The
use
of
pumps
operating
as
turbines
(PATs)
offers
the
possibility
to
increase
sustainability
water
and
energy
systems,
by
recovering
excess
that
would
be
otherwise
lost
in
system’s
normal
operation.
While
on-grid
applications
there
are
many
research
works
implementations
PATs,
is
still
limited
for
optimization
efficiency
stability
off-grid
systems.
This
work
contributes
development
stable
DC
systems
based
on
optimizing
analysing
different
electric
loads.
To
further
usefulness
this
work,
we
consider
a
self-excited
induction
generator
(SEIG)
coupled
PAT.
In
context,
methodology
proposed,
multiphysics
interaction
between
hydraulic,
mechanical
subsystems,
define
PAT-SEIG
operational
area
maximize
conversion
efficiency,
guarantee
output
quantities
when
system.
addition,
an
analytical
model
proposed
allow
project
system
managers
best
hydraulic
machines,
electronic
equipment,
all
control
elements
conversion,
within
target
limits.
develop
verify
our
methodology,
two
micro
PAT-SEIG-AC/DC
setups
were
implemented
laboratory
under
typical
conditions.
solution
proved
resilient
variable
load
regime.
maximum
can
adapted
using
values
capacitors
range
components
(input
voltage
DC/DC
converter
input
current
SEIG).
Considering
nominal
efficiencies
components,
p.u.
both
0.7
0.8
Journal of Physics Conference Series,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
2893(1), P. 012011 - 012011
Published: Nov. 1, 2024
Abstract
Pumped
Hydro
Energy
Storage
(PHES)
is
a
well-established
technology
offering
large
storage
capacities.
In
recent
years,
small-scale
PHES
plants
are
becoming
more
interesting,
due
to
their
possibility
of
being
integrated
with
renewable-based
microgrids.
However,
the
high
capital
costs
represent
most
critical
economic
factor
for
such
systems.
The
cost
hydraulic
machines
can
be
mitigated
by
using
commercial
centrifugal
pumps
in
reverse
mode
(the
so
called
Pump
as
Turbine,
PAT,
technology)
place
small
hydro-turbines.
One
main
issues
systems
that
operate
single
machine
procedure
followed
select
optimal
PAT
given
case
study.
this
study,
an
automatic
selection
method
was
developed,
utilizing
pump
data
and
optimization
algorithms
MATLAB
identify
configuration
based
on
site-specific
characteristics
user
load
profiles.
To
test
effectiveness
proposed
procedure,
study
located
Sardinia
(Italy)
coupled
photovoltaic
plant
considered.
Results
demonstrated
while
choice
closest
theoretical
best
efficiency
point
exhibit
higher
nominal
efficiencies,
actual
operational
efficiencies
showed
considerable
variation.
This
underscores
importance
both
developing
algorithm
capable
comparing
different
PATs
defining
determine
adequate
group
candidates.
Additionally,
number
installed
significantly
impacts
performance
Increasing
generally
enhances
flexibility
energy
usage
during
charging
phase,
leading
greater
output
discharge
phases.
operating
excessive
far
from
conditions
result
losses.
IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
1411(1), P. 012038 - 012038
Published: Nov. 1, 2024
Abstract
Pumped-Storage
Hydropower
Plants
(PSHPs)
are
a
well-established
technology
for
storing
large
amounts
of
energy
and
enhancing
the
power
systems
flexibility.
In
framework
Micro
Mini
Hydropower,
Pumps
as
Turbines
(PaTs)
could
represent
valid
cost-effective
solution
also
PSHPs.
Nonetheless,
lack
control
device
problem,
mainly
with
non-fixed
operating
conditions.
Additionally,
PaTs
show
generally
steep
efficiency
decrease
at
part
load.
Thus,
since
conventional
do
not
present
adjustable
geometries,
preliminary
sizing
an
Inlet
Guide
Vane
(IGV),
referring
to
turbine
mode,
is
proposed
in
this
work.
The
aim
work
propose
methodology
suitable
modify
baseline
PaT
introducing
IGV
perform
high
efficient
terms
flow
rate
pressure
drop.
machine
selected
study
centrifugal
pump
specific
speed,
n
q
,
equal
16.
inserted
between
volute
cutwater
impeller
by
reducing
diameter.
To
obtain
initial
stationary
blades
row
profile,
review
Francis
turbines
guide
vanes
design
methods
conducted.
Finally,
numerical
on
influence
number
performed.
The
use
of
pumps
operating
as
turbines
(PATs)
offers
the
possibility
to
increase
sustainability
water
and
energy
systems,
by
recovering
excess
that
would
be
otherwise
lost
in
system’s
normal
operation.
While
on-grid
applications
there
are
many
research
works
implementations
PATs,
is
still
limited
for
optimization
efficiency
stability
off-grid
systems.
This
work
contributes
development
stable
DC
systems
based
on
optimizing
analysing
different
electric
loads.
To
further
usefulness
this
work,
we
consider
a
self-excited
induction
generator
(SEIG)
coupled
PAT.
In
context,
methodology
proposed,
multiphysics
interaction
between
hydraulic,
mechanical
subsystems,
define
PAT-SEIG
operational
area
maximize
conversion
efficiency,
guarantee
output
quantities
when
system.
addition,
an
analytical
model
proposed
allow
project
system
managers
best
hydraulic
machines,
electronic
equipment,
all
control
elements
conversion,
within
target
limits.
develop
verify
our
methodology,
two
micro
PAT-SEIG-AC/DC
setups
were
implemented
laboratory
under
typical
conditions.
solution
proved
resilient
variable
load
regime.
maximum
can
adapted
using
values
capacitors
range
components
(input
voltage
DC/DC
converter
input
current
SEIG).
Considering
nominal
efficiencies
components,
p.u.
both
0.7
0.8
