Historic rewiring of grass flowering time pathways and implications for crop improvement under climate change DOI Creative Commons
Brittany Verrico, Jill C. Preston

New Phytologist, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Dec. 26, 2024

Summary Grasses are fundamental to human survival, providing a large percentage of our calories, fuel, and fodder for livestock, an enormous global carbon sink. A particularly important part the grass plant is grain‐producing inflorescence that develops in response both internal external signals converge at shoot tip influence meristem behavior. Abiotic trigger reproductive development vary across family, mostly due unique ecological phylogenetic histories each clade. The time it takes flower has implications its ability escape harsh environments, while also indirectly affecting abiotic stress tolerance, architecture, grain yield. Here, we synthesize recent insights into evolution flowering past climate change, focusing on genetic convergence underlying traits. We then discuss how why rewiring shared ancestral pathway affects yields, outline ways which researchers using this other information breed higher yielding, climate‐proof cereal crops.

Language: Английский

Non-cell-autonomous signaling associated with barley ALOG1 specifies spikelet meristem determinacy DOI Creative Commons
Guojing Jiang, Ravi Koppolu, Twan Rutten

et al.

Current Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 34(11), P. 2344 - 2358.e5

Published: May 22, 2024

Inflorescence architecture and crop productivity are often tightly coupled in our major cereal crops. However, the underlying genetic mechanisms controlling inflorescence development remain poorly understood. Here, we identified recessive alleles of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) HvALOG1 (Arabidopsis thaliana LSH1 Oryza G1) that produce non-canonical extra spikelets fused glumes abaxially to central spikelet from upper-mid portion until tip inflorescence. Notably, found exhibits a boundary-specific expression pattern specifically excludes reproductive meristems, implying involvement previously proposed localized signaling centers for branch regulation. Importantly, during early formation, non-cell-autonomous signals associated with may specify meristem determinacy, while boundary formation floret organs appears be coordinated cell-autonomous manner. Moreover, ALOG family members synergistically modulate morphology, predominantly governing maintenance floral organ development. We further propose spatiotemporal redundancies expressed HvALOG basal accountable proper patterning mutant plants. Our research offers new perspectives on regulatory roles transcription factors meristems inflorescences.

Language: Английский

Citations

5
Population-scale gene expression analysis reveals the contribution of expression diversity to the modern wheat improvement DOI Open Access
Zhimeng Zhang, Shengwei Ma,

Mou Yin

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 23, 2025

Abstract Changes in gene expression are crucial for crop breeding, yet population genomics has primarily focused on sequence polymorphisms rather than diversity. The strategy of using single genome reference RNA-seq analysis could not handle introgression bias, especially hexaploidy wheat. Here, we conducted 328 wheat lines, including representative diverse landraces and elite cultivars from China the United States, to investigate role variation shaping agronomic traits. Using pan-genome resources, identified 20,615 more transcripts ‘Chinese Spring’ alone. We constructed a pan-gene atlas regulatory map through eQTL analysis, demonstrating that genes introgressed wild relatives were under tight genetic control. Genes responding environmental stress show higher activity after into genome, how long-term breeding selection impacted regulation targeted introgression. Multi-omics modeling 231 high-confidence candidate 34 field traits seedling resistance phenotypes 8 powdery mildew isolates. More one fifth those candidates have no homolog genome. By utilizing indexed KN9204 EMS library, 80% showed significant trait difference between type mutant lines. Furthermore, directional shifts which changed by improvement demonstrated distinct adaptations local environments. Our study correct bias reads mapping studies revealed patterns within their mechanisms, highlighted impact world’s most important crop.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
A comprehensive analytical method ‘Regulatome’ revealed a novel pathway for aerenchyma formation under waterlogging in wheat DOI
Hao Gao,

Mingjiong Chen,

Nuo Jin

et al.

Physiologia Plantarum, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 177(2)

