Environmental-economic sustainability of hydrogen and ammonia fuels for short sea shipping operations

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 57, P. 1070 - 1080

Published: Jan. 14, 2024

Alternative fuels of low or zero carbon content can decarbonise the shipping operations. This study aims at assessing lifetime environmental-economic sustainability ammonia and hydrogen, as alternatives to diesel fuel for short sea cargo vessels. A model is employed calculate key performance indicators representing financial environmental footprint case ship using a realistic operating profile considering several scenarios with different substitution rates. Scenarios meeting emissions reduction targets set by International Maritime Organisation (IMO) 2030 are identified, whereas policy measures their implementation including taxation discussed. The derived results demonstrate that future in ranges 136–965 €/t hydrogen 356–2647 support these shipping. provides insights adopting zero-carbon fuels, such impacts de-risking decarbonisation.

Language: Английский

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Targeting zero energy increment for an onboard CO2 capture system: 4E analyses and multi-objective optimization

Energy Conversion and Management, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 301, P. 117890 - 117890

Published: Jan. 4, 2024

Language: Английский

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A preliminary safety assessment of fuel gas supply system in the engine room of the ammonia fuelled ship

Journal of Marine Engineering & Technology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 20

Published: Jan. 3, 2025

Ammonia is a promising option for hydrogen storage, offering high density, low-pressure and stability. engines are increasingly adopted in vessels like ferries cargo ships, showing promise emissions reduction economic benefits. However, its toxic, flammable, corrosive nature poses safety challenges compared to other fuels. The study identified risks associated with the release, dispersion, hazardous zones of ammonia. A standardised procedure assessing risk ammonia release engine room established. case involves unintentional 299 GT general ship. FLACS-CFD 22.2 employed model leakage under various scenarios. examines influence leak rates (0.05 , 1 kg/s, 10 kgs 50 kg/s), directions (longitual, transverse vertical leaks), hole size (0.05, 0.5, 5 mm) on dispersion behaviour findings indicate that vapour cloud tends accumulate direction leakage, particularly at corner formed by equipment, surrounds outlet ventilation. Two crucial factors affecting considerations toxicity flammable limits It recommended implement effective ventilation reduce harmful effects release. This contributes ongoing efforts adopting as viable alternative fuel maritime sector, contributing reduced airborne exhaust environmental impact.

Language: Английский

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Ammonia-powered ships: Concept design and feasibility assessment of powertrain systems for a sustainable approach in maritime industry

Energy Conversion and Management X, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 22, P. 100539 - 100539

Published: Jan. 28, 2024

The decarbonization of the shipping industry is pushing towards introduction low-carbon fuels such as hydrogen carriers and installation cleaner propulsion systems. Among different carriers, ammonia (NH3) considered a promising option due to its high volumetric energy density easier storage transportation in comparison with pure hydrogen. Therefore, this study focused on design, modeling, feasibility assessment ammonia-based systems for applications. Two NH3-based fuel cell power generation are analyzed: i) Proton exchange membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) system ii) Solid Oxide (SOFC) system. These designed replace conventional diesel powertrain installed board container ship. consumption, according ship load profile, calculated analysis masses volumes tanks performed. Results highlight that proposed technologies causes greater respect This criticality, face an advantage terms avoided CO2 emissions per cruise, could be overcome by accepting cargo capacity reduction. It estimated reduction range 3.3% - 4.8% cell-based solutions. However, valorizing emissions, it possible recover economic penalty break-even reference scenario.

Language: Английский

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A Comprehensive Review of the Establishment of Safety Zones and Quantitative Risk Analysis during Ship-to-Ship LNG Bunkering

Energies, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 17(2), P. 512 - 512

Published: Jan. 20, 2024

This study comprehensively reviews the current academic literature concerning safety and risk assessment associated with utilization of liquefied natural gas (LNG) in ship-to-ship bunkering scenarios. Simultaneously, it explores complex system regulations, standards, guidelines that oversee thorough evaluation risks linked to LNG procedures. Special attention is given scrutiny legal frameworks encompass a range considerations, such as storage facilities, transportation, processes, vessels involved both receiving. The research questions are formulated provide clear direction objectives for this study’s journey. main hazards related identified analyzed. framework analyzed, opportunities improvement these documents identified. general methodology procedure process summarized established. From an extensive compilation scholarly articles, 210 high-quality papers have been deliberately selected examination. gaps Through analysis, highlighted studies key points mentioned also outlined predict future directions on establishing zones during bunkering. Recommendations made propose improvements suggest further establishment relevant authorities.

