The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Smoking Consumption: A Systematic Review of Longitudinal Studies

Frontiers in Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: July 12, 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic has generated a global health crisis that negatively impacted the mental and wellbeing of population. A large amount scientific literature emerged since 2019, but none these studies have focused on assessing impact smoking consumption. We aimed to analyse changes in consumption during through longitudinal studies. This systematic review follows PRISMA Statement. study was registered PROSPERO (CRD42021282235). MEDLINE, ERIC, PsycARTICLES, Scopus, Web Science PsycINFO databases were searched from inception 24 October 2021. completed an extensive assessment all prospective cohort explore effect tobacco habits. According PICOS's acronym, we included population (P) types developed before (I) with change nicotine as outcome (O), well risk bias assessed using Newcastle-Ottawa Scale for observational results showed 14 cohorts reported 11 articles fulfilled inclusion criteria. total 58,052 participants review. Most pointed out reduction number cigarettes e-cigarettes consumed baseline (before pandemic) follow-up (during pandemic). Only two increase cigarette or e-cigarette follow-up. majority presented low bias. In conclusion, behavior is complex uncertain. decrease could be related fear becoming infected by COVID-19, advancement social gatherings. several cases, increases can explained psychological distress. These findings used create strategies prevent relapses post-vaccination phases pandemic. Systematic Review Registration: PROSPERO, identifier: CRD42021282235.

Language: Английский

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An umbrella review of systematic reviews on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on cancer prevention and management, and patient needs

eLife, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: April 4, 2023

The relocation and reconstruction of health care resources systems during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic may have affected cancer care. An umbrella review was undertaken to summarize findings from systematic reviews on impact COVID-19 treatment modification, delays, cancellations; delays or cancellations in screening diagnosis; psychosocial well-being, financial distress, use telemedicine as well other aspects Bibliographic databases were searched for relevant with without meta-analysis published before November 29th, 2022. Abstract, full- text screening, data extraction performed by two independent reviewers. AMSTAR-2 used critical appraisal included reviews. Fifty-one our analysis. Most based observational studies judged be at medium high risk bias. Only had moderate scores AMSTAR-2. Findings suggest modifications versus pre-pandemic period low level evidence. Different degrees treatment, diagnosis observed, low- and- middle- income countries that implemented lockdowns being disproportionally affected. A shift in-person appointments but utility telemedicine, challenges implementation cost-effectiveness little explored. Evidence consistent suggesting well-being patients deteriorated, experienced albeit results general not compared levels. Impact disruption prognosis In conclusion, substantial heterogenous has been observed.

Language: Английский

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Overall volume of antibiotics prescribed, 2020

Health at a glance. Europe, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Dec. 20, 2022

Health at a Glance: Europe 2022 marks the start of new State in EU cycle -an initiative launched by European Commission, co-operation with OECD and Observatory on Systems Policies, to assist Member States improving health their citizens performance systems.While preparation this publication was led OECD, Commission provided guidance substantive inputs throughout process, as well financial support via EU4Health Programme.

Language: Английский

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Unintended Consequences of COVID-19 Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions (NPIs) for Population Health and Health Inequalities

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 20(7), P. 5223 - 5223

Published: March 23, 2023

Since the start of COVID-19 pandemic in early 2020, governments around world have adopted an array measures intended to control transmission SARS-CoV-2 virus, using both pharmaceutical and non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs). NPIs are public health that do not rely on vaccines or medicines include policies such as lockdowns, stay-at-home orders, school closures, travel restrictions. Although intention was slow viral transmission, emerging research indicates these also had unintended consequences for other aspects health. Hence, we conducted a narrative review studies investigating NPIs, with particular emphasis mental lifestyle risk factors non-communicable diseases (NCD): physical activity (PA), overweight obesity, alcohol consumption, tobacco smoking. We reviewed scientific literature combinations search terms ‘COVID-19′, ‘pandemic’, ‘lockdowns’, ‘mental health’, ‘physical activity’, ‘obesity’. were found considerable adverse health, activity, obesity. The impacts consumption varied greatly within between studies. variability different groups implies increased inequalities by age, sex/gender, socioeconomic status, pre-existing lifestyle, place residence. In conclusion, proper assessment use attempts spread should be weighed against potential Our findings relevance future preparedness response teams.

