A Systematic Review of Optimization Algorithms for Structural Health Monitoring and Optimal Sensor Placement

Sensors, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 23(6), P. 3293 - 3293

Published: March 20, 2023

In recent decades, structural health monitoring (SHM) has gained increased importance for ensuring the sustainability and serviceability of large complex structures. To design an SHM system that delivers optimal outcomes, engineers must make decisions on numerous specifications, including sensor types, numbers, placements, as well data transfer, storage, analysis techniques. Optimization algorithms are employed to optimize settings, such configuration, significantly impact quality information density captured and, hence, performance. Optimal placement (OSP) is defined sensors results in least amount cost while meeting predefined performance requirements. An optimization algorithm generally finds “best available” values objective function, given a specific input (or domain). Various algorithms, from random search heuristic have been developed by researchers different purposes, OSP. This paper comprehensively reviews most The article focuses following: (I) definition all its components, systems damage detection methods, (II) problem formulation OSP current (III) introduction their (IV) how various existing methodologies can be applied methods. Our comprehensive comparative review revealed applying systems, use OSP, derive solution, become increasingly common resulted development sophisticated methods tailored SHM. also demonstrates these using artificial intelligence (AI), highly accurate fast at solving problems.

Language: Английский

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Application of Machine Learning for Real-Time Structural Integrity Assessment of Bridges

CivilEng, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 6(1), P. 2 - 2

Published: Jan. 7, 2025

The concept of digital twins (DT)s enhances traditional structural health monitoring (SHM) by integrating real-time data with models for predictive maintenance and decision-making whilst combined finite element modelling (FEM). However, the computational demand FE necessitates surrogate performance, alongside requirement inverse analysis to infer overall behaviour via measured response a structure. A FEM-based machine learning (ML) model is an ideal option in this context, as it can be trained perform those calculations instantly based on FE-based training data. performance depends ML architecture. In light, current study investigates three distinct DTs. It was identified that all demonstrated strong tree-based outperforming neural network (NN) model. highest accuracy random forest (RF) error 0.000350, lowest inference time observed XGBoost algorithm, which at approximately 1 millisecond. By leveraging capabilities ML, FEM, DTs, presents solution implementing DTs advance functionalities SHM systems.

Language: Английский

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Concrete reinforcement using composite fiberglass-based materials

The Journal of Engineering and Exact Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 9(7), P. 16530 - 01e

Published: Sept. 6, 2023

Numerous existing structures, both old and new, have serious load-bearing capacity issues, which, in some cases, could endanger the safety of their users. In fact, we can say that these structures are nearing (or already reached) end useful lives, necessitating need to find technical financial solutions renovate them as efficiently possible. Many reinforced concrete bridges experience advanced states deterioration a result extended exposure hostile environments or even continuously rising use loads. Additionally, since time construction, standards used for design dimensioning had be updated. As result, structural components still do not adhere response it is frequently less expensive reinforce buildings than perform full reconstruction, especially now that, thanks technological advancements, variety reinforcement techniques available costs decreasing. One such technique involves externally reinforcing elements with composite materials because superior strength-to-weight ratio resistance abrasion. utilized column containment well shear bending beams. This study aims evaluate impact glass fibers on general behavior concrete, particular its resistance, deformations, ductility, using FRP: Fiber-reinforced plastics generally formed two main distinct elements: fiber, "made from glass," matrix, "an epoxy resin allows transfer loads between fibers. The results specimens' cyclic loading tests attest significance contribution specimen confinement FRP make terms deformation compression after completion static tests. However, ability withstand unloading cycles reveal very significant improvement.

Language: Английский

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Study on Dynamic Characteristics of Long-Span Highway-Rail Double-Tower Cable-Stayed Bridge

Buildings, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(6), P. 1733 - 1733

Published: June 9, 2024

The long-span dual-purpose highway-rail double-tower cable-stayed bridge has the characteristics of a large span and load-bearing capacity. Compared with traditional bridge, its wind resistance seismic are weaker, dynamic closely related to bearing capacity bridge. This study investigated influence variations member parameters on then improved To provide necessary experimental theory for research work bridges, this paper takes world’s longest as background, using finite element analysis software Midas Civil 2022 v1.2 establish three-dimensional model whole by changing steel truss beam stiffness, cable pylon auxiliary pier position, well parameter changes results show that can be enhanced increasing stiffness beam, cable, tower. mainly affects transverse bending flexural coupling is weak. tower comprehensively affect torsional position piers should determined according site conditions. In practical engineering, components weak links bridges improve save costs.

