Molecular Epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 and Correlation of its Clinical Severity with Different Biochemical Parameters: A Retrospective Study DOI Creative Commons
Maria Bibi, Braira Wahid,

Syed Sib tul Hassan Shah

et al.

BioScientific Review, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 6(1), P. 70 - 80

Published: May 9, 2024

Background Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is an infectious disease that was first identified in December 2019 Wuhan, the capital of China's Hubei province. Since then, it has spread globally, resulting ongoing SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. In Pakistan, over 1.5 million cases have been reported since February 2020 (when case reported). Method This retrospective study conducted by classifying data 136 patients into three groups, namely asymptomatic (n = 84), mild 36), and severe 16). The analyzed using IBM SPSS (version 21). Results Age gender showed a non-significant relationship with SARS-CoV-2. Biochemical markers D-DIMER, FERRITIN, CRP, PT significant results p-values 0.001, 0.048, 0.009, respectively (p<0.05). On contrary, APTT (p= 0.146). Conclusion It concluded biochemical parameters seen as best prediction to gauge infection severity. Furthermore, this research established correlation severity also highlighted use these biomarkers diagnostic therapeutic biomarkers.

Language: Английский

What makes SARS‐CoV‐2 unique? Focusing on the spike protein DOI Creative Commons
Jingbo Qian, Shi-Chang Zhang, Fang Wang

et al.

Cell Biology International, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 48(4), P. 404 - 430

Published: Jan. 23, 2024

Abstract Severe acute respiratory syndrome‐related coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) seriously threatens public health and safety. Genetic variants determine the expression of SARS‐CoV‐2 structural proteins, which are associated with enhanced transmissibility, virulence, immune escape. Vaccination is encouraged as a intervention, different types vaccines used worldwide. However, new continue to emerge, especially Omicron complex, neutralizing antibody responses diminished significantly. In this review, we outlined uniqueness from three perspectives. First, described detailed structure spike (S) protein, highly susceptible mutations contributes distinct infection cycle virus. Second, systematically summarized immunoglobulin G epitopes highlighted central role nonconserved regions S protein in adaptive Third, provided an overview targeting discussed impact on vaccine effectiveness. The characterization identification genomic organization will help elucidate its mechanisms viral mutation provide basis for selection optimal treatments. leaps advancements regarding improved diagnosis, targeted therapeutic remedies sound evidence showing that scientific understanding, research, technology evolved at pace pandemic.

Language: Английский

Citations

12
Comprehensive Overview of Broadly Neutralizing Antibodies against SARS-COV-2 Variants DOI Open Access

Lingyan Cui,

Tingting Li,

Wenhui Xue

et al.

Published: April 10, 2024

Currently, SARS-CoV-2 has evolved into various variants, including the numerous highly mutated Omicron sub-lineages, significantly increasing immune evasion ability. The development raises concerns about possibly diminished effectiveness of available vaccines and antibody-based therapeutics. Here, we describe those representative categories broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) that retain prominent against emerging variants sub-lineages. molecular characteristics, epitope conservation, resistance mechanisms these are further detailed, aiming to offer suggestion or direction for therapeutic antibodies, facilitate vaccine design with broad-spectrum potential.

Language: Английский

Citations

6
Exigency of Plant-Based Vaccine against COVID-19 Emergence as Pandemic Preparedness DOI Creative Commons
Anirudha Chattopadhyay,

A. Abdul Kader Jailani,

Bikash Mandal

et al.

Vaccines, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(8), P. 1347 - 1347

Published: Aug. 9, 2023

After two years since the declaration of COVID-19 as a pandemic by World Health Organization (WHO), more than six million deaths have occurred due to SARS-CoV-2, leading an unprecedented disruption global economy. Fortunately, within year, wide range vaccines, including pathogen-based inactivated and live-attenuated replicating non-replicating vector-based nucleic acid (DNA mRNA)-based protein-based subunit virus-like particle (VLP)-based been developed mitigate severe impacts pandemic. These vaccines proven highly effective in reducing severity illness preventing deaths. However, availability supply become issue prioritization vaccine distribution most countries. Additionally, virus continues mutate spread, questions arisen regarding effectiveness against new strains SARS-CoV-2 that can evade host immunity. The urgent need for booster doses enhance immunity has recognized. scarcity “safe effective” exacerbated inequalities terms coverage. development fallen short expectations set forth 2020 2021. Furthermore, equitable at national levels remains challenge, particularly developing In such circumstances, exigency plant virus-based apparent means overcome shortages through fast manufacturing processes enable quick convenient millions people without reliance on cold chain system. Moreover, demonstrated both safety efficacy eliciting robust cellular immunogenicity pathogens. This review aims shed light advantages disadvantages different types provide update current status plant-based fight

Language: Английский

Citations

13
Vaccination, immunity, and the changing impact of COVID-19 on infant health DOI Creative Commons
Florencia Torche, Jenna Nobles

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 120(49)

Published: Nov. 27, 2023

In utero exposure to COVID-19 infection may lead large intergenerational health effects. The impact of has likely evolved since the onset pandemic as new variants emerge, immunity from prior increases, vaccines become available, and vaccine hesitancy persists, such that

Language: Английский

Citations

12
Comprehensive Overview of Broadly Neutralizing Antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 Variants DOI Creative Commons

Lingyan Cui,

Tingting Li,

Wenhui Xue

et al.

