Physics of Fluids,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
37(1)
Published: Jan. 1, 2025
Wastewater
management
has
become
crucial
as
the
global
population
grows.
Construction
wetlands
(CWs)
have
emerged
a
promising
way
to
treat
wastewater,
providing
natural
and
cost-effective
alternative.
This
review
aims
present
state-of-the-art
of
CWs
for
sustainable
wastewater
management.
The
major
parameters
affecting
constructed
are
characterized
unit
parameters,
operational
meteorological
parameters.
media
vegetation,
hydraulic
loading
rate
flow
rate.
Among
this,
can
be
controlled
by
operators
or
design
engineers
whereas
in
case
uncontrollable
ones.
study
examines
initially
interaction
between
performance
CWs.
Then
effect
are,
namely,
temperature,
wind
speed,
relative
humidity
on
Furthermore,
overall
challenges
faced
critically
reviewed,
suitable
recommendations
suggested
improve
discussed.
concludes
that
maximize
CW
efficiency,
considerations
include
selecting
appropriate
(surface
flow,
subsurface
hybrid),
determining
configuration
system
(horizontal
vertical
flow),
substrate
material,
incorporating
innovative
technologies
such
solar-powered
aeration
systems
biochar-amended
substrates.
In
future,
integrating
with
other
advanced
treatment
technologies,
enhancing
plant
species
microbial
consortia,
adapting
climate
variations,
developing
better
monitoring
modeling
methods.
Frontiers in Microbiology,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
13
Published: April 5, 2022
Constructed
wetlands
(CWs)
have
been
proven
as
a
reliable
alternative
to
traditional
wastewater
treatment
technologies.
Microorganisms
in
CWs,
an
important
component,
play
key
role
processes
such
pollutant
degradation
and
nutrient
transformation.
Therefore,
in-depth
analysis
of
the
community
structure
diversity
microorganisms,
especially
for
functional
CWs
is
understand
its
performance
patterns
explore
optimized
strategies.
With
advances
molecular
biotechnology,
it
now
possible
analyze
study
microbial
communities
species
composition
complex
environments.
This
review
performed
bibliometric
studies
evaluate
research
trends
identify
most
studied
pollutants.
On
this
basis,
main
microorganisms
involved
removal
these
pollutants
are
summarized,
effects
on
investigated.
The
result
showed
that
phylum
include
Proteobacteria,
Bacteroidetes,
Actinobacteria
Firmicutes.
These
can
remove
from
by
catalyzing
chemical
reactions,
biodegradation,
biosorption,
supporting
plant
growth,
etc.
Regarding
alpha
diversity,
heavy
metals
high
concentrations
nitrogen
phosphorus
significantly
reduce
richness
whereas
antibiotics
cause
large
fluctuations
diversity.
Overall,
provide
new
ideas
directions
CWs.
Land,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
11(2), P. 174 - 174
Published: Jan. 21, 2022
Constructed
wetlands
(CWs)
for
wastewater
treatment
are
engineered
systems
that
designed
and
operated
in
order
to
use
all
natural
processes
involved
the
removal
of
pollutants
from
wastewaters.
CWs
take
advantage
many
same
occur
wetlands,
but
do
so
within
a
more
controlled
environment.
The
basic
classification
is
based
on
presence/absence
wetland
surface.
subsurface
flow
can
be
classified
according
direction
horizontal
vertical.
combination
various
types
called
hybrid
CW.
technology
began
1950s
Germany,
major
extension
across
world
occurred
during
1990s
early
2000s.
Germany
were
as
CWs;
however,
1970s
1980s,
mostly
designed.
stricter
limits
nitrogen,
especially
ammonia,
applied
Europe
1990s,
brought
attention
vertical
systems.
have
been
used
treat
wastewater,
including
sewage,
industrial
agricultural
wastewaters,
drainage
runoff
waters
landfill
leachate.
Recently,
has
also
paid
constructed
part
circular
economy
urban
environments:
it
clear
good
fit
new
concept
sponge
cities.
Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
8, P. 100363 - 100363
Published: May 26, 2023
Use
of
pharmaceutical
products
has
seen
a
tremendous
increase
in
the
recent
decades.
It
been
observed
that
more
than
thirty
million
tons
pharmaceuticals
are
consumed
worldwide.
The
used
not
completely
metabolized
human
and
animal
body.
Therefore,
they
excreted
to
environment
remain
there
as
persistent
organic
chemicals.
These
compounds
emerge
toxic
contaminants
water
affect
metabolism
directly
or
indirectly.
This
literature
review
is
an
endeavour
understand
origin,
applications
current
advancement
removal
from
environment.
discusses
about
medical
such
diagnosis
disease
treatment.
In
addition,
it
approaches
applied
including
microbial
fuel
cells,
biofiltration,
bio
nanotechnology
approaches.
Moreover,
challenges
associated
with
presented
considering
biological
environmental
factors.
suggest
potential
recommendations
on
removal.
Processes,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
9(11), P. 1917 - 1917
Published: Oct. 27, 2021
Constructed
wetlands
(CW)
is
an
environmentally
friendly
technique
for
removing
pollutants
from
wastewater
and
has
been
applied
to
municipal
wastewater,
petroleum
refinery
agriculture
drainage,
acid
mine
etc.
The
past
decade
seen
a
remarkable
number
of
innovations
in
the
exponentially
growing
field
microbiology.
This
manuscript
covers
critical
review
key
aspects
CW,
such
as
various
types
contaminants
their
removal
mechanisms,
degradation
pathways,
challenges
opportunities,
materials,
applications,
theory
with
focus
on
recent
advances
last
three
decades.
In
addition,
attempt
taken
project
future
CW
facilitate
these
by
framing
unsolved
problems
CW.
Guidelines
are
prepared
fast-growing
through
standardization
design
aspects.
evaluation
current
state-of-the-art
technology
provides
definitions
performance
metric
nomenclature
effort
unify
community.
It
also
contains
outlook
emerging
trends
proposes
research
development
directions.
