Journal of the American Pharmacists Association,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown, P. 102348 - 102348
Published: Feb. 1, 2025
Characterizing
pharmacies
based
on
their
practices,
community
need
for
such
practices
and
pharmacy
type
could
advance
pharmacy-based
intervention
precision
to
reinforce
or
increase
related
reducing
opioid
overdose
deaths.
To
measure
a
combination
of
3
focused
death
reduction
explore
whether
there
are
discernable
groupings
characteristics,
characteristics.
A
telephone
survey
was
conducted
between
August
1,
2023
October
8,
with
the
pharmacist
duty
at
921
Arizona
pharmacies.
The
measured
buprenorphine
stocking,
naltrexone
dispensing,
likelihood
methadone
dispensing
use
disorder
(OUD)
when
legally
permitted,
interest
in
state-subsidized
naloxone
dispensing.
response
rate
22.6%
achieved
(N
=
208).
vast
majority
(93.8%)
stocked
dispensed
naltrexone.
About
half
(47.6%)
were
very
likely
somewhat
dispense
OUD
permitted.
Metropolitan
less
compared
rural
(45.1%
Vs.
75.0%).
Among
not
methadone,
85.3%
located
counties
rates
above
national
average.
indicated
enrolling
as
distributor
naloxone.
When
considered
together
26%
reported
frequent
expressed
subsidized
Latent
class
analysis
yielded
4
distinct
groups
ranging
from
those
only
frequently
adopters
community.
'adopters'
who
naltrexone,
had
naloxone,
would
tended
be
metropolitan
small/rural
areas
but
mass
merchandizers.
An
emerging
group
shows
potential
greater
adoption
reduce
overdose.
Larger,
multistate
studies
will
help
verify
latent
practice
interventions
communities.
It
is
crucial
why
higher
adopt
reduction.
Journal of Viral Hepatitis,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
32(4)
Published: March 1, 2025
ABSTRACT
Hepatitis
C
virus
(HCV)
infection
affects
approximately
3.9
million
people
in
the
United
States
(U.S.),
leading
to
8000
10,000
deaths
annually.
Despite
advancements
curative
treatments
since
2014,
effective
strategies
targeting
high‐risk
groups
are
crucial.
This
study
examines
HCV‐related
mortality
trends
from
1999
2020,
focusing
on
demographic
and
regional
disparities
using
CDC
WONDER
database.
A
retrospective
analysis
was
conducted
were
identified
International
Classification
of
Diseases,
Tenth
Revision
(ICD‐10)
codes
B17.1
B18.2.
Mortality
data
categorised
by
gender,
age,
race/ethnicity,
region,
place
death
urbanisation
status.
We
calculated
crude
rates
(CRs)
age‐adjusted
(AAMRs)
per
100,000
population.
Joinpoint
regression
significant
changes
trends.
total
324,008
reported.
The
overall
AAMR
4.27
(95%
Confidence
Interval
[CI]:
4.25
4.28).
increased
2014
(1999
2007
Annual
Percent
Change
[APC]:
5.00;
APC:
1.95)
declined
sharply
2020
(APC:
−7.11).
Males
exhibited
higher
(AAMR:
6.28)
than
females
2.42).
55–64
years
age
group
had
highest
CR
(16.38),
while
non‐Hispanic
(NH)
American
Indians
rate
8.72)
among
racial
groups.
Regionally,
South
(5.80),
nearly
double
that
West
(2.23)
Midwest
(2.62).
show
variations.
Targeted
interventions
essential
reduce
HCV
burden,
particularly
vulnerable
Harm Reduction Journal,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
18(1)
Published: June 30, 2021
Abstract
Background
Enrolling
sufficient
number
of
people
who
inject
drugs
(PWID)
into
syringe
services
programs
(SSP)
is
important
to
curtail
outbreaks
drug-related
harms.
Still,
little
known
about
barriers
and
facilitators
SSP
enrollment
in
rural
areas
with
no
history
such
programs.
This
study’s
purpose
was
develop
a
grounded
theory
the
role
risk
environment
individual
characteristics
PWID
shaping
Kentucky.
Methods
We
conducted
one-on-one
semi-structured
interviews
41
clients
5
SSPs
that
were
established
counties
Appalachian
Kentucky
2017–2018.
Interviews
covered
needs,
process
becoming
aware
SSPs,
enrollment.
Applying
constructivist
methods
guided
by
Intersectional
Risk
Environment
Framework
(IREF),
we
applied
open,
axial
selective
coding
theory.
Results
Stigma,
feature
IREF’s
meso-level
social
domain,
main
factor
hampering
hesitated
visit
because
internalized
stigma
anticipated
from
police,
friends,
family
healthcare
providers.
Fear
often
mitigated
or
amplified
constellation
environmental
factors
related
(e.g.,
SSPs)
(PWID
networks)
domains
PWID’s
characteristics.
as
barrier
providing
low
threshold
friendly
atmosphere,
offering
their
program
IDs
protect
them
paraphernalia
charges.
spread
positive
information
within
networks
helped
hesitant
peers
enroll
accompanying
SSPs.
Individual
characteristics,
including
child
custody,
employment
high
status,
made
certain
more
susceptible
hence
likely
delay
Conclusions
Features
environments
operating
at
meso-level,
well
appear
enhance
mitigate
effect
opening
locations
against
need
ensure
services,
police
mobilize
promote