Viruses, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(6), P. 900 - 900

Published: June 1, 2024

Currently, SARS-CoV-2 has evolved into various variants, including the numerous highly mutated Omicron sub-lineages, significantly increasing immune evasion ability. The development raises concerns about possibly diminished effectiveness of available vaccines and antibody-based therapeutics. Here, we describe those representative categories broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) that retain prominent against emerging variants sub-lineages. molecular characteristics, epitope conservation, resistance mechanisms these are further detailed, aiming to offer suggestion or direction for therapeutic antibodies, facilitate design with broad-spectrum potential.

Language: Английский

Citations

4
Multivalent S2 subunit vaccines provide broad protection against Clade 1 sarbecoviruses in female mice DOI Creative Commons
Peter Halfmann,

Raj S. Patel,

Kathryn Loeffler

et al.

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16(1)

Published: Jan. 7, 2025

The continuing emergence of immune evasive SARS-CoV-2 variants and the previous SARS-CoV-1 outbreak collectively underscore need for broadly protective sarbecovirus vaccines. Targeting conserved S2 subunit is a particularly promising approach to elicit broad protection. Here, we describe nanoparticle vaccine displaying multiple copies subunit. This alone, or as cocktail with vaccine, protects female transgenic K18-hACE2 mice from challenges Omicron subvariant XBB well several sarbecoviruses identified having pandemic potential including bat WIV1, BANAL-236, pangolin sarbecovirus. Challenge studies in Fc-γ receptor knockout reveal that antibody-based cellular effector mechanisms play role protection elicited by these These results demonstrate our S2-based vaccines provide against clade 1 offer insight into mechanistic basis Understanding induced cross reactive immunity an important step rationale widely applicable design. Here authors use multivalent SARS-CoV-2-like SARS-CoV-1-like coronaviruses.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Machine Learning Methods Based on Chest CT for Predicting the Risk of COVID-19-Associated Pulmonary Aspergillosis DOI
Jiahao Liu, Juntao Zhang, Huaizhen Wang

et al.

Academic Radiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Structural basis for the inhibition of coronaviral main proteases by ensitrelvir DOI Creative Commons
Cheng‐Wen Lin,

Haihai Jiang,

Wenwen Li

et al.

Structure, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 31(9), P. 1016 - 1024.e3

Published: July 7, 2023

Main protease (Mpro) is a highly conserved cysteine that plays vital role in the replication of coronaviruses, making it an attractive pan-coronaviral therapeutic target. Ensitrelvir (S-217622), developed by Shionogi, first orally active non-covalent, non-peptidic SARS-CoV-2 Mpro inhibitor, which also displays antiviral efficacy against other human coronaviruses as well variants concern (VOCs) and interest (VOIs). Here, we report crystal structures main proteases from SARS-CoV-2, VOC/VOIs, SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, HCoV-NL63 bound to inhibitor S-217622. A detailed analysis these illuminates key structural determinants essential for inhibition elucidates binding modes different coronaviruses. Given importance treatment coronaviral infection, insights obtained this study could accelerate design novel antivirals with broad-spectrum

Language: Английский

Citations

9
Physicochemical effects of emerging exchanges on the spike protein's RBM of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron subvariants BA.1-BA.5 and its influence on the biological properties and attributes developed by these subvariants DOI Creative Commons
Robério Amorim de Almeida Pondé

Virology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 587, P. 109850 - 109850

Published: July 28, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

9
RNA barcode segments for SARS-CoV-2 identification from HCoVs and SARSr-CoV-2 lineages DOI Creative Commons

Changqiao You,

Shuai Jiang,

Yunyun Ding

et al.

Virologica Sinica, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 39(1), P. 156 - 168

Published: Jan. 20, 2024

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the pathogen responsible for disease 2019 (COVID-19), continues to evolve, giving rise more variants and global reinfections. Previous research has demonstrated that barcode segments can effectively cost-efficiently identify specific species within closely related populations. In this study, we designed tested RNA based on genetic evolutionary relationships facilitate efficient accurate identification of SARS-CoV-2 from extensive virus samples, including human coronaviruses (HCoVs) SARSr-CoV-2 lineages. Nucleotide sequences sourced NCBI GISAID were meticulously selected curated construct training sets, encompassing 1,733 complete genome HCoVs Through genetic-level testing, validated accuracy reliability identifying SARS-CoV-2. Subsequently, 75 main subordinate species-specific SARS-CoV-2, located in ORF1ab, S, E, ORF7a, N coding sequences, intercepted screened single-nucleotide polymorphism sites weighted scores. Post-testing, these exhibited high recall rates (nearly 100%), specificity (almost 30% at nucleotide level), precision (100%) performance identification. They eventually visualized using one two-dimensional combined barcodes deposited an online database (http://virusbarcodedatabase.top/). The successful integration barcoding technology provides valuable insights future studies involving sequence analysis. Moreover, cost-effective approach also reference endeavors surveillance.

Language: Английский

Citations

3