Small,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: April 25, 2025
Abstract
Wide‐bandgap
(WBG)
perovskites
are
critical
for
advancing
tandem
solar
cell
technology,
yet
their
fabrication
remains
constrained
by
narrow
processing
windows
and
environmental
instability.
A
synergistic
alkylammonium
salt
additive
strategy
coupled
with
a
mild
gas‐flow‐assisted
crystallization
method
is
presented
to
produce
ambient‐air‐processed
WBG
perovskite
cells
(PSCs)
improved
reproducibility
scalability.
Co‐utilizing
long‐chain
chlorides
(xACls)
methylammonium
chloride
(MACl)
reduced
gas‐flow
speed
requirements
while
expanding
the
kinetics
window,
suppressing
non‐radiative
recombination
defects,
which
verified
fluorescence
lifetime
imaging
microscopy
(FLIM),
in
situ
UV–vis
spectroscopy,
XRD.
High‐quality
Cs
0.2
FA
0.8
PbI
2.3
Br
0.7
films
successfully
prepared
under
low
gas
flow
(≈2.7
m
s
−1
),
much
lower
than
traditional
quenching
(>26
).
made
using
12ACl/MACl
additives
yielded
champion
power
conversion
efficiency
(PCE)
of
19.72%
(
V
oc
:
1.238
V),
among
highest
PSCs
ambient
air.
This
has
advantages
high
humidity
tolerance
(PCE
>19%
20–65%
RH),
compatibility
cost‐effective
fan
drying,
elimination
anti‐solvents,
>70%
inert
intensity
reduction,
establishing
an
eco‐friendly
scalable
protocol
that
bridges
lab‐to‐industry
translation
high‐performance
PSCs.
Chemistry - Methods,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: April 30, 2025
The
development
of
high‐performance
perovskite
solar
cells
(PSCs)
and
perovskite‐based
tandem
(PTSCs)
has
attracted
significant
attention
from
researchers
owing
to
their
simple
cost‐effective
fabrication
process.
However,
careful
consideration
is
required
regarding
the
selection
charge‐transport
layers,
which
play
a
key
role
in
improving
efficiency
stability
devices.
In
p–i–n
(inverted)
PSCs,
fullerene
its
derivatives
are
widely
employed
as
electron‐transport
layers
(ETLs).
Among
them,
compatible
with
low‐temperature
vacuum‐based
cell
processes.
single
layer
tends
form
nonuniform
due
aggregation
propensity.
Furthermore,
it
struggles
withstand
damage
that
occurs
during
formation
transparent
conductive
configurations.
To
overcome
limitation
fullerene,
employing
bilayer
ETL
emerged
promising
strategy.
Therefore,
this
study,
evaporation
processes
for
ETLs
inverted
PSCs
focused
on,
emphasizing
importance
architectures
enhancing
durability
PTSCs.
discussion
highlights
material
options
examines
optimal
thickness
parameters
achieve
superior
efficiency.
By
providing
comprehensive
understanding
ETLs,
review
aims
guide
future
advancements
PTSCs
technologies.
