A synthetic analysis of post-construction displacement and attraction of marine birds at offshore wind energy installations DOI Creative Commons
Juliet S. Lamb, Julia Gulka, Evan M. Adams

et al.

Environmental Impact Assessment Review, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 108, P. 107611 - 107611

Published: July 26, 2024

Changes in the distribution of marine birds their at-sea foraging, resting, and migratory habitats are frequently observed following construction offshore wind energy installations. However, presence strength both displacement attraction effects have been shown to vary widely among species locations. An understanding underlying factors driving occurrence detection distributional changes is required inform farm design develop best practices for environmental impact assessment, monitoring, mitigation. Drawing from 39 publications reports, we conducted a meta-analysis assess likelihood detecting or by infrastructure as well proportional change use areas. We evaluated these outcomes functions characteristics, biological characteristics birds, observation process. found that varied most strongly taxa seasons, followed study criteria characteristics. Displacement were more detected during breeding season studies with larger overall area footprint relative size farm. Effects also greater at farms further lower turbine densities. significant negative loons, grebes, sea ducks, alcids, gannets, mainly neutral slightly positive gulls, waterfowl, cormorants. Less frequently-observed such fulmars skuas had low frequency but large effect sizes, suggesting may be underestimated groups. Overall, recommend future monitoring clearly report metrics (i.e., abundance and/or density) within defined areas allow robust comparison sites, species, survey methodologies.

Language: Английский

A synthetic analysis of post-construction displacement and attraction of marine birds at offshore wind energy installations DOI Creative Commons
Juliet S. Lamb, Julia Gulka, Evan M. Adams

et al.

Environmental Impact Assessment Review, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 108, P. 107611 - 107611

Published: July 26, 2024

Changes in the distribution of marine birds their at-sea foraging, resting, and migratory habitats are frequently observed following construction offshore wind energy installations. However, presence strength both displacement attraction effects have been shown to vary widely among species locations. An understanding underlying factors driving occurrence detection distributional changes is required inform farm design develop best practices for environmental impact assessment, monitoring, mitigation. Drawing from 39 publications reports, we conducted a meta-analysis assess likelihood detecting or by infrastructure as well proportional change use areas. We evaluated these outcomes functions characteristics, biological characteristics birds, observation process. found that varied most strongly taxa seasons, followed study criteria characteristics. Displacement were more detected during breeding season studies with larger overall area footprint relative size farm. Effects also greater at farms further lower turbine densities. significant negative loons, grebes, sea ducks, alcids, gannets, mainly neutral slightly positive gulls, waterfowl, cormorants. Less frequently-observed such fulmars skuas had low frequency but large effect sizes, suggesting may be underestimated groups. Overall, recommend future monitoring clearly report metrics (i.e., abundance and/or density) within defined areas allow robust comparison sites, species, survey methodologies.

Language: Английский

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