Language: Английский

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Global impacts of COVID-19 on lifestyles and health and preparation preferences: An international survey of 30 countries

Journal of Global Health, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: Aug. 11, 2023

The health area being greatest impacted by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and residents' perspective to better prepare for future pandemic remain unknown. We aimed assess make cross-country cross-region comparisons of the global impacts COVID-19 preparation preferences pandemic.We recruited adults in 30 countries covering all World Health Organization (WHO) regions from July 2020 August 2021. 5 Likert-point scales were used measure their perceived change 32 aspects due (-2 = substantially reduced 2 increased) importance 13 preparations (1 not important extremely important). Samples stratified age gender corresponding countries. Multidimensional preference analysis displays disparities between countries, WHO regions, economic development levels, severity levels.16 512 participated, with 10 351 females. Among impact, most affected having a meal at home (mean (m) 0.84, standard error (SE) 0.01), cooking (m 0.78, SE social activities -0.68, duration screen time 0.67, sitting 0.59, 0.01). Alcohol -0.36, 0.01) tobacco -0.38, consumption declined moderately. preparations, respondents rated medicine delivery 3.50, getting prescribed hospital visit / follow-up community pharmacy 3.37, online shopping 3.33, 0.02) as important. multidimensional showed European Region, Region Americas, Western Pacific high-income level or medium high more adversely on activities, whereas other experienced eating home. Countries reported higher mental burden emotional distress. Except low- lower-middle-income was always prioritised.Global increasing limiting deserve much attention health. Besides, has ushered notable enhancement lifestyle eating, while simultaneously reducing alcohol. A care system technological infrastructure that facilitate delivery, prescription, are priorities coping pandemics.

Language: Английский

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Have there been sustained impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on trends in smoking prevalence, uptake, quitting, use of treatment, and relapse? A monthly population study in England, 2017–2022

BMC Medicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 21(1)

Published: Dec. 14, 2023

Abstract Background Studies conducted during the early stages of pandemic documented mixed changes in smoking behaviour: more smokers quitting successfully but little change prevalence. This study aimed to examine whether there have been sustained impacts COVID-19 on patterns England. Methods Data were from 101,960 adults (≥ 18 years) participating Smoking Toolkit Study, a monthly representative household survey, between June 2017 and August 2022. Interviews face-to-face until March 2020 via telephone thereafter. Generalised additive models estimated associations onset (March 2020) with current smoking, uptake, cessation, quit attempts, use support. Models adjusted for seasonality, sociodemographic characteristics, (where relevant) dependence tobacco control mass-media expenditure. Results Before pandemic, prevalence fell by 5.2% per year; this rate decline slowed 0.3% year (RR Δtrend = 1.06, 95% CI 1.02, 1.09). slowing was evident not less advantaged social grades 1.15, 1.08, 1.21; RR 1.00, 0.96, 1.05). There step-level different age groups: 34.9% (95% 17.7, 54.7%) increase among 18–24-year-olds, indicating potential rise contrast 13.6% 4.4, 21.9%) decrease 45–65-year-olds. In both groups, these followed pre-pandemic declines stopping, remaining flat. increases past-year smokers, 120.4% 79.4, 170.9%) cessation 41.7% 29.7, attempts. The main limitation modality data collection when started; while may contributed we observed, it is unlikely explain slope trends. Conclusions England, adult stagnated through At start reduction middle-aged offset an young adults. pronounced grades.

Language: Английский

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Changes in well-being among socially isolated older people during the COVID-19 pandemic: An outcome-wide analysis

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 121(18)

Published: April 22, 2024

Older adults experienced major changes during the COVID-19 pandemic and ensuing restrictions, it might be expected that those who were already socially isolated before particularly vulnerable. We apply an outcome-wide longitudinal design on 4,636 participants (mean age 66.8 y) from English Longitudinal Study of Ageing, observed in 2018/19 early (June/July 2020) later (November/December pandemic. Social isolation is defined using index including marital status, social contact, participation 2018/19. Using mixed models, we compare well-being, health, health behaviors, financial Internet use, between nonisolated participants. From to pandemic, (29%) smaller declines life satisfaction quality a increase loneliness. They showed greater smoking physical activity more likely remain worried about their future situation. also did not change likelihood regular contrasting with increased this regard. The groups followed similar trend for general sleep (no change), depression anxiety (increase), expectations difficulties (decrease). Although older generally show poorer outcomes than connected counterparts, they somewhat protected some fronts. Our findings highlight need continually care but attentive times unexpected crises experiencing extreme related necessary policy responses.

