models highlight the urgent need for more representative human biomedical research. In response to this demand, organoids and organ chips were integrated greater physiological relevance dynamic, controlled experimental conditions. This innovative platform—the organoids-on-a-chip technology—shows great promise disease modeling, discovery, personalized medicine, attracting interest from researchers, clinicians, regulatory authorities, industry stakeholders. review traces evolution organoids-on-a-chip, driven by necessity advanced biological models. We summarize applications of simulating pathological phenotypes therapeutic evaluation technology. section highlights how integrating technologies chips, such as microfluidic systems, mechanical stimulation, sensor integration, optimizes organoid cell types, spatial structure, functions, thereby expanding their applications. conclude addressing current challenges offering insights into prospects. advancement is poised enhance fidelity, standardization, scalability. Furthermore, integration cutting-edge interdisciplinary collaborations will be crucial progression

Language: Английский

---

Organoids-on-a-chip: microfluidic technology enables culture of organoids with enhanced tissue function and potential for disease modeling

Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: March 11, 2025

Organoids are stem-cell derived tissue structures mimicking specific structural and functional characteristics of human organs. Despite significant advancements in the field over last decade, challenges like limited long-term culture lack maturation hampering implementation organoids biomedical research. Culture microfluidic chips is being used to tackle these through dynamic precise control organoid microenvironment. This review highlights breakthroughs that have been made innovative “organoids-on-chip,” demonstrating how contributed advancing models. We focus on incorporation representative for various tissues into discuss latest findings multi-organoids-on-chip approaches. Additionally, we examine current limitations towards development reproducible organoids-on-chip systems. Finally, potential technology both vitro vivo applications.

Language: Английский

---