Heat-tolerant subtropical Porites lutea may be better adapted to future climate change than tropical one in the South China Sea

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 962, P. 178381 - 178381

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Unlocking the Complex Cell Biology of Coral–Dinoflagellate Symbiosis: A Model Systems Approach

Annual Review of Genetics, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 57(1), P. 411 - 434

Published: Sept. 19, 2023

Symbiotic interactions occur in all domains of life, providing organisms with resources to adapt new habitats. A prime example is the endosymbiosis between corals and photosynthetic dinoflagellates. Eukaryotic dinoflagellate symbionts reside inside coral cells transfer essential nutrients their hosts, driving productivity most biodiverse marine ecosystem. Recent advances molecular genomic characterization have revealed symbiosis-specific genes mechanisms shared among symbiotic cnidarians. In this review, we focus on cellular processes that underpin interaction symbiont host. We discuss acquisition via phagocytosis, modulation host innate immunity, integration into cell metabolism, nutrient exchange as a fundamental aspect stable associations. emphasize importance using model systems dissect complexity endosymbiosis, which ultimately serves basis for understanding its ecology capacity face climate change.

Language: Английский

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The cellular basis of feeding-dependent body size plasticity in sea anemones

Development, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 151(20)

Published: July 9, 2024

ABSTRACT Many animals share a lifelong capacity to adapt their growth rates and body sizes changing environmental food supplies. However, the cellular molecular basis underlying this plasticity remains only poorly understood. We therefore studied how sea anemones Nematostella vectensis Aiptasia (Exaiptasia pallida) respond feeding starvation. Combining quantifications of size cell numbers with mathematical modelling, we observed that shrinkage in are exponential, stereotypic accompanied by dramatic changes numbers. Notably, rates, but not independent size. In facultatively symbiotic Aiptasia, show proliferation dependent on state. On level, found >7% all cells juveniles reversibly shift between S/G2/M G1/G0 cycle phases when fed or starved, respectively. Furthermore, demonstrate polyp TOR signalling during feeding. Altogether, provide benchmark resource for further investigating nutritional regulation multiple scales using genetic toolkit available Nematostella.

Language: Английский

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Molecular insight into reproductive toxicity and transgenerational effects of Cadmium exposure on Drosophila melanogaster

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 291, P. 117870 - 117870

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Cadmium (Cd), a widespread and serious environmental pollutant, has recently garnered increasing scientific scrutiny due to its profound adverse effects. Although the evidence for Cd-induced reproductive toxicity is well established, it remains elusive on intricate dose-response relationship underlying molecular mechanisms, especially transgenerational in animals. Here, we employed fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster) as model organism examine performance across five generations by parental exposure varying concentrations of Cd (5, 50, 500 μM). Firstly, our observations number eggs laid, pupae formed, adult flies emerged directly exposed generation (F0) confirmed dose-dependent decline fecundity. Transcriptome analysis revealed that, oxidative stress ion transport disruption F0 could underlie synaptic dysfunction impaired follicle cell development, impacting behavior oocyte fertility. Employing analysis, Wnt signaling pathway mTOR were identified early responses toxicity. Secondly, sustained detrimental effects observed at least two three after removal. At epigenetic level, perturb fecundity modulating Dnmt2 expression, pivotal regulator methylation processes. Moreover, despite phenotypic recovery F4, persistent changes indicate enduring toxicity, highlighting need vigilance against contamination long-term Collectively, findings enhance understanding effects, highlight further improve assessment multigenerational consequences contamination.

Language: Английский

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Stability of the cnidarian–dinoflagellate symbiosis is primarily determined by symbiont cell-cycle arrest

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 122(14)

Published: April 3, 2025

The cnidarian–dinoflagellate symbiosis relies on the regulation of resident symbiont populations to maintain biomass stability; however, relative importance host regulatory mechanisms [cell-cycle arrest (CC), apoptosis (AP), autophagy (AU), and expulsion (EX)] during onset maintenance is largely unknown. Here, we inoculated a symbiont-free (aposymbiotic) model cnidarian ( Exaiptasia diaphana : “Aiptasia”) with either its native Breviolum minutum or one three non-native symbionts: Symbiodinium microadriaticum , Cladocopium goreaui, Durusdinium trenchii . We then measured compared AP, AU, EX, cell-cycle phase for up year these different symbionts used discrete measurements inform comparative models population regulation. Our showed general pattern, where through AP AU reduced after onset, followed by an overshoot that requires strong response, dealt CC increased EX. As colonization progresses into maintenance, remains crucial achieving steady-state populations, our estimating regulates 10-fold more cells (60 90%) other mechanisms. Notably though, also revealed D. less tightly regulated than B. consistent trenchii’s reputation as suboptimal partner this cnidarian. Overall, suggest single do not accurately replicate observed patterns, reflecting all working concomitantly. This ultimately sheds light cell biology underpinning stability ecologically significant symbiosis.

Language: Английский

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Metabolic Shifts and Muscle Remodeling as Pro-Survival and Energy Compensation Strategies in Photosymbiotic Giant Clams after Bleaching

Environmental Science & Technology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 28, 2025

Tropical photosymbiotic giant clams are increasingly threatened by climate change, leading to widespread bleaching. Decline in density of symbionts caused mortality events symbiotic organisms; however, appear exhibit prior survival capacity against these detrimental effects. It remains unclear whether can mitigate the adverse impacts Herein, we found that bleaching after chronic heat stress induce remarkable changes and remodeling tissue clam Tridacna crocea. The structure unique muscle fibers with high collagen content, observed siphonal mantle animals, were negatively altered stress. These associated a metabolic shift from carbohydrates fatty acids amino as breakdown collagen-rich partially compensate for energy loss during Such was proposed be regulated AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling FoxO-atrogin pathways. Overall, our study highlights pro-survival mechanism through plastic regulation, which likely contributes their relatively environmental resilience

Language: Английский

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