Cell cycle heterogeneity directs the timing of neural stem cell activation from quiescence

Science, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 360(6384), P. 99 - 102

Published: April 5, 2018

Staging quiescent cells Tissue-specific stem either divide or wait in a state until needed by the body. Quiescent have been thought to reside G 0 stage before activating reenter cell cycle. However, Otsuki and Brand now show that most Drosophila brain are arrested 2 . Cells two phases display differences; for example, awaken more quickly than cells, with conserved pseudokinase Tribbles playing regulatory role. Elucidating different pathways mechanisms underlying quiescence could help inform regenerative drug design. Science , this issue p. 99

Language: Английский

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The Drosophila surface glia transcriptome: evolutionary conserved blood-brain barrier processes

Frontiers in Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2014, Volume and Issue: 8

Published: Nov. 7, 2014

Central nervous system (CNS) function is dependent on the stringent regulation of metabolites, drugs, cells, and pathogens exposed to CNS space. Cellular blood-brain barrier (BBB) structures are highly specific checkpoints governing entry exit all small molecules from brain interstitial space, but precise mechanisms that regulate BBB not well understood. In addition, has long been a challenging obstacle pharmacologic treatment diseases; thus model systems can parse functions desirable. this study, we sought define transcriptome adult Drosophila melanogaster by isolating surface glia with fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS) profiling their gene expression microarrays. By comparing these glia, neurons, whole brains, present catalog transcripts selectively enriched at BBB. We found fly show high many ATP-binding cassette (ABC) solute carrier (SLC) transporters, adhesion molecules, metabolic enzymes, signaling components xenobiotic metabolism pathways. Using sequence-based alignments, compare Murine transcriptomes discover shared chemoprotective molecule control pathways, affirming relevance invertebrate models for studying evolutionary conserved properties. The valuable vertebrate insect biologists alike as resource proteins underlying diffusion development maintenance, glial biology, drug transport tissue barriers.

Language: Английский

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Single cell transcriptome atlas of the Drosophila larval brain

eLife, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 8

Published: Nov. 20, 2019

Cell diversity of the brain and how it is affected by starvation, remains largely unknown. Here, we introduce a single cell transcriptome atlas entire Drosophila first instar larval brain. We assigned cell-type identity based on known marker genes, distinguishing five major groups: neural progenitors, differentiated neurons, glia, undifferentiated neurons non-neural cells. All classes were further subdivided into multiple subtypes, revealing biological features various cell-types. assessed transcriptional changes in response to starvation at single-cell level. While after composition unaffected, profile several clusters changed. Intriguingly, different cell-types show very distinct responses suggesting presence cell-specific programs for nutrition availability. Establishing provides powerful tool explore assess genetic profiles from developmental, functional behavioral perspectives.

Language: Английский

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The Systemic Control of Growth

Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. a019117 - a019117

Published: Aug. 10, 2015

Laura Boulan1,2,3, Marco Milán4 and Pierre Léopold1,2,3 1University of Nice-Sophia Antipolis, 06108 Nice, France 2CNRS, University 3INSERM, 45ICREA, Parc Cientific de Barcelona, 08028 Spain Correspondence: laura.boulan{at}unice.fr; leopold{at}unice.fr

Language: Английский

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Barrier mechanisms in the Drosophila blood-brain barrier

Frontiers in Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2014, Volume and Issue: 8

Published: Dec. 16, 2014

The invertebrate blood-brain barrier field is growing at a rapid pace and, in recent years, studies have shown physiologic and molecular complexity that has begun to rival its vertebrate counterpart. Novel mechanisms of paracellular maintenance through GPCR signaling were the first demonstrations complex adaptive physiology. Building upon this work, integrity recently been require coordinated function all layers compound structure, analogous between neurovascular unit. These findings strengthen notion many are conserved vertebrates invertebrates, suggest novel model organisms will significant impact on understanding BBB functions. In vein, important roles coordinating localized systemic dictate organism development growth beginning show how can govern whole animal physiologies. This includes functions gap junctions orchestrating synchronized neuroblast proliferation, secreted antagonists insulin receptor signaling. advancements others pushing forward exciting new directions. review, we provide synopsis anatomy physiology, with focus insights from past 5 highlight areas for future study.

