The regulation of glutamatergic nervous system in sleep-wake states and general anesthesia

Brain Research Bulletin, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 111220 - 111220

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Drug-induced versus non-pharmacological wakefulness: similar or different states? A whole brain analysis in TRAP2 transgenic mice

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 29, 2025

Abstract A large body of data indicate that the aminergic, cholinergic and hypocretin/orexin neurons are responsible for inducing wakefulness. However, recent showed other systems might also play a key role. Further, wakefulness induced by different drugs versus non-pharmacological means could be generated populations neurons. To address these questions, we evaluated at whole brain level in same mice using TRAP2 model whether were activated wake-inducing modafinil solriamfetol wake. Our results show several subcortical structures such as bed nucleus stria terminalis, central amygdalar nucleus, paraventricular hypothalamic thalamic supraoptic nuclei, lateral parabrachial reticular area (including its noradrenergic neurons) significantly more than In contrast, second category including orexin neurons, parasubthalamic laterodorsal tegmental strongly all types some classical wake like dopaminergic ventral or dorsal raphe locus coeruleus either very poorly not activated. These reveal many previously involved role regulating state recruited particularly relevant pathologies hypersomnia. They open new era study mechanisms

Language: Английский

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Central amygdala somatostatin neurons modulate stress-induced sleep-onset insomnia

Communications Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 8(1)

Published: March 6, 2025

Sleep-onset insomnia, characterized by difficulty falling asleep, is linked to increased health risks. Previous studies have shown that the central amygdala (CeA) plays a crucial role in stress regulation, with somatostatin neurons CeA (CeASST+) involved adaptive responses. However, of CeASST+ stress-induced sleep-onset insomnia remains unclear. In this study, we found activity closely associated stressful events using fiber photometry mice. Acute optogenetic activation induced rapid transition from non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep wakefulness. Semi-chronic and chemogenetic led prolonged latency Chemogenetic inhibition these ameliorated stimuli, but did not affect sleep-wake behavior under physiological conditions. Collectively, our results suggested are key neural substrate for modulating without influencing sleep. These findings highlight as promising target treating stress-related clinical practice.

Language: Английский

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The paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus: a key node in the control of behavioural states

The Journal of Physiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 22, 2025

Abstract The paraventricular nucleus (PVN) of the hypothalamus contains diverse populations neuropeptide‐producing neurons. These include neurons that synthesise oxytocin, vasopressin, corticotropin‐releasing hormone, thyrotropin‐releasing hormone and somatostatin. While it is well established these control secretion neuroendocrine hormones, there growing evidence they also expression important homeostatic behaviours. Here we review recent data showing a critical role PVN in controlling arousal, social behaviour, defensive behaviour pain. Collectively, this suggests key node wider neural network behavioural states. image

Language: Английский

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Comparative brain-wide mapping of ketamine- and isoflurane-activated nuclei and functional networks in the mouse brain

eLife, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: July 3, 2023

Ketamine (KET) and isoflurane (ISO) are two widely used general anesthetics, yet their distinct shared neurophysiological mechanisms remain elusive. In this study, we conducted a comparative analysis of the effects KET ISO on c-Fos expression across mouse brain, utilizing hierarchical clustering c-Fos-based functional network to evaluate responses individual brain regions each anesthetic. Our findings reveal that activates wide range regions, notably in cortical subcortical nuclei involved sensory, motor, emotional, reward processing, with temporal association areas (TEa) as strong hub, suggesting top-down mechanism affecting consciousness by primarily targeting higher order networks. contrast, predominantly influences hypothalamus, impacting neuroendocrine control, autonomic function, homeostasis, locus coeruleus (LC) connector indicating bottom-up anesthetic-induced unconsciousness. both activate sensory memory cognition, motivation, well homeostatic highlighting various neural pathways. conclusion, our results highlight but overlapping ISO, enriching understanding underlying anesthesia.

