Integrated approaches to maximizing maize resistance to fall armyworm

CABI Reviews, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 20, 2025

Abstract Fall armyworm (FAW) is a serious pest of maize causing major yield loss throughout the world. FAW management not easy primarily due to its ability migrate into areas lacking resistant cultivars, lack diapause, and evolving resistance control measures. Here, we discuss genetics both deployment genetic including historical breeding efforts, transgenic Bt traits, gene identification studies promote marker-assisted selection, various recent advancements accelerate improvement such as genome editing, genomic high throughput phenotyping, RNAi. can also be achieved using an integrated approach. Challenges IPM include climate change, complex cropping systems wide range hosts for FAW. We suggest that multinational cooperative public private research will needed create insect (IIRM) approach tying together crop, pest, predators; agronomic monitoring methods; changing environment. This give breeders time use advanced plant techniques deploy cultivars with stress resilience, stability grain quality.

Language: Английский

Fall armyworm threatens Asian rice security: A review of sustainable management strategies

CABI Reviews, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 19, 2025

Abstract Rice ( Oryza sativa L.), a primary staple food for billions of people worldwide, faces growing threat from the invasive fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith), in Asia. Given predominance small-scale farmers Asian rice production, which accounts over two-thirds global output, region is highly vulnerable to FAW infestations. The FAW’s rapid reproduction, extensive dispersal capabilities, and remarkable adaptability pose significant risks, with potential substantial yield losses comparable those observed other crops. Recent reports highlight concerning host shift corn-specialized strain towards cultivation Beyond direct losses, infestations can lead excessive use pesticides, posing serious threats human health environment safety. Effective sustainable management crucial ensuring long-term agricultural sustainability. Control strategies encompass diverse range approaches, including cultural techniques, biological methods, chemical interventions, habitat manipulation. absence varieties resistant underscores urgent need accelerated development through genetic engineering. Cultural control practices, such as staggered planting, deep tillage, crop rotation non-host species, improved field sanitation, effectively reduce populations. While promising, methods like trap cropping push-pull require further validation systems. Biological measures utilize natural predators, big-eyed bugs ground beetles, parasitoids Telenomus remus Campoletis sonorensis . Additionally, entomopathogenic agents Metarhizium rileyi , Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt), Beauveria bassiana offer environmentally alternatives insecticides. synthetic insecticides remain an essential component management, increasing prevalence pesticide resistance associated economic necessitate eco-friendly solutions. multiple insecticide classes robust strategies. This review emphasizes critical role integrated pest (IPM) combating Asia, advocating balanced approach that prioritises control, effective judicious insecticides, mitigate damage ensure security region.

Language: Английский

Understanding climate change response of plant–insect herbivore interactions from ecological traits

Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 144(1)

Published: Dec. 1, 2024

Abstract The interactions between plants and insect herbivores play crucial roles in ecosystem functions services. Ongoing climate change can affect these through different mechanisms either directly or indirectly. In this review, we outline key ecological traits which organisms respond to change. These include morphology, physiology, chemistry for plants, behaviour insects. We highlight how the responses of those a changing might consequently herbivory. propose questions that need be addressed each perspective plant traits, suggest novel approaches answering questions. Looking forwards, fruitful areas exploration underlying plant–insect herbivore changes from trait-based approaches.

Language: Английский