Large carnivore damage in Europe: Analysis of compensation and prevention programs

Biological Conservation, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 235, P. 308 - 316

Published: May 21, 2019

Language: Английский

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The positive experience of encountering wolves in the wild

Conservation Science and Practice, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 2(5)

Published: Feb. 26, 2020

Abstract Large carnivores often impact human livelihoods and well‐being. Previous research has mostly focused on the negative impacts of large well‐being but rarely considered positive aspects living with carnivores. In particular, we know very little people's direct experiences like personal encounters awareness tolerance toward their exposure to Here, focus wolf ( Canis lupus ), report a phone survey in Germany. We examined whether wolves were or quantified related wolves. found that majority people reported when encountering wolves, regardless encountered wild within Germany, abroad, captivity. The frequency did not affect probability positive, neutral, experiences. Moreover, Germany expressed high close vicinity These findings are novel important because they highlight proximity human‐dominated landscapes.

Language: Английский

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Patterns of cattle and sheep losses related to large carnivores and other causes in the outfields of Norway

Biological Conservation, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 305, P. 111107 - 111107

Published: March 26, 2025

Language: Английский

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Bears of the World

Cambridge University Press eBooks, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Nov. 16, 2020

Bears have fascinated people since ancient times. The relationship between bears and humans dates back thousands of years, during which time we also competed with for shelter food. In modern times, come under pressure through encroachment on their habitats, climate change, illegal trade in body parts, including the Asian bear bile market. IUCN lists six as vulnerable or endangered, even least concern species, such brown bear, are at risk extirpation certain countries. poaching international these most threatened populations prohibited, but still ongoing. Covering all species worldwide, this beautifully illustrated volume brings together contributions 200 experts ecology, conservation status, management Ursidae family. It reveals fascinating long history interactions threats affecting charismatic species.

Language: Английский

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Carnivore Management Zones and their Impact on Sheep Farming in Norway

Environmental Management, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 64(5), P. 537 - 552

Published: Oct. 17, 2019

Abstract We investigated the impact of Norway’s current zonal carnivore management system for four large species on sheep farming. Sheep losses increased when carnivores were reintroduced, but has declined again after introduction zoning system. The total number outside, slightly inside zones. production increased, farming was still lost as a source income many farmers. use grazing resources became more extensive. Losses decreased because removed from open outfield pastures and farmers gave up While wolves expel areas, small herds can be kept in fenced enclosures. Bears are every respect incompatible with Farmers adjust to seasonal predictable behavior lynx wolverine, although these also may cause serious present. mitigating efforts costly lead reduced animal welfare lower farmers, peri-urban areas increasingly keeping an avocation. There is spillover effect strategy sense that there substantial loss livestock geographically near policy used Norway reasonably successful goal separate decrease losses, burdens unequally distributed zones at economic disadvantage.

Language: Английский

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Social Effectiveness and Human-Wildlife Conflict: Linking the Ecological Effectiveness and Social Acceptability of Livestock Protection Tools

Frontiers in Conservation Science, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 2

Published: Aug. 20, 2021

Human-wildlife interactions are embedded within socio-ecological systems (SES), in which animal behavior and human decision-making reciprocally interact. While a growing body of research addresses specific social ecological elements human-wildlife interactions, including conflicts, integrating these approaches is essential for identifying practical effective solutions. Carnivore predation on livestock can threaten livelihoods, weaken relationships among stakeholders, precipitate carnivore declines. As carnivores have received greater protection recent decades, researchers managers sought non-lethal tools to reduce promote coexistence between producers carnivores. For be successful, they must effectively deter carnivores, also adopted by producers. Relatively few studies examine the context-specific effectiveness tools, even fewer simultaneously consider their acceptability To address this gap, we suggest that tool's analyzed concurrently determine its . We thus paired an experimental study deterrent called Foxlights® with qualitative interviews Northern California. placed camera traps sheep pastures measure response coyotes ( Canis latrans ) experimentally deployed Foxlights interviewed before after experiment. Our experiment revealed weak evidence reducing coyote activity Foxlights, but potential adoption had as much do implementation feasibility evidence-based measurements tool effectiveness. Interviewees viewed potentially components husbandry systems, despite data suggesting otherwise, demonstrating scientific reductionism may lag behind producer practices systems-thinking isolated demonstrations not drive adoption. Future empirical tests should better producers' perspectives acknowledge data-based alone limited place decision-making. Iteratively working build trust outputs through process itself.

