Coral bleaching patterns are the outcome of complex biological and environmental networking

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 26(1), P. 68 - 79

Published: Oct. 16, 2019

Abstract Continued declines in coral reef health over the past three decades have been punctuated by severe mass bleaching‐induced mortality events that grown intensity and frequency under climate change. Intensive global research efforts therefore persistently focused on bleaching phenomena to understand where corals bleach, when why—resulting a large—yet still somewhat patchy—knowledge base. Particularly catastrophic 5 years catalyzed calls for more diverse set of management tools, extending far beyond mitigation protection, also include aggressive interventions. However, effectiveness these various tools now rests rapidly assimilating our knowledge base into integrated frameworks. Here, we consider how intensive has established basis complex biological environmental networks, which together regulate outcomes severity. We discuss enough scaffold conceptual frameworks underpinning susceptibility, but new are urgently required translate this an operational system informing—and testing—bleaching outcomes. Specifically, adopting network models can fully describe predict metabolic functioning holobionts, is regulated doses interactions among factors. Identifying gaps limiting operation such logical step immediately guide prioritize future experiments observations. at time‐critical point implement capacity resolve patterns emerge from biological–environmental so effectively inform evolving ecological social adaptation aimed securing reefs.

Language: Английский

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Advancing Marine Biogeochemical and Ecosystem Reanalyses and Forecasts as Tools for Monitoring and Managing Ecosystem Health

Frontiers in Marine Science, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 6

Published: March 13, 2019

Ocean ecosystems are subject to a multitude of stressors including changes in ocean physics and biogeochemistry, direct anthropogenic influences. Implementation protective adaptive measures for requires combination observations with analysis prediction tools. These can guide assessments the current state, elucidate ongoing trends shifts, anticipate impacts climate change management policies. Analysis tools defined here as circulation models that coupled biogeochemical or ecological models. The range potential applications these systems is broad from reanalyses assessment past states, short-term seasonal forecasts, scenario simulations projections. objectives this article illustrate capabilities regard three types discuss challenges opportunities. Representative examples global regional described particular emphasis on those operational pre-operation use. With benefits challenges, similar considerations apply do physical systems. However, at present there least two major differences: 1) streams much sparser than presenting significant hinderance, 2) largely unconstrained because insufficient observations. Expansion observing will allow advances development application biogeochemistry multiple societal benefits.

Language: Английский

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Mapping the world's coral reefs using a global multiscale earth observation framework

Remote Sensing in Ecology and Conservation, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 6(4), P. 557 - 568

Published: March 25, 2020

Abstract Coral reefs are among the most diverse and iconic ecosystems on Earth, but a range of anthropogenic pressures threatening their persistence. Owing to remoteness, broad spatial coverage cross‐jurisdictional locations, there no high‐resolution remotely sensed maps available at global scale. Here we present framework that is capable mapping coral reef habitats from individual (~200 km 2 ) entire barrier systems (200 000 across vast ocean extents (>6 ). This first time this has been demonstrated using consistent transparent remote sensing framework. The ten achieved good accuracy (78% mean overall accuracy) multiple input image datasets training data sources, our was shown be adaptable either benthic or geomorphic features environments. These new generation map will useful for supporting ecosystem risk assessments, detecting change in dynamics targeting efforts monitor local‐scale changes cover health.

Language: Английский

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eReefs: An operational information system for managing the Great Barrier Reef

Journal of Operational Oceanography, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 12(sup2), P. S12 - S28

Published: Aug. 8, 2019

eReefs is a comprehensive interoperable information platform that has been developed for the Great Barrier Reef (GBR) region to provide users with access improved environmental intelligence allowing them assess past, present, and future conditions, as well management options mitigate risks associated multiple sometimes competing uses of GBR. built upon an integrated system data, catchment marine models, visualisation, reporting decision support tools span entire GBR area. This communication briefly describes architecture components provides examples applications have used inform policy decisions, finally discusses challenges key learnings considers developments applications.

Language: Английский

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Dataset on the absorption characteristics of extracted phytoplankton pigments

Data in Brief, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 24, P. 103875 - 103875

Published: March 29, 2019

This article presents the raw and analysed data on absorption features of 30 pigments commonly occurring in phytoplankton. All unprocessed spectra are given between 350 800 nm. The presented also gives information wavelength main peaks together with associated magnitudes concentration-specific coefficient.

