Epigenetic Control of Alveolar Macrophages: Impact on Lung Health and Disease DOI Creative Commons
Nirmal Parajuli, Kalpana Subedi, Xzaviar Kaymar Solone

et al.

Cells, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(9), P. 640 - 640

Published: April 25, 2025

Alveolar macrophages (AMs) are immune cells located in the alveoli—the tiny air sacs lungs where gas exchange occurs. Their functions regulated by various epigenetic mechanisms, which essential for both healthy lung function and disease development. In lung’s microenvironment, AMs play critical roles surveillance, pathogen clearance, tissue repair. This review examines how regulation influences AM their involvement diseases. Key such as DNA methylation, histone modifications, non-coding RNAs, regulate gene expression response to environmental signals. lungs, these modifications enable quickly respond inhaled threats. However, when processes malfunction, they could contribute diseases pulmonary fibrosis, COPD, hypertension. By exploring changes affect polarization, plasticity, responses, we can gain deeper insights into role open new avenues treating preventing respiratory conditions. Ultimately, understanding mechanisms within enhances our knowledge of immunology offers potential innovative interventions restore health prevent

Language: Английский

Insight into the roles of lactylation in macrophages: functions and clinical implications DOI

Min Shu,

Dingci Lu,

Ziyi Zhu

et al.

Clinical Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 139(02), P. 151 - 169

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Lactylation, a post-translational modification, has been linked to gene transcription regulation through epigenetic modulation in various pathophysiological processes. The lactylation regulatory proteins, known as writers, erasers, and readers, govern their dynamics by adding, removing, recognizing lactyl groups on proteins. Macrophages, cells of the immune system, maintain homeostasis, responding dynamically diverse internal external stimuli. Emerging researches unveil that lactylation, inducing macrophage activation polarization, affects functionality pathological conditions such inflammation, tumor microenvironment, fibrosis. Evidence progressively indicates lactate-driven alterations levels within macrophages can influence pathogenesis numerous diseases. This review aims systematically summarize research progress macrophages, explore its functions mechanisms which contributes pathology different disease phenotypes, propose future directions along with potential diagnostic therapeutic strategies.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Impact of lactate on immune cell function in the tumor microenvironment: mechanisms and therapeutic perspectives DOI Creative Commons

Xuan-Yu Gu,

Jiali Yang, Rui Lai

et al.

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: March 26, 2025

Lactate has emerged as a key regulator in the tumor microenvironment (TME), influencing both progression and immune dynamics. As byproduct of aerobic glycolysis, lactate satisfies metabolic needs proliferating cells while reshaping TME to facilitate evasion. Elevated levels inhibit effector such CD8 + T natural killer cells, supporting immunosuppressive regulatory myeloid-derived suppressor thus fostering an environment. promotes epigenetic reprogramming, stabilizes hypoxia-inducible factor-1α, activates nuclear factor kappa B, leading further immunological dysfunction. In this review, we examined role suppression, treatment resistance. We also discuss promising therapeutic strategies targeting metabolism, including dehydrogenase inhibitors, monocarboxylate transporter neutralization methods, all which can restore function enhance immunotherapy outcomes. By highlighting recent advances, review provides theoretical foundation for integrating lactate-targeted therapies into clinical practice. highlight potential synergy between these current immunotherapeutic strategies, providing new avenues addressing TME-related challenges improving outcomes patients with cancer.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Research Progress in the Regulatory Mechanisms of Lactylation in Tumor Development and Therapy DOI

庆博 郝

Advances in Clinical Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(04), P. 1037 - 1045

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Epigenetic Control of Alveolar Macrophages: Impact on Lung Health and Disease DOI Creative Commons
Nirmal Parajuli, Kalpana Subedi, Xzaviar Kaymar Solone

et al.

Cells, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(9), P. 640 - 640

Published: April 25, 2025

Alveolar macrophages (AMs) are immune cells located in the alveoli—the tiny air sacs lungs where gas exchange occurs. Their functions regulated by various epigenetic mechanisms, which essential for both healthy lung function and disease development. In lung’s microenvironment, AMs play critical roles surveillance, pathogen clearance, tissue repair. This review examines how regulation influences AM their involvement diseases. Key such as DNA methylation, histone modifications, non-coding RNAs, regulate gene expression response to environmental signals. lungs, these modifications enable quickly respond inhaled threats. However, when processes malfunction, they could contribute diseases pulmonary fibrosis, COPD, hypertension. By exploring changes affect polarization, plasticity, responses, we can gain deeper insights into role open new avenues treating preventing respiratory conditions. Ultimately, understanding mechanisms within enhances our knowledge of immunology offers potential innovative interventions restore health prevent

Language: Английский

Citations

0