Advanced Materials Letters,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
13(2), P. 2202 - 1690
Published: April 1, 2022
Climate
change
is
evolving
as
the
major
concern
of
erratic
weather
conditions
for
example
heavy
rains,
drought
floods,
landslides,
soil
erosion,
tsunami,
and
extreme
cold
warm
weather,
which
severely
impact
livelihoods
mankind.
Attaining
substance
by
reducing
carbon
pollution
other
greenhouse
gases
best
way
to
control
climate
change.
Considering
suitable
climate,
habitat
variation,
their
adverse
effects
such
glaciers,
heatwave,
sea
levels
rise,
etc.,
it
important
understand
framing
combat
policy
per
requirement
energy.
Hydrogen
now
established
a
clean
flexible
energy
carrier.
Europe
nations
are
progressively
walking
toward
achieving
net-zero
objective
with
overview
hydrogen
energy,
will
ensure
global
sustainability
faster.
Abstract
The
4.2-kiloyear
event
has
been
described
as
a
global
megadrought
that
transformed
multiple
Bronze
Age
complex
societies,
including
the
Indus
Civilization,
located
in
sensitive
transition
zone
with
bimodal
(summer
and
winter)
rainfall
regime.
Here
we
reconstruct
changes
summer
winter
from
trace
elements
oxygen,
carbon,
calcium
isotopes
of
speleothem
Dharamjali
Cave
Himalaya
spanning
4.2–3.1
thousand
years
ago.
We
find
230-year
period
increased
drought
frequency
between
4.2
3.97
ago,
multi-decadal
aridity
events
centered
on
4.19,
4.11,
4.02
sub-annually
resolved
record
puts
seasonal
variability
human
decision-making
timescale,
shows
repeated
intensely
dry
periods
spanned
generations.
highlights
deficits
during
urban
phase
which
prompted
adaptation
through
flexible,
self-reliant,
drought-resistant
agricultural
strategies.
Meteorology,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
2(1), P. 74 - 86
Published: Feb. 2, 2023
The
length
of
the
fire
season
has
not
garnered
much
attention
within
broad
field
meteorological
research
on
regime
change.
Fire
weather
Iberian
Peninsula
is
no
exception
in
this
case;
there
solid
understanding
lengthening
Portugal,
although
recent
decades
do
suggest
ongoing
transitions.
Based
a
complete
record
occurrence
and
burned
area
between
1980
2018,
we
first
searched
for
consistent
trends
monthly
distribution
activity.
To
determine
day-scale
changes,
an
exceedance
date
method
based
annual
cumulative
was
developed.
Results
show
early
onset
activity
range
23–50
days
significant
extension
into
autumn,
suggesting
that
existing
projections
Portugal
over
present
century
have
been
already
achieved.
results
trend
Daily
Severity
Rating
(DSR),
with
last
two
(2000–2018)
displaying
build-up
danger
late
spring
summer.
detailed
spatio-temporal
analysis
daily
Weather
Index
(FWI)
shows
June
stands
out
largest
increase
(year-round)
per
month
FWI
above
38.3,
threshold
which
conditions
make
suppression
uncertain.
This
aggravated
likely
sustaining
activity,
thus
contributing
to
longer
critical
season.
Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
369, P. 111 - 125
Published: Feb. 6, 2024
The
distribution
of
brGDGT
lipids
produced
by
soil
bacteria
has
been
used
to
reconstruct
temperatures
in
marine
and
terrestrial
settings
as
far
back
the
Cretaceous
period.
However,
modern
calibrations
this
proxy
have
primarily
relied
on
air
rather
than
situ
temperatures,
which
can
differ
more
10
°C.
Furthermore,
influence
other
parameters
such
temperature
seasonality
chemistry
is
not
fully
understood.
We
measured
distributions,
pH,
water
content,
electrical
conductivity
soils
from
Eastern
Canadian
Arctic
Iceland.
compiled
our
results
with
those
published
studies
that
also
provide
ancilliary
measurements
generated
global
pH
resulting
dataset.
Soil
outperformed
these
calibrations,
mean
summer
providing
highest-performing
fit
among
tested
parameters.
When
applied
a
loess/paleosol
sequence
Chinese
Loess
Plateau,
new
paleotemperature
paleo-pH
histories
consistent
previous
studies,
encouraging
application
broader
scale.
detected
7-methyl
IIIa''
isomers
Iceland
soils,
shown
lakes
relate
salinity
anoxia,
respectively.
While
neither
correlated
bulk
properties
conductivity,
or
did
correlate
winter
temperature.
hypothesize
compounds
are
habitable
niches
saline,
sometimes
anoxic
liquid
otherwise
frozen
matrix.
Finally,
we
report
presence
overly
branched
GDGTs
m/z
=
1064
suggest
heptamethylated
tetraethers
should
be
investigated
potential
tool
for
improving
calibrations.
Overall,
expand
understanding
production,
especially
at
high
latitudes,
use.
Abstract
Classic
Maya
populations
living
in
peri-urban
states
were
highly
dependent
on
seasonally
distributed
rainfall
for
reliable
surplus
crop
yields.
Despite
intense
study
of
the
potential
impact
decadal
to
centennial-scale
climatic
changes
demise
sociopolitical
institutions
(750-950
CE),
its
direct
importance
remains
debated.
We
provide
a
detailed
analysis
precisely
dated
speleothem
record
from
Yok
Balum
cave,
Belize,
that
reflects
local
hydroclimatic
at
seasonal
scale
over
past
1600
years.
find
initial
disintegration
and
population
decline
occurred
context
pronounced
decrease
predictability
severe
drought
between
700
800
CE.
The
failure
societies
successfully
adapt
volatile
dynamics
likely
contributed
gradual
but
widespread
processes
disintegration.
propose
complex
abandonment
centres
was
not
solely
driven
by
protracted
also
aggravated
year-to-year
decreases
predictability,
potentially
caused
regional
reduction
coherent
Intertropical
Convergence
Zone-driven
rainfall.
Abstract
The
Caucasus
region
is
key
for
understanding
early
human
dispersal
and
evolution
in
Eurasia,
characterizing
the
environmental
contrast
between
Last
Glacial
Maximum
Holocene
crucial
investigating
adaptation
strategies
to
large
climatic
shifts.
However,
a
paucity
of
high-resolution
paleoclimate
records
leave
this
context
largely
unknown
populations
region.
Based
on
our
model-proxy
comparison
high-
low-resolution
24
stalagmites
from
three
caves,
we
find
spatially
distinct
changes
vegetation
seasonality
precipitation,
especially
under
glacial
conditions.
Supported
by
modern
oxygen-isotope
data
climate
modeling,
identify
supraregional
cold-season
temperature
control
oxygen
isotopes
Black
Sea
speleothems,
which
previously
had
been
interpreted
as
local
moisture-source
signal.
Carbon-isotope
trace-element
further
suggest
disproportionate
cover
soil
dynamics
at
high
altitudes,
would
have
resulted
reduction
but
not
disappearance
refugia
during
Maximum,
relative
current
interglacial.
Our
findings
imply
that
abrupt
pressures
harsh
conditions
were
overcome
adaptive
past.
