Exploring the role of skin temperature in thermal sensation and thermal comfort: A comprehensive review

Energy and Built Environment, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 1, 2024

The role of skin temperature as a determinant human thermal sensation and comfort has gained increasing recognition, prompting need for systematic review. This review examines the relationship between sensation, synthesizing insights from 172 studies published since 2000. It uniquely focuses on indispensable roles local mean temperatures, perspective not comprehensively explored in previous literature. reveals that most common measurement points are face hands, attributed to their higher sensitivity practical ease measurement. establishes clear linear user though affected by choice locations number points. A notable finding is varying impact overall changing environments, with heating less influential than cooling. also uncovers significant demographic variations strongly influenced differing temperatures across age groups, genders, climatic regions. For example, elderly populations exhibit decreased sensitivity, especially towards warmth. Gender differences significant, females experiencing warmer environments lower colder ones. Machine learning (ML)-based methods, classification tree-based support vector machine (SVM) techniques, dominate predicting comfort, leveraging data. While ML methods prevalent, statistical regression-based approaches offer valuable empirical insights. Thermo-physiological model-based provide reliable results incorporating detailed dynamics. identifies gap understanding how gender, age, regional influence diverse environments. study recommends conducting more nuanced experiments dissect these factors proposes integration individual variables into models personalize predictions.

Language: Английский

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Integrating immersive virtual reality (VR) technologies and multimodal IoT-enabled wireless sensor networks for real-time smart human-centered HVAC building system interaction and thermal comfort assessment and visualization

Smart and Sustainable Built Environment, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 8, 2025

Purpose By harnessing technology developments such as Internet-of-Things (IoT)-enabled intelligent sensors and immersive virtual reality (VR) experiences, facility managers can access real-time, precise information on thermal comfort-related indicators through models. While prior research studies have developed key technologies for improving the understanding of comfort its impact occupants’ well-being productivity, there remain areas yet to be explored, especially in relation integrating both real-time data from multimodal IoT-enabled smart VR technologies. Hence, this study demonstrates potential IoT assessment visualization well user interaction with HVAC systems enhance comfort. Design/methodology/approach To develop proposed integrated analytical framework paper, various steps were implemented. First, four sensing stations created installed collect (i.e. temperature relative humidity). Second, a environment was using Unity engine offer an experience. Third, into by transmitting it cloud via MQTT protocol server, programming scripts provide multiple functionalities users, including visualizing along entire indoor space interacting controlling cooling heating systems. Fourth, applicability effectiveness validated evaluated 92 participants survey questionnaire. Findings The obtained results importance aspects graphical satisfaction, spatial presence, involvement, experienced realism, low-to-no cybersickness overall application among others. More specifically, findings reflected that participants’ average scores sense involvement realism 4.69, 4.61, 4.71 4.53 out 5, respectively. showed capabilities serve powerful feature enables comprehensive variations across room/office space. Also, no statistically significant differences between responses experience those limited-to-no experience, thus further highlighting usefulness not only users but also different skills background. Originality/value This has revolutionize way built environments are managed interacted with, where monitor, assess visualize interact control devices real-world distance framework’s ability dynamic continuously updated assessments conditions positions valuable tool prompt adjustments optimize levels. Ultimately, provides intuitive platform manage comfort, promoting healthier, more productive eco-friendly environments.

Language: Английский

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PMV modification model for low-pressure and non-uniform indoor environment

Applied Thermal Engineering, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 126266 - 126266

Published: March 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Fuzzy inference algorithm for quantifying thermal comfort in peri-urban environments

Environment Development and Sustainability, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Dec. 11, 2024

Language: Английский

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Experimental investigation of human local thermal sensation, skin temperature and skin heat flux of the lower human body under personalized heating conditions

Science and Technology for the Built Environment, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 15

Published: April 21, 2025

Language: Английский

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Universal Quantification of Thermal Sensation Based on body movements and Personalized Prediction Model for Thermal Expression

Journal of Building Engineering, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 112710 - 112710

Published: April 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Fusion of Thermal Images and Point Clouds for Enhanced Wall Temperature Uniformity Analysis in Building Environments

Energy and Buildings, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 115781 - 115781

Published: April 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Comparative Performance of a Field-Based Assessment of Human Thermal Comfort Indices in Urban Green Space

Sustainability, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(10), P. 4671 - 4671

Published: May 20, 2025

Urban green spaces, closely tied to local climates, significantly affect human comfort levels, yet existing assessment methods vary in applicability across different contexts and regions. Here, we determined the of two commonly used indices evaluate urban space types Hohhot City China, which is an arid semi-arid area. We established sites four (S1–S4) a control area (CK) through field-based assessment, collected meteorological data over 10 days each season from 2020 2021. Specifically, air temperature, relative humidity, average wind speed were observed 7:00 19:00. Air temperature was highest summer lowest winter. Throughout day, first increased then decreased, with maximum occurring later winter than other seasons. Relative humidity showed opposite diurnal trend there no significant differences between CK. The CK higher that types. HCILu classifies thermal levels seasons into distinct categories as uncomfortable, comfortable less comfortable, extremely uncomfortable. HCICMA further stratifies conditions at by cool refreshing, most slightly cool, cold, ranged 2.3 25.1, tended decrease increase on daily basis. Conversely, fluctuated throughout day 18.6 78.0. According HCILu, for 45% observation time, greater proportion time compared if calculated using HCICMA. strongly correlated speed. receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, under (AUC) 0.59–0.91, season, indicating suitability study site.

Language: Английский

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Experimental study on flow characteristics of jet ventilation in crossflow in confined mine spaces

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: April 5, 2024

Abstract The increasing depth of mine excavation presents greater challenges in ventilation and managing cooling energy consumption. Therefore, there is an urgent need for comprehensive research on jet influenced by low-speed crossflows. This study investigated the impact flow velocity ratios ( R ) exit diameters d flow-field distribution characteristics through measurements smoke visualization experiments. results revealed two distinct types air lakes formed crossflow (JVIC), with one being wall-attached other suspended. Notably, a significant secondary phenomenon was observed near-field near upper wall. Additionally, deflection angle θ j JVIC decreases as d/D increase, leading to formation movement semi-confined point (SP) confined (CP) - x direction. Moreover, wall confinement effect diminishes jet’s diffusion ability z direction, increased penetration Before SP, section lengthens, followed rapid shortening upon its formation. Finally, further developed empirical equations axial trajectory width.

Language: Английский

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Integrating CFD and thermoregulation models: A novel framework for thermal comfort analysis of non-uniform indoor environments

Energy and Buildings, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 115570 - 115570

Published: March 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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