Iranian Journal of Blood and Cancer, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(3), P. 55 - 62
Published: Sept. 1, 2024
Language: Английский
Cureus, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown
Published: Jan. 10, 2025
Introduction Studying cancer incidence is important to understand the risk factors, tracking trends, planning resources and developing prevention treatment methods. Examining of Kaposi sarcoma (KS) alongside different variables enables researchers gain insights into disease's underlying causes factors. This understanding aids in more focused research interventions. Methodology A retrospective study was conducted using Centers for Disease Control Prevention Wide-Ranging Online Data Epidemiological Research (CDC WONDER) database. were extracted on July 31, 2024. Incidence studied based following variables: age, gender, race geographic location. Results describes demographic characteristics KS patients United States between 1999 2020 race. Based age crude rate per 1,00,000 highest initially ages 75 above male gender. race, Black or African American state, California followed by New York, year, 2000. Conclusions 35-44 years group has shown a significant decreasing trend from 2001 2020. Other groups have not an evident increasing over years. observed White populations, stable Asian Pacific Islander other races unknown combined populations.
Language: Английский
Citations
0
Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 10(2), P. 53 - 53
Published: Feb. 10, 2025
Despite the high prevalence of latent Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) infections in patients from endemic areas with a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevalence, KSHV lytic reactivation context other co-infections is not well understood. Lytic can contribute to severe inflammatory symptoms and KSHV-associated pathogenesis. We have previously reported on upon acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) exposure non-hospitalised cohort people living HIV (PLWH). From this cohort, we identified 34-year-old male who presented for routine care May 2021 an unusually viral load (VL) 189,946.3 copies/106 cells, before SARS-CoV-2 infection. The patient was invited into 2-year follow-up study where his peripheral blood analysed selected virological, clinical, parameters every 6 months. He remained highly viremic throughout period, during which he infected developed disseminated tuberculosis, steadily increasing levels markers C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6). His VL controlled (<1000 copies/mL) CD4 count bordered immunosuppression (±200 cells/µL), suggesting some responsiveness antiretroviral treatment (ART). However, patient's uncontrolled infection may increase risk developing pathology manifesting inflammation should be closely monitored beyond period.
Language: Английский
Citations
0
Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 9(2), P. 47 - 47
Published: Feb. 13, 2024
Kaposi’s sarcoma is an AIDS-defining illness and remains the most frequent tumor arising in HIV-infected patients with multifactorial etiology. We present a case of 30-year-old Caucasian male 18-year history HIV infection. The patient was presented one-week fever, non-productive cough, skin lesions. There associated weakness weight loss duration 6 months. Clinical examination showed generalized lymphadenopathy, lower limb edema, ascites, violaceous cutaneous eruption comprising patches, plaques, nodules. He also had red nodule on left conjunctiva, as well his oral mucosa. His CD4+ count below 10/mm3 ARN-HIV viral load above 100,000 c/mL, relation to antiretroviral failure after five drug regimens. role co-infections oncogenesis course were considered recent studies. Delayed diagnosis resulted negative impact for this during COVID-19 pandemic.
