Protracted development of motor cortex constrains rich interpretations of infant cognition

Trends in Cognitive Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 27(3), P. 233 - 245

Published: Jan. 20, 2023

Language: Английский

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Sleep, plasticity, and sensory neurodevelopment

Neuron, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 110(20), P. 3230 - 3242

Published: Sept. 8, 2022

Language: Английский

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Motor learning without movement

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 119(30)

Published: July 19, 2022

Prediction errors guide many forms of learning, providing teaching signals that help us improve our performance. Implicit motor adaptation, for instance, is thought to be driven by sensory prediction (SPEs), which occur when the expected and observed consequences a movement differ. Traditionally, SPE computation require execution. However, recent work suggesting brain can generate predictions based on imagery or planning alone calls this assumption into question. Here, measuring implicit adaptation during visuomotor task, we tested whether well-timed feedback are sufficient adaptation. Human participants were cued reach target were, subset trials, rapidly withhold these movements. Errors displayed both trials with without movements induced single-trial Learning following persisted even had never been paired direction trajectories decoupled. These observations indicate compute drive generating overt movements, leading commands not overtly produced.

Language: Английский

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Cerebellar Functions Beyond Movement and Learning

Annual Review of Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 47(1), P. 145 - 166

Published: April 25, 2024

The cerebellum has a well-established role in controlling motor functions, including coordination, posture, and the learning of skilled movements. mechanisms for how it carries out behavior remain under intense investigation. Interestingly though, recent years cerebellar function have faced additional scrutiny since nonmotor behaviors may also be controlled by cerebellum. With such complexity arising, there is now pressing need to better understand structure, function, intersect influence that are dynamically called upon as an animal experiences its environment. Here, we discuss experimental work frames possible neural shapes disparate why dysfunction catastrophic hereditary acquired conditions—both nonmotor. For these reasons, might ideal therapeutic target.

Language: Английский

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Glutamatergic cerebellar neurons differentially contribute to the acquisition of motor and social behaviors

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: May 15, 2023

Abstract Insults to the developing cerebellum can cause motor, language, and social deficits. Here, we investigate whether developmental insults different cerebellar neurons constrain ability acquire cerebellar-dependent behaviors. We perturb cortical or nuclei neuron function by eliminating glutamatergic neurotransmission during development, then measure motor behaviors in early postnatal adult mice. Altering impacts control vocalizations. Normalizing but not restores while deficits remain impaired adults. In contrast, manipulating only a subset of leaves intact leads that are restored adulthood. Our data uncover from differentially acquisition behaviors, brain compensate for some all perturbations cerebellum.

Language: Английский

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Open-ended movements structure sensorimotor information in early human development

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 120(1)

Published: Dec. 27, 2022

Human behaviors, with whole-body coordination, involve large-scale sensorimotor interaction. Spontaneous bodily movements in the early developmental stage potentially lead toward acquisition of such coordinated behavior. These presumably contribute to structuration interaction, providing specific regularities bidirectional information among muscle activities and proprioception. Whether how spontaneous movements, despite being task-free, structure organize interactions entire body during development remain unknown. Herein, address these issues, we gained insights into process interaction neonates 3-mo-old infants. By combining detailed motion capture musculoskeletal simulation, flows proprioception throughout were obtained. Subsequently, extracted spatial modules temporal state flows. Our approach demonstrated that elicited body-dependent modules, revealing age-related changes them, depending on combination or direction. The also displayed non-random fluctuations analogous those seen cerebral cortex spinal cord. Furthermore, found recurring sequence patterns across multiple participants, characterized by a substantial increase infants compared neonates. Therefore, induce spatiotemporal subsequent changes. results implicated open-ended emerging from certain neural substrate, regulate through embodiment behaviors. findings provide conceptual linkage between neuronal activity terms characteristics.

Language: Английский

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Activity in developing prefrontal cortex is shaped by sleep and sensory experience

eLife, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: Feb. 6, 2023

In developing rats, behavioral state exerts a profound modulatory influence on neural activity throughout the sensorimotor system, including primary motor cortex (M1). We hypothesized that similar state-dependent modulation occurs in prefrontal cortical areas with which M1 forms functional connections. Here, using 8- and 12-day-old rats cycling freely between sleep wake, we record M1, secondary (M2), medial (mPFC). At both ages all three areas, increased during active (AS) compared wake. Also, regardless of state, periods when limbs were moving. The movement-related M2 mPFC, like is driven by sensory feedback. Our results, diverge from those previous studies anesthetized pups, demonstrate AS-dependent responsivity extend to cortex. These findings expand range possible factors shaping activity-dependent development higher-order areas.

Language: Английский

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Infant vocal productions coincide with body movements

Developmental Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 27(4)

Published: March 3, 2024

Abstract Producing recognizable words is a difficult motor task; one‐syllable word can require the coordination of over 80 muscles. Thus, it not surprising that development productions in infancy lags considerably behind receptive language and known limiting factor development. A large literature has focused on vocal apparatus, its articulators, There been limited study relations between non‐speech skills quality early speech productions. Here we present evidence spontaneous vocalizations 9‐ to 24‐month‐old infants recruit extraneous, synergistic co‐activations hand head movements temporal precision co‐activation extraneous muscle groups tightens with age improved recognizability speech. These results implicate an interaction produce other body provide new empirical pathways for understanding role acquisition. Research Highlights The movements. these during production tighten recognition. producing

Language: Английский

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Purkinje cell dysfunction causes disrupted sleep in ataxic mice

Disease Models & Mechanisms, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 17(6)

Published: April 2, 2024

ABSTRACT Purkinje cell dysfunction disrupts movement and causes disorders such as ataxia. Recent evidence suggests that may also alter sleep regulation. Here, we used an ataxic mouse model generated by silencing neurotransmission (L7Cre;Vgatfx/fx) to better understand how cerebellar impacts physiology. We focused our analysis on architecture electrocorticography (ECoG) patterns based their relevance extracting physiological measurements during sleep. found circadian activity was unaltered in the mutant mice, although parameters ECoG were modified. The L7Cre;Vgatfx/fx mice had decreased wakefulness rapid eye (REM) sleep, whereas non-REM increased. mutants extended latency REM which is observed human patients with Spectral of signals revealed alterations power distribution across different frequency bands defining Therefore, influence equilibrium distinct stages Our findings posit a connection between disrupted underscore importance examining circuit function disorders.

Language: Английский

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Sensation is dispensable for the maturation of the vestibulo-ocular reflex

Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 387(6729), P. 85 - 90

Published: Jan. 2, 2025

Vertebrates stabilize gaze using a neural circuit that transforms sensed instability into compensatory counterrotation of the eyes. Sensory feedback tunes this vestibulo-ocular reflex throughout life. We studied functional development components in larval zebrafish, with and without sensation. Blind fish normally, responses to body tilts mature before behavior. In contrast, synapses between motor neurons eye muscles time course similar behavioral maturation. Larvae vestibular sensory experience, but neuromuscular junctions, had strong reflex. Development junction, not therefore determines rate maturation an ancient

Language: Английский

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