Language: Английский

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Smoking Status in Pregnancy: A Retrospective Analysis in Northern Greece

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(2), P. 431 - 431

Published: Jan. 11, 2025

Background and Objectives: Smoking has adverse effects on both maternal fetal health its incidence varies among different countries. The aim of this study was to identify the prevalence smoking during pregnancy factors associated with smoking. Materials Methods: This a retrospective conducted at Third Department Obstetrics Gynecology, School Medicine, Faculty Health Sciences, Aristotle University Thessaloniki, Greece, an 11-year period (2013–2023). All women receiving antenatal care in our unit were eligible participate when they attended prenatal for first trimester nuchal translucency scan (11+0–13+6 weeks). Results: Of 12,074 pregnant included study, 5005 (41.5%) reported themselves as smokers before pregnancy; cessation rate due 70.2% (3516/5005) 12.3% (1489/12,074). Multiparity less odds (OR: 0.79; 95% CI: 0.73–0.85), whereas advanced age 1.17; 1.07–1.27) obesity 1.44; 1.29–1.6) higher pregnancy. lower that conceived via assisted reproductive techniques (ARTs) 0.52; 0.38–0.70) cases multiparity 1.12; 1.008–1.26) 1.55; 1.20–2.00). Conception ARTs 1.9; 1.38–2.69), multiparous 0.7; 0.62–0.8) obese 0.72; 0.61–0.85) likely quit Conclusions: Pregnancy is strong motivator smoking, especially primiparous those undergoing ARTs. Our findings highlight need more consistent prevention promotion strategies Greece very high proportion smoke substantial continue

Language: Английский

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Did the pandemic change lifestyle behaviours in Italy? An interrupted time series analysis on the four main NCDs behavioural risk factors from 2008 to 2023

BMC Public Health, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 25(1)

Published: Feb. 27, 2025

Abstract Background The COVID-19 pandemic has had repercussions in several areas. indirect effects of the on healthy living behaviours are multiple and complex to assess. aim is assess impact outbreak Italy most relevant modifiable risks for non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Methods PASSI 2008–2023 data referring a sample 18-69-year-olds residing was used estimate prevalences smoking, alcohol, fruit vegetable consumption, physical inactivity lifestyle. For each these an interrupted time series (ITS) study with Generalized Least Squares (GLS) model trends before after pandemic’s (March 2020). “intervention” period postulated as March 2020, “post-intervention” extends from April 2020 December 2023. In models, hypothetical situation without trend remains unchanged commonly known ‘counterfactual’ scenario. Through ITS both “counterfactual data” “factual were obtained. Results From 2008 2023, 532,115 people interviewed. showed, during period, significant differences between factual counterfactual started 2022 strengthened 2023 all four behavioural indicators analysed: high-risk alcohol consumption (both three them worsening) (which appears decrease). Current smokers exhibited similar (24.5% vs. 24.3%), followed by plateau throughout entire ‘post-intervention’ period. By however, prevalence significantly lower than observed rate 22.7% counterfactual). initial improvement drinkers (13% 17% counterfactual) rapid worsening higher expected (19.7% 16.9%). worsened five-a-day (6.6% 9.0%). Physical following (albeit not statistically significant), appeared decrease (26.9% 32.4%). Conclusions found this article showed at end studied achievement current smokers, intakes reduction inactivity. Understanding shifts lifestyle crucial proper design interventions aimed reducing burden NCDs.

Language: Английский

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Changes in Respiratory Sensitivity Status of Patients in a Hospital in Shanxi Province Before and After the COVID-19 Epidemic

Journal of Asthma and Allergy, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: Volume 18, P. 339 - 348

Published: March 1, 2025

The lifting of the regional blockade in early December 2022 Shanxi Province, China, caused an epidemic Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). And high allergy season from July to September each year. To investigate effect COVID-19 on respiratory sensitivity status population, provide a scientific and effective basis for prevention, diagnosis, condition assessment, treatment allergic diseases. We collected 500 outpatient cases Medical University Second Hospital during period 2023 divided them into pre-COVID-19 group (the group) post-COVID-19 group). conducted statistical analysis these patients' general conditions, pulmonary function test results, laboratory parameters, fractional exhaled nitric oxide. Compared with 2022, number smokers decreased (p = 0.007), while incidence diseases such as bronchial asthma rhinitis increased < 0.05). In 2023, results tests showed that positive rate provocation/dilatation 0.001), decline FEV1 provocation became more significant 0.001). At same time, indicated count eosinophils level immunoglobulin E (IgE) peripheral blood rose suggesting population after infection might have increased. Research indicate leads sensitization This suggests we should pay attention changes immune among infection, accurately timely assess intervene conditions.

Language: Английский

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