Organ-on-a-chip meets artificial intelligence in drug evaluation

Theranostics, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(13), P. 4526 - 4558

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

Drug evaluation has always been an important area of research in the pharmaceutical industry. However, animal welfare protection and other shortcomings traditional drug development models pose obstacles challenges to evaluation. Organ-on-a-chip (OoC) technology, which simulates human organs on a chip physiological environment functionality, with high fidelity reproduction organ-level physiology or pathophysiology, exhibits great promise for innovating pipeline. Meanwhile, advancement artificial intelligence (AI) provides more improvements design data processing OoCs. Here, we review current progress that made generate OoC platforms, how single multi-OoCs have used applications, including testing, disease modeling, personalized medicine. Moreover, discuss issues facing field, such as large reproducibility, point integration OoCs AI analysis automation, is benefit future Finally, look forward opportunities faced by coupling AI. In summary, advancements development, combinations AI, will eventually break state

Language: Английский

---

Recent Advances of Organ-on-a-Chip in Cancer Modeling Research

Biosensors, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12(11), P. 1045 - 1045

Published: Nov. 18, 2022

Although many studies have focused on oncology and therapeutics in cancer, cancer remains one of the leading causes death worldwide. Due to unclear molecular mechanism complex vivo microenvironment tumors, it is challenging reveal nature develop effective therapeutics. Therefore, development new methods explore role heterogeneous TME individual patients’ drug response urgently needed critical for therapeutic management cancer. The organ-on-chip (OoC) platform, which integrates technology 3D cell culture, tissue engineering, microfluidics, emerging as a method simulate structures tumor functional characteristics. It overcomes failure traditional 2D/3D culture models preclinical animal completely replicate human tumors. As brand-new technology, OoC great significance realization personalized treatment drugs. This review discusses recent advances biology studies. focuses design principles devices associated applications modeling. challenges future this field are also summarized review. displays broad technique has reference value development.

Language: Английский

---

Recent advances in 3D-printing-based organ-on-a-chip

Deleted Journal, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 1(1), P. 100003 - 100003

Published: March 21, 2024

Organ-on-a-chip (OOC) facilitates precise manipulation of fluids in microfluidic chips and simulation the physiological, chemical, mechanical characteristics tissues, thus providing a promising tool for vitro drug screening physiological modeling. In recent decades, this technology has advanced rapidly because development various three-dimensional (3D) printing techniques. 3D can not only fabricate using materials such as resins polydimethylsiloxane but also construct biomimetic tissues bioinks cell-loaded hydrogels. review, advances 3D-printing-based OOC are systematically summarized based on used direct or indirect OOC, techniques construction applications models heart, blood vessels, intestines, liver, kidney. addition, future perspectives challenges area envisioned to inspire researchers employ accelerate development.

Language: Английский

---

Microfluidic-based human prostate-cancer-on-chip

Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: Jan. 23, 2024

Lack of adequate models significantly hinders advances in prostate cancer treatment, where resistance to androgen-deprivation therapies and bone metastasis remain as major challenges. Current vitro fail faithfully mimic the complex physiology. In vivo animal can shed light on oncogenes involved development progression; however, gland is fundamentally different from that human, underlying genetic mechanisms are different. To address this problem, we developed first microfluidic human Prostate-Cancer-on-Chip (PCoC) model, stromal fibroblast cells were co-cultivated two channels separated by a porous membrane under culture medium flow. The established microenvironment enables soluble signaling factors secreted each locally diffuse through pores affecting neighboring culture. We particularly explored conversion fibroblasts into cancer-associated (CAFs) due interaction between 2 cell types. Immunofluorescence microscopy revealed tumor induced CAF biomarkers, αSMA COL1A1, fibroblasts. level was observed increase along flow direction response diffusion agents, consistent with simulations solute concentration gradients. also downregulated androgen receptor (AR) expression fibroblasts, while an AR maintained normal homeostasis. further investigated invasion stroma, early step metastatic cascade, devices featuring serpentine channel orthogonal segments overlaying straight 8 µm-pore membrane. Both CAFs cross over their channel, stroma’s role seemed be proactive promoting invasion. As control, epithelial neither nor promoted summary, PCoC model allows spatiotemporal analysis tumor-stroma dynamic interactions, bi-directional physical contact, recapitulating tissue-level multicellular responses associated . Hence, it serve dissect seek advanced therapeutic strategies.