Language: Английский

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Comprehensive evaluation of proton exchange membrane fuel cell-based power system fueled with ammonia decomposed hydrogen

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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An innovative Configuration of ammonia fuel Cell-Based Polygeneration system for maritime applications

Fuel, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 391, P. 134781 - 134781

Published: Feb. 21, 2025

Language: Английский

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Techno‐Economic Analysis of a Direct Ammonia Solid Oxide Fuel Cell–Integrated System for Marine Vessels

Chemical Engineering & Technology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 25, 2025

Abstract To achieve the ambitious goal of net‐zero greenhouse gas emissions in shipping industry by 2050, getting to zero coalition prioritizes adoption zero‐emission fuels and technologies. Ammonia stands out as a viable zero‐carbon marine fuel, owing its carbon‐free composition higher energy density relative hydrogen. This paper presents thorough techno‐economic analysis direct ammonia solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) system, which is enhanced turbine (GT) integrated with multi‐generation including proton exchange membrane cells (PEMFC), organic Rankine cycle (ORC), Kalina (KC), steam (SRC), waste heat boiler (WHB). The study employs multi‐stage approach that includes dynamic computational analysis, evaluation, assessments environmental social impacts determine optimal system implementation. Economic viability evaluated through indicators such net present value, internal rate return payback period, highlighting critical role capital costs investment feasibility, repayment timelines. levelized cost electricity (LCOE) spans from 0.482 0.554 $ (kW h) −1 , showing variation approximately 6.2 % average LCOE. For unsubsidized subsidized utility costs, discounted period calculated be between 6.7 9.5 years, respectively.

Language: Английский

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A novel designation of LNG solid oxide fuel cells combined system for marine application

Case Studies in Thermal Engineering, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 58, P. 104433 - 104433

Published: April 21, 2024

This paper presents a pioneering multigeneration system for marine vessel applications, involving the integration of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) fueled by liquefied natural gas (LNG), coupled with LNG cold energy utilization cycles and exhaust heat recovery systems. The comprises tandem arrangement organic Rankine cycle (ORC) trans-critical carbon dioxide (TCO2), specifically engineered to harness released during regasification process. elevated temperature gases emanating from SOFC are efficiently recuperated through series components including turbine (GT), regenerative, steam (SRC), waste boiler (WHB). proton exchange membrane (PEMFC) is designed enhance overall operational flexibility responsiveness system. Aspen Hysys V12.1 used simulate propose numerical method employed parameter optimize first second laws thermodynamics applied establish equations calculated performances. described estimated obtain efficiency 69.32% exergy 33.85%. high-temperature harvesting integrated systems sufficiently generated 2091.24 kW which accounted 35.49% entire power generate. Furthermore, parametric researches implemented examine influence current density, values performance indicators WHB generate 1081 kg/h superheated vapor at 170 405 kPa various purposes seafarers equipment's onboard ship. economic feasibility performed view possibility investment, maintenance cost payback period

Language: Английский

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Comparative Study of Thermodynamic Performances: Ammonia vs. Methanol SOFC for Marine Vessels

Chemical Engineering & Technology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 47(9)

Published: June 14, 2024

Abstract In response to escalating environmental concerns and the imperative institute effective energy management strategies, pursuit of alternative fuels has emerged as a pivotal endeavor for realizing sustainable solutions. Methanol ammonia have surfaced particularly promising environmentally friendly liquid fuels, holding significant potential aiding in attainment decarbonization objectives addressing global requirements. This research proposes scrutinizes sophisticated cogeneration system integrating solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs), gas turbine (GT), steam Rankine cycle, organic cycle. Direct utilization methanol this intricate is examined, with design modeling facilitated through Aspen HYSYS V.12.1. The thermodynamic performance proposed rigorously assessed by employing foundational principles first second laws thermodynamics. direct SOFCs fueled exhibit notable efficiencies 64.25 % 58.42 %, respectively. Remarkably, amalgamated systems showcase heightened efficiencies, witnessing commendable increase 12.64 10.66 when powered methanol, respectively, compared individual SOFC systems. Examination exergy destruction reveals principal contributor, electrochemical chemical processes constituting primary sources irreversibility. Additionally, explicit values GT, afterburner, heat exchanger components are provided. A comprehensive parametric study underscores role factor (U f ), identifying value 0.85 optimal significantly augmenting efficiency system. analysis not only substantiates carriers hydrogen but also efficacy waste recovery viable strategy enhancing overall an findings presented herein contribute valuable insights, paving way strategic broader context conscious

Language: Английский

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