Language: Английский

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Efficiency Assessment of Urban Road Networks Connecting Critical Node Pairs under Seismic Hazard

Sustainability, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(17), P. 7465 - 7465

Published: Aug. 29, 2024

Building resilient infrastructure is at the core of sustainable development, as evidenced by UN Sustainable Development Goal 9. In fact, effective operation road networks crucial and strategic for smooth functioning a nation’s economy. This also fundamental from sustainability perspective, efficient transportation reduce traffic, thus, their environmental impact. However, are constantly risk traffic closure and/or limitations due to plurality natural hazards. These stressors, among other factors like aging degradation structural materials, negatively affect disaster resilience both single components system networks. estimation such indices requires broad multidisciplinary vision. this work, framework application large delineated. proposed methodology, seismic hazard considered, its corresponding impacts on evaluated. The assessment encompasses not only network (including squares, roads, bridges, viaducts) but buildings that located in urban area interact with network. context, probability will suffer seismic-induced collapse produce partial or total obstruction roads considered. scheme designed implementation different geographical contexts using geo-referenced data include information about specific risks alternative rerouting options. methodology expected support mitigation functionality loss after disasters, contributing economic social dimensions sustainability. To evaluate two case studies focusing specifically hospital-to-hospital connections were conducted Naples Turin, Italy. approach versatile can be extended critical infrastructures, theatres, stadiums, educational facilities.

Language: Английский

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Reducing false alarms in structural health monitoring systems by exploiting time information via Binomial Distribution Classifier

Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 207, P. 110938 - 110938

Published: Nov. 16, 2023

Language: Английский

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Experimental and Numerical Simulation Study on Residual Stress of Single-Sided Full-Penetration Welded Rib-to-Deck Joint of Orthotropic Steel Bridge Deck

Buildings, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(9), P. 2641 - 2641

Published: Aug. 26, 2024

Orthotropic steel bridge decks (OSDs) play a key role in long-span bridges, and full-penetration welding technology is crucial to improve their structural performance. This study proposes an innovative single-sided rib-to-deck (RTD) joint technology. The accuracy of the numerical simulation predicting temperature field stress was verified by combination experimental simulation, residual (WRS) welded RTD joints analyzed. In addition, effects different parameters geometry on WRS are discussed. results show that consistent with results, indicating without groove feasible. shows peak tensile near weld, which gradually decreases transforms into compressive as distance increases. roof surface U-rib increases slightly increase thickness speed. research great significance optimize process, fatigue performance, prolong service life decks, providing new technical method for engineering.

Language: Английский

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Structure-to-Human Interaction (H2SI): Pedestrian Response to Oscillating Footbridges and Considerations on Their Structural Control and Health Monitoring

Infrastructures, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 10(1), P. 9 - 9

Published: Jan. 3, 2025

This review paper investigates the current state of research on structure-to-human interaction (S2HI) in monitoring and control cyclo-pedestrian footbridges, focusing specifically biodynamic effects oscillations pedestrians. Its aim is, therefore, twofold: In first half, it examines limited but evolving understanding human gait responses to vertical horizontal vibrations at frequencies amplitudes characteristic footbridge dynamics. The second half includes a detailed analysis various modelling strategies for simulating pedestrian crowd dynamics, emphasising movements stationary behaviours induced by structural vibrations. is highlight strengths limitations these approaches, particularly their capability incorporate biomechanical factors responses. findings indicate that existing studies predominantly focus human-to-structure (HSI), often neglecting reciprocal S2HI, with many results literature failing adequately address biomechanics single pedestrians or crowds experiencing bridges. gap underscores need more precise comprehensive field improve dynamic interactions between multiple walking individuals vibrations, especially vulnerable elderly people mobility. Furthermore, considerations regarding impact Structural Control Health Monitoring alleviate issues are briefly discussed, highlighting potential optimise performance terms comfort.

Language: Английский

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Damage Detection for a Cantilevered Steel I-Beam through Deep-Learning Methods: LSTM, Multivariate Time-Series Transformer, and LSTM-Based Autoencoder

Journal of Computing in Civil Engineering, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 39(2)

Published: Jan. 9, 2025

Language: Английский

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Research on the application scenarios of a smart bridge management platform: An analysis of mapping knowledge domain based on bridge management

Measurement, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 116756 - 116756

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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