Language: Английский

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Signaling from Glia and Cholinergic Neurons Controls Nutrient-Dependent Production of an Insulin-like Peptide for Drosophila Body Growth

Developmental Cell, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 35(3), P. 295 - 310

Published: Nov. 1, 2015

Language: Английский

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Neuron–glia interaction in the Drosophila nervous system

Developmental Neurobiology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 81(5), P. 438 - 452

Published: Feb. 25, 2020

Abstract Animals are able to move and react in manifold ways external stimuli. Thus, environmental stimuli need be detected, information must processed, and, finally, an output decision transmitted the musculature get animal moving. All these processes depend on nervous system which comprises intricate neuronal network many glial cells. Glial cells have equally important contribution function as their counterpart. Manifold roles attributed glia ranging from controlling cell number axonal pathfinding regulation of synapse formation, function, plasticity. metabolically support neurons contribute blood–brain barrier. aforementioned aspects require extensive cell–cell interactions between Not surprisingly, found all phyla executed by evolutionarily conserved molecules. Here, we review recent advance understanding neuron–glia interaction Drosophila melanogaster suggest that work simple model organisms will shed light mammalian cells, too.

Language: Английский

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Drug Delivery to the Brain: Recent Advances and Unmet Challenges

Pharmaceutics, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(12), P. 2658 - 2658

Published: Nov. 23, 2023

Brain cancers and neurodegenerative diseases are on the rise, treatments for central nervous system (CNS) remain limited. Despite significant advancement in drug development technology with emerging biopharmaceuticals like gene therapy or recombinant protein, clinical translational rate of such to treat CNS disease is extremely poor. The blood–brain barrier (BBB), which separates brain from blood protects microenvironment maintain essential neuronal functions, poses greatest challenge delivery. Many strategies have been developed over years include local disruption BBB via physical chemical methods, transport across transcytosis by targeting some endogenous proteins expressed brain-capillary. Drug delivery an ever-evolving topic, although there were multiple review articles literature, update warranted due continued growth new innovations research this topic. Thus, attempt highlight recent employed overcome challenges while emphasizing necessity investing more efforts technologies parallel development.

Language: Английский

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Glia as Functional Barriers and Signaling Intermediaries

Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(1), P. a041423 - a041423

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Vilaiwan M. Fernandes1, Vanessa Auld2 and Christian Klämbt3 1Department of Cell Developmental Biology, University College London, London UC1E 6DE, United Kingdom 2Department Zoology, British Columbia, Vancouver, Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada 3Institute for Neuro- Behavioral Münster, Münster 48149, Germany Correspondence: klaembt{at}uni-muenster.de

Language: Английский

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Effect of the ROCK inhibitor fasudil on the brain proteomic profile in the tau transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer's disease

Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: Feb. 19, 2024

Introduction The goal of this study is to explore the pharmacological potential amyloid-reducing vasodilator fasudil, a selective Ras homolog (Rho)-associated kinases (ROCK) inhibitor, in P301S tau transgenic mouse model (Line PS19) neurodegenerative tauopathy and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Methods We used LC-MS/MS, ELISA bioinformatic approaches investigate effect treatment with fasudil on brain proteomic profile PS19 mice. also explored efficacy reducing phosphorylation, beneficial and/or toxic effects its administration Results Proteomic profiling mice brains exposed revealed activation mitochondrial tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle blood-brain barrier (BBB) gap junction metabolic pathways. observed significant negative correlation between levels phosphorylated (pTau) at residue 396 both metabolite hydroxyfasudil. Conclusions Our results provide evidence proteins pathways related mitochondria BBB functions by support further development therapeutic for AD.

Language: Английский

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