Language: Английский
Citations
2
The European Physical Journal Plus, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 139(5)
Published: May 22, 2024
Language: Английский
Citations
2
AIMS Mathematics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 9(7), P. 19195 - 19239
Published: Jan. 1, 2024
<abstract><p>Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) gradually destroys the CD4$ ^{+} $ T cells leading to immune system dysfunction. HIV-1 can result in acquired syndrome (AIDS) if antiretroviral drugs are not used. HIV/AIDS patients more vulnerable opportunistic infections or cancers. Human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) targets B and causes an AIDS-related cancer known as kaposi sarcoma (KS). Numerous investigations have demonstrated co-infection instances between HHV-8. In this research, we investigated co-dynamics of HHV-8 vivo using a delay differential equations (DDEs). The model explained interactions uninfected cells, latently/actively HIV-1-infected free particles, HHV-8-infected particles. Eight distributed-time delays were incorporated into account for that arose during generation both actively latently infected activation latent reservoirs, maturation freshly discharged virions. By examining nonnegativity boundedness solutions, was mathematically biologically well-posed. We calculated model's equilibria threshold numbers. studied global asymptotic stability by building appropriate Lyapunov functionals applying Lyapunov-LaSalle theorem. Numerical simulations used display results. For basic reproduction numbers single-infection ($ R_{1} $) R_{2} $), sensitivity analysis carried out. Comparing single with co-infections shown. It's interesting note detected larger amounts when they co-infect than alone. This outcome aligned several findings seen literature. effect antiviral time on investigated. found parameter drug effectiveness contributed decrease numbers, $. Less treatment efficacies will be needed keep at infection-free equilibrium remove from body is employed.</p></abstract>
Language: Английский
Citations
1
Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 9(6), P. 134 - 134
Published: June 18, 2024
Kaposi sarcoma (KS) is an AIDS-defining angio-proliferative malignancy, with the sarcoma-associated herpes virus (KSHV) as its etiologic agent. Upon treatment chemotherapy, a proportion of HIV-associated KS patients experience disease recurrence within few months completing treatment. We aimed at determining whether KSHV-specific adaptive immune responses were associated upon complete remission. conducted prospective cohort study. The primary outcome was KS. An immunofluorescence assay used to determine anti-KSHV antibodies, enzyme-linked immunospot for T cell responses, PCR carried out KSHV status, and flow cytometry CD4 counting immunophenotyping. detection in PBMCs high not recurrence-free survival (p = 0.29). Anti-KSHV antibody titers 0.63). dropped from baseline levels among individuals recurrence, but drop statistically significant. Individuals experiencing had significantly higher subsets expressing PD1, while those sustained remission significant increase counts during follow-up period 0.02). antibodies are good correlate protection recurrence. cells hadhigh PD1 expression,
Language: Английский
Citations
1
Vaccines, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(10), P. 1168 - 1168
Published: Oct. 14, 2024
The COVID-19 pandemic prompted the rapid development of vaccines, including ChAdOx1 nCov-19 (AstraZeneca) vaccine. While effective, adverse effects have been reported, cutaneous manifestations. Kaposi sarcoma (KS), a vascular tumor linked to herpesvirus/human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8), has seen increased detection during pandemic. This study reports case classic KS in 79-year-old male following first dose vaccine, without prior SARS-CoV-2 infection. patient developed multiple reddish-blue papules on his legs and feet, confirmed as through histopathology. Treatment included radiotherapy sequential chemotherapy with Doxorubicin. potential reactivation latent HHV-8 by vaccine is explored mechanisms involving spike protein adenovirus vector, which may induce immune responses inflammatory pathways. Although establishing direct causal link remains challenging, highlights need for vigilance regarding post-vaccination. Further large-scale studies are warranted elucidate relationship between vaccines virus reactivation, ensuring comprehensive safety assessments informed public health decisions.
Language: Английский
Citations
1
Journal of Medical Virology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 96(12)
Published: Dec. 1, 2024
ABSTRACT “ When you can measure what are speaking about, and express it in numbers, know something about .” is a famous quote attributed to Lord Kelvin. This sentiment puts viral load measurements at the center of virology. Viral load, or more precisely, DNA copy number measurements, also used follow infections with human herpesviruses, such as Kaposi sarcoma herpesvirus (KSHV) Epstein–Barr Virus (EBV). EBV KSHV associated cancers, determining their numbers context cancer prediction progression on therapy fundamental scientific translational interest. Yet, there no generally accepted assay for quantitation, not clinical decision‐making. Here, we review history detection assays, explore factors that affect sensitivity specificity, describe an automated, high‐throughput, real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) EBV. In conjunction digital PCR using same primer/probe combination, how determine absolute genome plasma, peripheral blood mononuclear cells, saliva, other easily accessible body fluids.
Language: Английский
Citations
0
Iranian Journal of Blood and Cancer, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(3), P. 55 - 62
Published: Sept. 1, 2024
Language: Английский
Citations
0