Language: Английский

---

A microfluidic lung‐on‐a‐chip based on biomimetic hydrogel membrane

Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 120(7), P. 2027 - 2038

Published: May 17, 2023

Abstract Lung‐on‐chips have showed great promise as a tool to recapitulate the respiratory system for investigation of lung diseases in past decade. However, commonly applied artificial elastic membrane (e.g., polydimethylsiloxane, PDMS) chip failed mimic alveolar basal composition and mechanical properties. Here we replaced PDMS film by thin, biocompatible, soft, stretchable based on F127‐DA hydrogel that well approached stiffness extracellular matrix human alveoli construction lung‐on‐a‐chip. This reconstructed microenvironments so epithelial/endothelial functions were highly expressed with established alveolar‐capillary barrier. In opposite unexpectedly accelerated fibrotic process PDMS‐based lung‐on‐a‐chip, HPAEpiCs hydrogel‐based only presented fibrosis under nonphysiologically high strain, reflecting features pulmonary vivo. physiologically relevant lung‐on‐a‐chip would be an ideal model development antifibrosis drugs.

Language: Английский

---

Lung-on-a-chip: From design principles to disease applications

Biomicrofluidics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 19(2)

Published: March 1, 2025

To address the growing need for accurate lung models, particularly in light of respiratory diseases, cancer, and COVID-19 pandemic, lung-on-a-chip technology is emerging as a powerful alternative. Lung-on-a-chip devices utilize microfluidics to create three-dimensional models that closely mimic key physiological features human lung, such air-liquid interface, mechanical forces associated with respiration, fluid dynamics. This review provides comprehensive overview fundamental components systems, diverse fabrication methods used construct these complex summary their wide range applications disease modeling aerosol deposition studies. Despite existing challenges, hold immense potential advancing personalized medicine, drug development, prevention, offering transformative approach health research.

Language: Английский

---

The Synergy between Deep Learning and Organs-on-Chips for High-Throughput Drug Screening: A Review

Biosensors, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(3), P. 389 - 389

Published: March 15, 2023

Organs-on-chips (OoCs) are miniature microfluidic systems that have arguably become a class of advanced in vitro models. Deep learning, as an emerging topic machine has the ability to extract hidden statistical relationship from input data. Recently, these two areas integrated achieve synergy for accelerating drug screening. This review provides brief description basic concepts deep learning used OoCs and exemplifies successful use cases different types OoCs. These chips potential be assembled highly potent human-on-chips with complex physiological or pathological functions. Finally, we discuss future supply perspectives challenges terms combining image processing automation designs.

Language: Английский

---

Tailoring biomaterials for biomimetic organs-on-chips

Materials Horizons, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 10(11), P. 4724 - 4745

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

The advances in biomaterials for the construction of organs-on-chips are reviewed, including design, fabrication, functions, applications, and future directions these biomaterial-based platforms.

Language: Английский

---

Progress and application of lung-on-a-chip for lung cancer

Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: May 24, 2024

Lung cancer is a malignant tumour with the highest incidence and mortality worldwide. Clinically effective therapy strategies are underutilized owing to lack of efficient models for evaluating drug response. One main reasons failure anticancer development resistance. Anticancer drugs face severe challenges such as poor biodistribution, restricted solubility, inadequate absorption, accumulation. In recent years, “organ-on-a-chip” platforms, which can directly regulate microenvironment biomechanics, biochemistry pathophysiology, have been developed rapidly shown great potential in clinical research. Lung-on-a-chip (LOC) new 3D model bionic lungs physiological functions created by micromachining technology on microfluidic chips. This approach may be able partially replace animal 2D cell culture models. To overcome resistance, LOC realizes personalized prediction response simulating lung-related vitro , significantly enhancing therapeutic effectiveness, bioavailability, pharmacokinetics while minimizing side effects. this review, we present an overview advances preparation contrast it earlier Finally, describe LOC. The combination nanomedicine will provide accurate reliable treatment preclinical evaluation.

Language: Английский

---

Biomimetic lung-on-a-chip to model virus infection and drug evaluation

European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 180, P. 106329 - 106329

Published: Nov. 11, 2022

Viral infectious diseases remain a global public health problem. The rapid and widespread spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV‑2) has had impact on the economy human activities, highlighting vulnerability humans to viral urgent need develop new technologies effective treatments. Organ-on-a-chip is an emerging technology for constructing physiological pathological microenvironment organs in vitro advantages portability, high throughput, low cost, accurate simulation vivo microenvironment. Indeed, organ-on-a-chip provides low-cost alternative investigating organ physiology, diseases, toxicology, drug efficacy. lung main target infection, pathophysiology must be assessed after infection treatment with antiviral drugs. This review introduces construction lung-on-a-chip its related pathophysiological models, focusing evaluation drugs, providing developmental direction research diseases.

Language: Английский

---