
Pharmaceutics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(3), P. 324 - 324
Published: March 2, 2025
Background/Objectives: This study investigates the use of natural deep eutectic solvents (NADESs) in enhancing solubility and skin permeation a lidocaine base, lipophilic form, hydrogel systems. The aim was to develop an environmentally sustainable biocompatible alternative conventional formulations, improving dermal therapeutic efficacy. Methods: base dissolved hydrophilic NADES system composed choline chloride citric acid, facilitating enhanced solubility, likely through new molecular interactions. Then, pH-adjusted hydrogels were formulated optimized by employing 32 full factorial design. Raman nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy applied evaluate stability optimal formulation. biopharmaceutical properties investigated using vitro drug release studies. In vivo tests assessed physiological parameters such as hydration transepidermal water loss. Results: developed NADES-containing significantly improved lidocaine. Skin studies demonstrated compared with ointment. These improvements, namely formulation its increased permeation, attributed dual effect NADES. Conclusions: represent promising green technology for formulating lidocaine-containing preparations. approach offers biocompatible, natural-based that can enhance bioavailability efficacy topical anesthetics.
Language: Английский