A SARS‐CoV and SARS‐CoV‐2 RBD Heterodimer Vaccine Candidate

Journal of Medical Virology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 97(5)

Published: May 1, 2025

ABSTRACT The continuous evolution of SARS‐CoV‐2 through accumulating mutations, combined with the persistent risk zoonotic sarbecovirus transmission events, highlights critical demand for broadly protective vaccines. Building on our previous findings that a heterodimeric receptor‐binding domain (RBD) design substantially improves cross‐reactive immunogenicity in vaccine candidates, we propose this strategy as foundation developing pan‐sarbecovirus vaccines cross‐neutralizing capacity against diverse and emerging variants. In study, developed immunogen, utilizing incorporating RBDs from both SARS‐CoV SARS‐CoV‐2. Pseudovirus neutralization assays revealed mice immunized prototype (PT)‐SARS‐CoV heterodimer (PT‐SARS) 39.9‐ to 305.6‐fold higher neutralizing antibody (NAb) titers sub‐variants compared RBD homodimer (SARS‐SARS). Furthermore, PT‐SARS elicited 17.6‐ 31.2‐fold enhanced WIV1 SARS‐CoV, respectively, relative PT (PT‐PT). To address evolving Omicron sub‐variants, further updated BA.1‐SARS BA.2‐SARS immunogens. Notably, exhibited 6.2‐fold increase potency BA.2.86 PT‐SARS. Crucially, immunogen induced balanced reactive NAbs multiple sarbecoviruses, including RaTG13, Pangolin GD, variants/sub‐variants, demonstrating its potential candidate.

Language: Английский

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Presence of Equine and Bovine Coronaviruses, Endoparasites, and Bacteria in Fecal Samples of Horses with Colic

Pathogens, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(8), P. 1043 - 1043

Published: Aug. 15, 2023

Acute abdominal pain (colic) is one of the major equine health threats worldwide and often necessitates intensive veterinary medical care surgical intervention. Equine coronavirus (ECoV) infections can cause colic in horses but are rarely considered as a differential diagnosis. To determine frequency otherwise undetected ECoV with acute colic, fresh fecal samples 105 36 healthy control were screened for viruses belonging to Betacoronavirus 1 species by RT-PCR well gastrointestinal helminths bacteria commonly associated colic. Horses excreted significantly fewer strongyle eggs than without The prevalence anaerobic, spore-forming, gram-positive (Clostridium perfringens Clostridioides difficile) was higher feces Six (5.7%) horse from group (2.8%) tested positive Betacoronaviruses. Coronavirus-positive sequenced classify virus molecular phylogeny (N gene). Interestingly, three out six coronavirus-positive sequences closely related bovine coronaviruses (BCoV) found. pathogenic potential BCoV remains unclear warrants further investigation.

Language: Английский

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Detection of Gastrointestinal Pathogens with Zoonotic Potential in Horses Used in Free-Riding Activities during a Countrywide Study in Greece

Animals, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(17), P. 2566 - 2566

Published: Sept. 3, 2024

The objectives of this study were (a) to detect zoonotic gastrointestinal pathogens in faecal samples horses using the FilmArray® GI Panel and (b) identify variables potentially associated with their presence. Faecal collected from 224 obtained during a countrywide Greece tested by means BioFire® Gastrointestinal (GI) Panel, which uses multiplex-PCR technology for detection 22 pathogens. detected 97 (43.3%). Zoonotic more frequently courtyard housing (56.0%) than other types (39.7%) (p = 0.040). most enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (19.2% horses) Shiga-like toxin-producing E. stx1/stx2 (13.8%). During multivariable analysis, two emerged as significant predictors outcome ‘detection at least one pathogen sample an animal’: decreasing age 0.0001) presence livestock same premises 0.013). As predictor concurrently animal’, only season sampling animals (autumn) analysis 0.049). results indicated diversity potential provided evidence infections; also, they can serve inform horse owners handlers regarding possible risk transmission potential. In addition, our findings highlight importance continuous surveillance domestic animals.

Language: Английский

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A Review of Epithelial Ion Transporters and Their Roles in Equine Infectious Colitis

Veterinary Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11(10), P. 480 - 480

Published: Oct. 7, 2024

Equine colitis is a devastating disease with high mortality rate. Infectious pathogens associated in the adult horse include

Language: Английский

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Case series report: Equine coronavirus in Australia

Australian Veterinary Journal, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Dec. 3, 2024

Background Equine Coronavirus (ECoV) can cause gastrointestinal disease and was first described in 2000 the USA followed by several international outbreak case reports. Disease manifestation is characterised vague clinical signs, including mild pyrexia, lethargy anorexia. Morbidity ranges greatly from 10% to 83%. Although uncommon, ECoV may result death secondary disruption barrier causing endotoxaemia hyperammonaemic encephalopathy. Unfortunately date, there no vaccine available prevent ECoV. Case reports Three faecal quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR)‐positive cases are that presented with severe colic signs: a 2‐year‐old Miniature Pony gelding South Australia, an 8‐year‐old Arabian Riding gelding, 6‐year‐old Warmblood mare, both Western Australia. The diagnosis based on positive qPCR, which currently gold standard diagnostic tool. All horses this series survived after medical management. anorexia signs. On day 5, pony revealed signs unresponsive analgesia along abdominal distension caecal requiring surgical intervention. Conclusion To authors' knowledge, published report of it adds description differential list

Language: Английский

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Transport-related respiratory pathogens in horses travelling long distances: A prospective study on arrival at the slaughterhouse

Research in Veterinary Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 183, P. 105498 - 105498

Published: Dec. 7, 2024

Respiratory disorders (RDs) are a common transport-related welfare consequence in horses. This prospective study described the journeys of horses transported to two slaughterhouses Italy, documented prevalence potentially RD-related pathogens, and identified possible predisposing factors. Data were recorded from arrival until 48 h after included collection Deep Nasopharyngeal Swabs (DNS), journey details assessment (n = 155). PCR was used quantify presence influenza A virus, reovirus, equine herpesvirus type 1 4, adenovirus, rhinovirus, astrovirus, coronavirus, Pasteurellaceae, Streptococcus equi sub. zooepidemicus. One horse each tested positive for rhinovirus adenovirus. The zooepidemicus Pasteurellaceae 4 %, 19 % 63 respectively. Streptococcaceae associated with sweating (P < 0.001). In addition, abnormal demeanour 0.003), nasal or ocular discharge 0.001) higher compromised transport multivariable regression analysis showed that broken departing Eastern Europe France more likely test than unbroken coming Poland (model P 0.001), while subjected short stops en route on without Our findings increase understanding factors RDs may be useful implementation regulations protect during transport.

Language: Английский

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Performance of a microfluidic immunofluorescence assay kit for equine influenza virus antigen detection

Journal of Equine Veterinary Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 131, P. 104956 - 104956

Published: Oct. 23, 2023

Language: Английский

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