Exosomes derived from natural killer cells: transforming immunotherapy for aggressive breast cancer

Medical Oncology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 42(4)

Published: March 18, 2025

Language: Английский

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Advancing brain immunotherapy through functional nanomaterials

Drug Delivery and Translational Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 9, 2025

Abstract Glioblastoma (GBM), a highly aggressive brain tumor, poses significant treatment challenges due to its immunosuppressive microenvironment and the immune privilege. Immunotherapy activating system T lymphocyte infiltration holds great promise against GBM. However, brain’s low immunogenicity difficulty of crossing blood-brain barrier (BBB) hinder therapeutic efficacy. Recent advancements in immune-actuated particles for targeted drug delivery have shown potential overcome these obstacles. These interact with BBB by rapidly reversibly disrupting structure, thereby significantly enhancing targeting penetrating delivery. The also minimizes long-term damage. At GBM, demonstrated effective chemotherapy, chemodynamic therapy, photothermal therapy (PTT), photodynamic (PDT), radiotherapy, or magnetotherapy, facilitating tumor disruption promoting antigen release. Additionally, components retained autologous tumor-associated antigens presented them dendritic cells (DCs), ensuring prolonged activation. This review explores mechanisms existing strategies, role nanomaterials immunotherapy. We discuss innovative particle-based approaches designed traverse mimicking innate functions improve outcomes tumors. Graphical

Language: Английский

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Exploring the Roles and Clinical Potential of Exosome-Derived Non-Coding RNAs in Glioma

IBRO Neuroscience Reports, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 18, P. 323 - 337

Published: Feb. 6, 2025

Non-coding accounts for 98 %-99 % of the human genome and performs many essential regulatory functions in eukaryotes, involved cancer development development. RNAs are abundantly enriched exosomes, which play a biological role as vectors. Some biofunctional non-coding specifically designed exosomes treatment cancers such glioma. Glioma is one most common primary tumors within skull has varying degrees malignancy histologic subtypes grades I-IV. Gliomas characterized by high an abundant blood supply due to rapid cell proliferation vascularization, often with poor prognosis. Exosomal can be tumorigenesis process glioma from multiple directions, angiogenesis, tumor proliferation, metastatic invasion, immune evasion, apoptosis, autophagy. Therefore, suitable markers or therapeutic targets early diagnosis diseases predicting prognosis variety diseases. Regulating exosome production level exosomal RNA expression may new approach prevent eliminate In this review, we review origin characteristics RNAs, introduce functional studies their potential clinical applications, order broaden ideas

Language: Английский

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Innovative dual-gene delivery platform using miR-124 and PD-1 via umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells and exosome for glioblastoma therapy

Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 44(1)

Published: March 25, 2025

Abstract Addressing the challenges of identifying suitable targets and effective delivery strategies is critical in pursuing therapeutic solutions for glioblastoma (GBM). This study focuses on potential microRNA-124 (miR-124), known its tumor-suppressing properties, by investigating ability to target key oncogenic pathways GBM. The results reveal that CDK4 CDK6—cyclin-dependent kinases promote cell cycle progression—are significantly overexpressed GBM brain samples, underscoring their role tumor proliferation them as miR-124 intervention. However, delivering miRNA-based therapies remains a major obstacle due instability RNA molecules difficulty achieving targeted, efficient delivery. To address these issues, this research introduces an innovative, non-viral dual-gene platform utilizes umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UMSCs) exosomes transport programmed death protein-1 (PD-1). efficacy system was validated using orthotopic model, which closely mimics microenvironment seen patients. Experimental demonstrate UMSC/ miR-124-PD-1 complex successfully induce apoptosis cells, inhibiting growth. Notably, treatments show minimal cytotoxic effects normal glial highlighting safety selectivity. Moreover, highlights immunomodulatory properties exosomes, enhancing activation immune such T dendritic while reducing immunosuppressive populations like regulatory myeloid-derived suppressor cells. orchestrated UMSCs showcased targeted inhibition positive modulation, emphasizing promising approach

Language: Английский

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Therapeutic and prognostic values of ferroptosis signature in glioblastoma

International Immunopharmacology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 155, P. 114597 - 114597

Published: April 15, 2025

Language: Английский

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Extracellular Vesicles from Plasma of Patients with Glioblastoma Promote Invasion of Glioblastoma Cells Even After Tumor Resection

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(12), P. 2834 - 2834

Published: Dec. 13, 2024

Background: Glioblastoma (GB) is a highly aggressive tumor, whose progression mediated by secretion of extracellular vesicles (EVs), which can pass the brain–blood barrier and be found in plasma. Here, we performed comparative analysis effects EVs from plasma healthy donors (hEVs) GB patients before (bEVs) after (aEVs) tumor surgical resection on invasion normal astrocytes cells. Methods: We transwell assay, analyzed MAP kinases activation Western blotting, studied SNAI1/SNAI2 cellular localization confocal microscopy, measured cadherins expression flow cytometry, cytokines, regulate migration inflammation, immunoassay. Results: hEVs did not affect cells, there was down-regulated astrocytes, while increased E- N-cadherin inflammation adhesion regulators both bEVs enhanced cells but via AKT, JNK1/2/3, p38 activation, stimulated clasterization SNAI1 cell nucleus, promoted an E/N cadherin switch, caused aEVs exhibited most pro-oncogenic (stimulation invasion, nuclear localization, JNK1/2/3 cells). However, were less pronounced than those bEVs. Conclusions: In our study, revealed common different plasma-derived hEVs, aEVs, stimulate some Being tumorigenic then bEVs, are still able to promote probably remaining resection.

Language: Английский

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A detailed evaluation of the advantages among extracellular vesicles from three cell origins for targeting delivery of celastrol and treatment of glioblastoma

International Journal of Pharmaceutics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 125005 - 125005

Published: Nov. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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