Language: Английский

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Reversing ocean acidification along the Great Barrier Reef using alkalinity injection

Environmental Research Letters, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 16(6), P. 064068 - 064068

Published: June 1, 2021

Abstract The Great Barrier Reef (GBR) is a globally significant coral reef system supporting productive and diverse ecosystems. GBR under increasing threat from climate change local anthropogenic stressors, with its general condition degrading over recent decades. In response to this, number of techniques have been proposed offset or ameliorate environmental changes. this study, we use coupled hydrodynamic-biogeochemical model the surrounding ocean simulate artificial alkalinisation (AOA) as means reverse impact global acidification on reefs. Our results demonstrate that continuous release 90 000 t alkalinity every 3 d one year along entire length GBR, following Gladstone-Weipa bulk carrier route, increases mean aragonite saturation state ( Ω mathvariant="normal">a mathvariant="normal">r ) across GBR’s 3860 reefs by 0.05. This offsets just 4 years (∼4.2) present rate carbon emissions. injection raises in 250 closest route ${\geqslant}0.15$?> ⩾ 0.15 , reversing further projected Ocean Acidification. Following cessation returns value waters absence AOA 6 month period, primarily due transport additional into Coral Sea. Significantly, our study provides for first time applied existing shipping infrastructure has used investigate shelf scale impacts. Thus, amelioration decades OA feasible using infrastructure, but likely be extremely expensive, include yet unquantified risks, would need undertaken continuously until such time, probably centuries future, when atmospheric CO 2 concentrations returned today’s values.

Language: Английский

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The diversity and ecology of Symbiodiniaceae: A traits-based review

Advances in marine biology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 55 - 127

Published: Jan. 1, 2022

Language: Английский

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Habitat maps to enhance monitoring and management of the Great Barrier Reef

Coral Reefs, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 39(4), P. 1039 - 1054

Published: April 9, 2020

Language: Английский

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Ciliary flows in corals ventilate target areas of high photosynthetic oxygen production

Current Biology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 32(19), P. 4150 - 4158.e3

Published: Aug. 23, 2022

Most tropical corals live in symbiosis with Symbiodiniaceae algae whose photosynthetic production of oxygen (O2) may lead to excess O2 the diffusive boundary layer (DBL) above coral surface. When flow is low, cilia-induced mixing DBL vital remove and prevent oxidative stress that bleaching mortality. Here, we combined particle image velocimetry using O2-sensitive nanoparticles (sensPIV) chlorophyll (Chla)-sensitive hyperspectral imaging visualize microscale distribution dynamics ciliary flows relation Chla tissue reef building coral, Porites lutea. Curiously, found an inverse between underlying tissue, patches high low surrounding polyp mouth areas pockets concentrations coenosarc connecting neighboring polyps. The spatial segregation related ciliary-induced flows, causing a lateral redistribution DBL. In 2D transport-reaction model DBL, show enhanced transport allocates parts surplus containing less chla, which minimizes stress. Cilary thus confer spatially complex mass transfer play important role mitigating corals.

Language: Английский

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CSIRO Environmental Modelling Suite (EMS): scientific description of the optical and biogeochemical models (vB3p0)

Geoscientific model development, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 13(9), P. 4503 - 4553

Published: Sept. 25, 2020

Abstract. Since the mid-1990s, Australia's Commonwealth Science Industry and Research Organisation (CSIRO) has been developing a biogeochemical (BGC) model for coupling with hydrodynamic sediment application in estuaries, coastal waters shelf seas. The suite of coupled models is referred to as CSIRO Environmental Modelling Suite (EMS) applied at tens locations around Australian continent. At mature point BGC model's development, this paper presents full mathematical description, well links freely available code user guide. description structured into processes so that details new parameterisations can be easily identified, along their derivation. In EMS, underwater light field simulated by spectrally resolved optical calculates vertical attenuation from scattering absorption 20+ optically active constituents. itself cycles carbon, nitrogen, phosphorous oxygen through multiple phytoplankton, zooplankton, detritus dissolved organic inorganic forms water column layers. dynamically resolve deposition, resuspension benthic–pelagic fluxes. With focus on shallow waters, also includes detailed representations benthic plants such seagrass, macroalgae coral polyps. A second on, where possible, use geometric derivations physical limits constrain ecological rates. This approach generally requires population-based rates derived initially considering size shape individuals. For example, zooplankton grazing considers encounter one predator prey based summing relative motion individuals search area; chlorophyll synthesis geometrically self-shading term; bottom coverage calculated biomass using an exponential form arguments. led more algebraically complicated set equations when compared empirical formulations populations. But while being complicated, fewer unconstrained parameters therefore simpler move between applications than it would otherwise be. version EMS described here implemented eReefs project delivers near-real-time hydrodynamic, simulation Great Barrier Reef, northeast Australia, its formulation provides example reasoning aquatic processes.

Language: Английский

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