Language: Английский

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Equitable sharing of benefits from tiger conservation: Beneficiaries’ willingness to pay to offset the costs of tiger conservation

Journal of Environmental Management, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 284, P. 112018 - 112018

Published: Feb. 6, 2021

Language: Английский

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Patterns of coyote predation on sheep in California: A socio‐ecological approach to mapping risk of livestock–predator conflict

Conservation Science and Practice, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 3(3)

Published: April 1, 2020

Abstract Conflict between livestock producers and wild predators is a central driver of large predator declines simultaneously may imperil the lives livelihoods producers. There growing recognition that livestock–predator conflict socio‐ecological problem, but few case studies exist to guide research management from this point view. Here we present study coyote‐sheep predation on California ranch in which combine methods rapidly field risk modeling with participatory mapping perceptions risk. Our findings reveal an important selection bias occur when producer decisions are excluded ecological studying conflict. We further demonstrate how inputs, mapping, can inform one another understanding patterns, drivers, opportunities for Finally, make recommendations improving interoperability social data about Collectively our offer approach fills gaps offers guidance future research.

Language: Английский

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Failure to coordinate management in transboundary populations hinders the achievement of national management goals: The case of wolverines in Scandinavia

Journal of Applied Ecology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 56(8), P. 1905 - 1915

Published: March 9, 2019

Abstract Large carnivores are expanding in Europe, and their return is associated with conflicts that often result policies to regulate population size through culling. Being wide‐ranging species, populations distributed across several jurisdictions, which may vary the extent they use lethal control. This creates conditions for establishment of source‐sink dynamics borders, frustrate ability countries reach respective management objectives. To explore consequences this issue, we constructed a vec‐permutation projection model, applied case wolverines south‐central Scandinavia, shared between Norway (where culled) Sweden protected). We evaluated effect compensatory immigration on wolverine growth rates, if was influenced by distance national border. assessed what had an influence number removals needed keep at given rate. In Norway, model estimated stable trend, whereas it produced 10% annual increase. The corresponded 0.02 reduction rate similar increase Norway. strong closer Norwegian‐Swedish border, but weak when moving away from it. An average 33 shot per year Norwegian part study area. If no occurred, 28 would have been sufficient achieve same goal. About 15.5% all individuals harvested 2005 2012 were compensated immigrants, causing decrease Sweden. Synthesis applications . When transboundary, decisions also even though political bodies charge those decisions, stakeholders who them, taxpayers finance them not. It important managers citizens be informed difference goals can reduce efficiency, costs, wildlife management.

Language: Английский

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Meeting at the crossroads

Elementa Science of the Anthropocene, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 9(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2021

As global environmental changes continue to accelerate, research and practice in the field of conservation biology may be essential help forestall precipitous declines earth’s ability sustain a diversity life. However, many programs have faced scrutiny for social injustices they create, especially within paradigm demarcating protected lands. Currently, new emphasizing landscapes shared by people wildlife is emerging, with it, an opportunity ensure that justice both human beyond-human groups given consideration. Here, we examine emblematic this paradigm, reintroduction recovery large carnivore species, draw from theories detail forms at stake these efforts. Our analysis shows pluralistic application required practices do not produce reproduce people. In addition, show success emerging meeting their goals fact depends on meaningfully addressing range concerns. By developing framework, also identify domains which scholarship can expand its scope. To end, introduce novel concept affective justice, describes complex role emotions as harms, disruptors understanding other links between logics oppression. framework offers comprehensive resource work through planning implementing programs, conclude describing challenges opportunities further aligning practice.

Language: Английский

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