Sleep, plasticity, and sensory neurodevelopment

Neuron, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 110(20), P. 3230 - 3242

Published: Sept. 8, 2022

Language: Английский

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Balance of activity during a critical period tunes a developing network

eLife, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: Jan. 9, 2024

Developing neural circuits are influenced by activity and especially sensitive to changes in during critical periods (CPs) of development. Changes occurring a CP often become ‘locked in’ so that they affect the mature network. Indeed, several neurodevelopmental disorders have been linked excessive such periods. It is, therefore, important identify those aspects circuit development CP. In this study, we take advantage genetic tractability Drosophila show perturbation an embryonic permanently alters properties locomotor circuit. Specific include increased synchronicity motoneuron greater strengthening excitatory over inhibitory synaptic drive motoneurons. These sufficient reduce network robustness, evidenced sensitivity induced seizure. We also can rescue these when is mitigated inhibition provided mechanosensory neurons. Similarly, demonstrate dose-dependent relationship between experienced extent which it possible hyperexcitable phenotype characteristic para bss mutation. This suggests developing must be exposed properly balanced sum excitation achieve normal function. Our results, provide novel insight into how shapes specific elements circuit, period integrated tune environment will likely

Language: Английский

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Characterizing stage-dependent neuromotor patterns in Drosophila melanogaster larvae through a graph construction approach

Frontiers in Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 19

Published: March 20, 2025

We investigated developmental changes in neuromotor activity patterns Drosophila melanogaster larvae by combining calcium imaging with a novel graph-based mathematical framework. This allows to perform relevant quantitative comparisons between first (L1) and early third (L3) instar larvae. found that L1 exhibit higher frequencies of spontaneous neural fail propagate, indicating less mature system. In contrast, L3 show efficient initiation propagation along the entire ventral nerve cord (VNC), resulting longer chains. The time chain VNC is shorter than L3, probably reflecting increased length VNC. On other hand, peristaltic waves through whole body during locomotion much faster L1, so correlating velocities greater dispersal rates. Hence, VNC-body interaction determines characteristics crawling Further, asymmetrical neuronal activity, predominantly anterior segments larvae, was associated turning behaviors enhanced navigation. These findings illustrate proposed model provides systematic method analyze across stages, for instance, helping uncover maturation stages circuits their role locomotion.

Language: Английский

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Modulation of a critical period for motor development in Drosophila by BK potassium channels

Current Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 34(15), P. 3488 - 3505.e3

Published: July 24, 2024

Language: Английский

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Balance of activity during a critical period tunes a developing network

eLife, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: Oct. 4, 2023

Developing neural circuits are influenced by activity and especially sensitive to changes in during critical periods (CPs) of development. Changes occurring a CP often become 'locked in' so that they affect the mature network. Indeed, several neurodevelopmental disorders have been linked excessive such periods. It is, therefore, important identify those aspects circuit development CP. In this study, we take advantage genetic tractability Drosophila show perturbation an embryonic permanently alters properties locomotor circuit. Specific include increased synchronicity motoneuron greater strengthening excitatory over inhibitory synaptic drive motoneurons. These sufficient reduce network robustness, evidenced sensitivity induced seizure. We also can rescue these when is mitigated inhibition provided mechanosensory neurons. Similarly, demonstrate dose-dependent relationship between experienced extent which it possible hyperexcitable phenotype characteristic parabss mutation. This suggests developing must be exposed properly balanced sum excitation achieve normal function. Our results, provide novel insight into how shapes specific elements circuit, period integrated tune environment will likely

Language: Английский

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Critical periods in Drosophila neural network development: Importance to network tuning and therapeutic potential

Frontiers in Physiology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: Dec. 2, 2022

Critical periods are phases of heightened plasticity that occur during the development neural networks. Beginning with pioneering work Hubel and Wiesel, which identified a critical period for formation ocular dominance in mammalian visual network connectivity, have been many circuits, both sensory motor, across phyla, suggesting universal phenomenon. However, key unanswered question remains why these forms restricted to specific developmental rather than being continuously present. The consequence this temporal restriction is activity perturbations can lasting significant functional consequences mature From perspective, might enable reproducibly robust function emerge from ensembles cells, whose properties necessarily variable fluctuating. also offer clinical opportunity. Imposed perturbation has shown remarkable beneficial outcomes range animal models neurological disease including epilepsy. In review, we spotlight recent identification locomotor Drosophila larva describe how studying model organism, because its simplified nervous system an almost complete wired connectome, offers attractive prospect understanding impacts neuronal network.

