
International Journal of Energy Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 2025(1)
Published: Jan. 1, 2025
Ternary hybrid nanofluids (THNFs) are modern fluids introduced to enhance the performance of conventional (HNFs). Their unique properties make them suitable for diverse applications, ranging from heat exchangers advanced industrial and medical treatments. Due practical applications innovative features THNFs, this paper aims analyze these improve efficiency devices. The THNF is formulated by adding nanoparticles three different kinds aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3 ), silicon dioxide (SiO copper (Cu) into water (H O) based ethylene glycol (C H 6 ). momentum equation considering influences Darcy Forchheimer, permeability, magnetic field. Thermal radiation, intermolecular friction force, Joule heating effects accounted in thermal field equation. Mass concentration relation acquired binary chemical reaction activation energy (AE). Additionally, influence stratifications (thermal solutal) at boundary cylinder considered. physical phenomenon representing partial differential equations reduced ordinary ones utilizing transformations then solved via Runge–Kutta Fehlberg (RKF‐45) numerical scheme Mathematics. Influence involved sundry variables on HNF velocity, field, mass concentration, surface drag force (skin coefficient), mass, transfer rates were examined. results showed that velocity fields decay through porosity, Hartman number. improves radiation parameter, Eckert number, Local rate upsurges versus curvature variable Prandtl
Language: Английский