Published: March 1, 2025

Waterlogging is a major abiotic stress restricting crop yield globally, and aerenchyma formation one of the most important adaptive strategies in waterlogging-tolerant plants. However, conservation this process remains poorly understood, additional pathways are yet to be identified. Here, physiological, anatomical, transcriptomic, metabolomic analyses were conducted on wheat seedlings under normal waterlogging conditions. caused growth inhibition physiological damage, as well induced roots. A total 10,346 differentially expressed genes 3,419 differential metabolites identified In addition AP2/ERF (APETALA2/ETHYLENE RESPONSIVE FACTOR) gene family, integrating also revealed role LOB/AS2 (LATERAL ORGAN BOUNDARIES/ASYMMETRIC LEAVES2) waterlogging. It was that classical pathway mediated by ethylene response, synergy calcium ion reactive oxygen species, deeply conserved both monocots eudicots during 160 million years evolution through co-expression networks cross-species. The newly introduced concept 'Regulatome' supported formation, with proposed model jasmonic acid signalling involved waterlogging, suggesting its usefulness identification function exploration. These findings provide novel insight into regulatory mechanisms breeding approaches for developing cultivars high tolerance.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Transcriptome profiling reveals key genes and pathways associated with early heading in wheat–Psathyrostachys huashanica 7Ns chromosome addition line DOI Creative Commons

Binwen Tan,

Yangqiu Xie,

Hang Peng

et al.

Research Square (Research Square), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Dec. 11, 2024

Abstract Developing early-heading wheat cultivars is an important breeding strategy for saving photo-terminal resources, and facilitating the multiple-cropping systems annual grain yield. Psathyrostachys huashanica Keng (2n = 2x 14, NsNs) a potentially useful germplasm of early heading maturation improvement. In this study, we found that wheat–P. 7Ns disomic addition line, namely 18-1-5, showed earlier than its parents. Morphological observations spike differentiation revealed 18-1-5 developed distinctly faster parents from double ridge stage during development. To explore potential molecular mechanisms on heading, performed transcriptome analysis at four different developmental stages A total 10,043 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment these DEGs linked to carbohydrate metabolic process, photosynthesis, response abscisic acid, ethylene-activated signaling pathway. Kyoto Encyclopedia Genes Genomes (KEGG) mainly involved in plant hormone signal transduction (ARF, AUX/IAA, SAUR, DELLA, BRI1, ETR), starch sucrose metabolism (SUS1 TPP), photosynthesis-antenna proteins (Lhc), circadian rhythm (PRR37, FT, Hd3a, COL, CDF) pathways. addition, several annotated as transcription factors (TFs), such bHLH, bZIP, MADS-box, MYB, NAC, SBP, WRKY, NF-Y, may be related flowering time. Our results provide valuable information further studies regulatory mechanism, candidate genes, genetic resources wheat.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Cereal genetics: Novel modulators of spikelet number and flowering time DOI
Mingjiu Li, Yuling Jiao

Current Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 34(11), P. R528 - R530

Published: June 1, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

0
ALOG/LSHs, a novel class of transcription factors: Evolutionarily conserved regulators of plant growth and development DOI
Gouranga Upadhyaya,

Vishmita Sethi,

Annayasa Modak

et al.

Journal of Experimental Botany, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 76(3), P. 836 - 850

Published: Oct. 3, 2024

The ARABIDOPSIS LIGHT-DEPENDENT SHORT HYPOCOTYLS 1 and rice G1/LIGHT-DEPENDENT (ALOG/LSH) group proteins are highly conserved across plant lineages from moss to higher flowering plants, suggesting their crucial role in the evolution adaptation of land plants. ALOG/LSH is various developmental responses, such as vegetative reproductive programs. Their meristem identity, cotyledon development, seedling photomorphogenesis, leaf shoot development has been relatively well established. Moreover, several key pieces evidence suggest inflorescence architecture flower including male female organs colouration. Recent research started explore stress response. Functionally, have demonstrated act transcriptional regulators considered a newly emerging class transcription factors plants that regulate diverse physiological processes. This review aims stimulate discussion about factors. It also seeks further unravel underlying molecular mechanism by which they growth throughout lineage.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Historic rewiring of grass flowering time pathways and implications for crop improvement under climate change DOI Creative Commons
Brittany Verrico, Jill C. Preston

New Phytologist, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Dec. 26, 2024

Summary Grasses are fundamental to human survival, providing a large percentage of our calories, fuel, and fodder for livestock, an enormous global carbon sink. A particularly important part the grass plant is grain‐producing inflorescence that develops in response both internal external signals converge at shoot tip influence meristem behavior. Abiotic trigger reproductive development vary across family, mostly due unique ecological phylogenetic histories each clade. The time it takes flower has implications its ability escape harsh environments, while also indirectly affecting abiotic stress tolerance, architecture, grain yield. Here, we synthesize recent insights into evolution flowering past climate change, focusing on genetic convergence underlying traits. We then discuss how why rewiring shared ancestral pathway affects yields, outline ways which researchers using this other information breed higher yielding, climate‐proof cereal crops.

Language: Английский

Citations

0