Language: Английский

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Developmentally Unique Cerebellar Processing Prioritizes Self- over Other-Generated Movements

Journal of Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 44(19), P. e2345232024 - e2345232024

Published: April 8, 2024

Animals must distinguish the sensory consequences of self-generated movements (reafference) from those other-generated (exafference). Only entail production motor copies (i.e., corollary discharges), which are compared with reafference in cerebellum to compute predictive or internal models movement. Internal emerge gradually over first three postnatal weeks rats through a process that is not yet fully understood. Previously, we demonstrated day (P) 8 and P12 precerebellar nuclei convey discharge during active (REM) sleep when pups produce limb twitches. Here, recording deep cerebellar nucleus (interpositus, IP) both sexes, reafferent exafferent responses twitches stimulations, respectively. As expected, most IP units showed robust However, contrast other structures throughout brain, relatively few responses. Upon finding occurred under urethane anesthesia, hypothesized inhibits cortical cells, thereby disinhibiting IP. In support this hypothesis, ablating tissue dorsal mimicked effects on exafference. Finally, results suggest twitch-related conveyed simultaneously parallel cortex Based these results, propose provide opportunities for nascent integrate somatotopically organized reafference, enabling development closed-loop circuits and, subsequently, models.

Language: Английский

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Steering From the Rear: Coordination of Central Pattern Generators Underlying Navigation by Ascending Interneurons

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: June 17, 2024

ABSTRACT Understanding how animals coordinate movements to achieve goals is a fundamental pursuit in neuroscience. Here we explore neurons that reside posterior lower-order regions of locomotor system project anterior higher-order influence steering and navigation. We characterized the anatomy functional role population ascending interneurons ventral nerve cord Drosophila larvae. Through electron microscopy reconstructions light microscopy, determined cholinergic 19f cells receive input primarily from premotor synapse upon diverse array postsynaptic targets within segments including other cells. Calcium imaging activity isolated central nervous (CNS) preparations relation motor revealed are recruited into most larval programmes. lags behind neuron as population, encode spatio-temporal patterns CNS. Optogenetic manipulations cell CNS they pattern generators underlying exploratory headsweeps forward locomotion context location specific manner. In behaving animals, activating suppressed slowed locomotion, while inhibition potentiated headsweeps, slowing movement. Inhibiting ultimately affected ability larvae remain vicinity an odor source during olfactory navigation task. Overall, our findings provide insights monitor shape interactions amongst rhythm complex navigational tasks.

Language: Английский

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A microRNA that controls the emergence of embryonic movement

eLife, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: March 20, 2024

Movement is a key feature of animal systems, yet its embryonic origins are not fully understood. Here, we investigate the genetic basis underlying onset movement in Drosophila focusing on role played by small non-coding RNAs (microRNAs, miRNAs). To this end, first develop quantitative behavioural pipeline capable tracking large populations fly embryos, and using system, discover that miRNA miR-2b-1 plays emergence movement. Through combination spectral analysis motor patterns, cell sorting RNA situs, reconstitution tests, neural optical imaging define influences exerting actions developing nervous system. Furthermore, through bioinformatics coupled to manipulation expression phenocopy tests identify previously uncharacterised (but evolutionarily conserved) chloride channel encoding gene – which term Mo vement Modula tor ( Motor ) as target mechanistically links Cell-specific null mutant background, followed assays analyses, suggest affects effects sensory elements circuitry, rather than domain. Our work thus reports system regulating movement, suggesting other miRNAs likely play developmental process well species.

Language: Английский

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Drosophila males require the longitudinal stretch receptors to tremulate their abdomen and produce substrate-borne signals during courtship

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 14, 2024

Abstract Substrate-borne cues are important species-specific signals that widely used during courtship of many animals, from arthropods to vertebrates. They allow mating partners communicate with, recognise and choose one another. Animals often produce substrate-borne by vibrating a body part, such as the abdomen. During Drosophila courtship, vibrations generated male’s regular up-and-down abdominal tremulations these must be precisely controlled an effective specific signal. The immobilise female, therefore facilitating copulation. It is not known how nervous system regulates this tremulation. Here, we demonstrate role for dorsal longitudinal stretch receptors (LSR), which include bipolar dendritic (dbd) neurons. These neurons set conserved proprioceptors found throughout Insecta. We show impairing function dbd through general inhibition results in males exhibiting high level arhythmic movements (referred bobbing) decreased Strikingly, causes failure females’ response courtship. depleting mechanosensitive ion channel TRPA1 (but Piezo) leads similar increase bobbing movements. Thus, identify key molecular player necessary perform mode communication.

Language: Английский

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