Language: Английский

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In vivo recording of suprachiasmatic nucleus dynamics reveals a dominant role of arginine vasopressin neurons in circadian pacesetting

PLoS Biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 21(8), P. e3002281 - e3002281

Published: Aug. 29, 2023

The central circadian clock of the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) is a network consisting various types neurons and glial cells. Individual cells have autonomous molecular machinery cellular clock, but their intrinsic periods vary considerably. Here, we show that arginine vasopressin (AVP) set ensemble period SCN in vivo to control behavior rhythm. Artificial lengthening by deleting casein kinase 1 delta (CK1δ) whole lengthened free-running rhythm an extent similar CK1δ deletion specific AVP neurons. However, slices, PER2::LUC reporter rhythms these mice only partially transiently recapitulated lengthening, showing dissociation between shell core with instability shell. In contrast, calcium both vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) freely moving demonstrated stably behavioral upon neuron-specific deletion, without changing phase relationships each other. Furthermore, optogenetic activation acutely induced increase VIP vivo. These results indicate regulate other neurons, such as thus act primary determinant period.

Language: Английский

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Prenatal allergic inflammation in rats confers sex-specific alterations to oxytocin and vasopressin innervation in social brain regions

Hormones and Behavior, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 157, P. 105427 - 105427

Published: Sept. 22, 2023

Language: Английский

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Unraveling the Neural Circuits: Techniques, Opportunities and Challenges in Epilepsy Research

Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 44(1)

Published: March 6, 2024

Abstract Epilepsy, a prevalent neurological disorder characterized by high morbidity, frequent recurrence, and potential drug resistance, profoundly affects millions of people globally. Understanding the microscopic mechanisms underlying seizures is crucial for effective epilepsy treatment, thorough understanding intricate neural circuits vital development targeted therapies enhancement clinical outcomes. This review begins with an exploration historical evolution techniques used in studying related to epilepsy. It then provides extensive overview diverse employed this domain, discussing their fundamental principles, strengths, limitations, as well application. Additionally, synthesis multiple unveil complexity summarized. Finally, also presents associated epileptic circuits. By providing critical assessment methodologies study circuits, seeks enhance these techniques, stimulate innovative approaches unraveling epilepsy's complexities, ultimately facilitate improved treatment translation Graphical

Language: Английский

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Quiet wakefulness: the influence of intraperitoneal and intranasal oxytocin on sleep–wake behavior and neurophysiology in rats

SLEEP, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 46(7)

Published: April 11, 2023

Abstract Study Objectives Exogenous administration of the neuropeptide oxytocin exerts diverse effects on various neurobehavioral processes, including sleep and wakefulness. Since can enhance attention to social fear-related environmental cues, it should promote arousal However, as attenuate stress, reduce activity, elicit anxiolysis, might also prime brain for rest, sleep. At present, little research has comprehensively characterized neuropsychopharmacology oxytocin-induced sleep–wake behavior no reconciliation these two competing hypotheses been proposed. Methods This study explored outcomes using radiotelemetry-based polysomnography in adult male female Wistar rats. Oxytocin was administered via intraperitoneal (i.p.; 0.1, 0.3 1 mg·kg−1) intranasal (i.n.; 0.06, 1, 3 routes. Caffeine (i.p. i.n.; 10 a wake-promoting positive control. To ascertain mechanism action, pretreatment experiments with receptor (OXTR) antagonist L-368,899 5 followed by were conducted. Results In both rats, i.p. promoted quiet wakefulness at cost suppressing active wakefulness, non-rapid eye movement (NREM) rapid (REM) Several mediated OXTR binding. contrast, i.n. did not alter most any dose tested. Both caffeine demonstrated effects. Conclusions These findings help reconcile behavior: promotes wakefulness—a state restful awareness compatible oxytocin’s anxiolytic its enhancement processing complex stimuli.

Language: Английский

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Utilizing Cre-lox-based mouse genetic tools in neuroscience research

Gene Reports, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 33, P. 101825 - 101825

Published: Aug. 1, 2023

Language: Английский

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