Inorganics,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
13(5), P. 143 - 143
Published: April 30, 2025
Realistic
applications
of
zinc–air
batteries
are
hindered
by
the
high
cost
Pt/C
cathode
catalysts,
necessitating
search
for
alternative,
sustainable
electrocatalysts.
In
this
work,
we
developed
a
Fe3C/Fe-Nx-C
catalyst
from
waste
coffee
biomass
an
oxygen
reduction
reaction
(ORR)
in
alkaline
electrolytes
and
battery
applications.
The
was
synthesized
via
mechanochemical
synthesis
strategy
using
melamine
EDTA–Fe
chelate
complex,
followed
pyrolysis
at
900
°C.
obtained
evaluated
detailed
ORR
activity
stability.
results
show
that
displayed
excellent
with
E1/2
0.93
V
vs.
RHE,
Tafel
slope
68
mV
dec−1,
3.95
e−
transfer
O2
molecule,
ECSA
values.
addition,
exhibited
stability
loss
75
10,000
potential
cycles,
~14%
relative
currents
chronoamperometric
test.
When
applied
as
battery,
delivered
power
density
81
mW
cm−2
admirable
electrochemical
under
galvanostatic
discharge
conditions.
Furthermore,
practical
application
demonstrated
panel
LEDs
illuminated
dual-cell
connected
series,
clearly
validating
practically
catalysts
use
various
energy
storage
electronic
devices.
Nano Energy,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
115, P. 108718 - 108718
Published: July 17, 2023
Electrocatalysts
play
a
pivotal
role
in
reducing
the
reaction
barriers
for
key
reactions
such
as
oxygen
reduction
(ORR),
evolution
(OER),
and
hydrogen
(HER),
which
are
essential
development
of
environment-friendly
energy
conversion
devices
including
metal
air
batteries
(MABs),
proton
exchange
membrane
fuel
cells
(PEMFCs),
oxyhydrogen
(OFC),
water
electrolyzers
(WE).
Despite
acknowledged
effectiveness
noble
metals
(Pt,
Ir,
Ru-based)
electrocatalysts,
their
high
cost
scarcity
greatly
limit
large-scale
application.
Thus,
there
is
an
urgent
need
to
design
low
precious
loading/noble
metal-free
electrocatalysts.
The
electronic
structure
plays
crucial
determining
efficiency
electron
transfer
during
electrochemical
reactions.
Modifying
can
facilitate
charge
processes
or
create
efficient
active
sites
with
barriers,
both
beneficial
designing
electrocatalysts
catalytic
activity.
In
this
article,
we
review
strategies
modifying
materials
without
introducing
other
phases
(known
self-modification)
multi-phase
modification).
Specifically,
self-modification
heteroatom
doping,
edge/vacancy
engineering,
functional
group
introducing,
tuning
exposed
crystal
planes,
modification
regarding
heterostructure
creation
analyzed
detail.
These
useful
that
reinforce
process
Additionally,
two
approaches
accelerating
on
electrode
bind-free/integrated
constructing
assembly,
have
also
been
discussed
pushing
forward
practical
At
last,
provide
comprehensive
summary
future
perspectives
self-modification/multi-phase
application
these
low-cost
article.
Advanced Materials,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
35(39)
Published: July 14, 2023
Abstract
Fe–N–C
catalyst
for
oxygen
reduction
reaction
(ORR)
has
been
considered
as
the
most
promising
nonprecious
metal
due
to
its
comparable
catalytic
performance
Pt
in
proton
exchange
membrane
fuel
cells
(PEMFCs).
The
active
centers
of
Fe–pyrrolic
N
4
have
proven
be
extremely
ORR.
However,
forming
a
stable
structure
is
huge
challenge.
Here,
Cyan‐Fe–N–C
with
intrinsic
center
constructed
help
axial
Fe
C
atomic
clusters,
which
shows
half‐wave
potential
up
0.836
V
(vs.
RHE)
acid
environment.
More
remarkably,
it
delivers
high
power
density
870
and
478
mW
cm
−2
at
1.0
bar
H
2
–O
–Air
cells,
respectively.
According
theoretical
calculation
situ
spectroscopy,
can
provide
strong
electronic
perturbation
Fe–N
centers,
leading
d‐orbital
electron
delocalization
bond
charge
distribution,
stabilizes
optimizes
OH*
adsorption
during
process.
This
work
proposes
new
strategy
adjust
single‐atom
catalysts
based
on
interaction
between
single
atoms
clusters.
ACS Applied Nano Materials,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
6(18), P. 16873 - 16881
Published: Aug. 31, 2023
One-dimensional
metal/N-doped
carbons
have
exhibited
promise
for
use
as
efficient
catalysts
of
the
oxygen
reduction
reaction
(ORR).
In
this
work,
Fe,N-doped
carbon
nanotubes
(Fe-NC@NCNT)
are
developed
by
pyrolyzing
precursor/template
a
polypyrrole
(PPy)
nanotube-anchored
Fe/Zn-based
zeolite
imidazole
framework.
Thanks
to
hierarchical
tubular
nanostructure,
high
electronic
conductivity,
and
abundant
Fe-based
species
(Fe-Nx
sites
Fe/Fe3C
nanoparticles),
designed
electrocatalyst
exhibits
catalytic
property
comparable
that
commercial
Pt/C.
Specifically,
Fe-NC@NCNT
catalyst
undergoes
four-electron
ORR
pathway
with
an
onset
potential
0.96
V
half-wave
0.88
versus
reversible
hydrogen
electrode,
small
Tafel
slope
60.0
mV
dec–1,
remarkable
long-term
cycle
durability,
well
strong
alcohol
tolerance
in
alkaline
electrolyte.
When
applied
air-electrode
rechargeable
zinc–air
batteries,
Fe-NC@NCNT-catalyzed
liquid-state
battery
delivers
open-circuit
voltage
1.44
maximum
power
density
115
mW
cm–2
specific
capacity
814
mAh
g–1,
outperforming
those
assembled
Pt/C
+
RuO2.
addition,
as-assembled
solid-state
displays
desirable
rechargeability
electrochemical
flexibility.
The
present
study
establishes
facile
dual-template
approach
fabricate
highly
inexpensive
electrocatalysts
toward
application
metal–air
batteries.
Energy & Environmental Science,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
17(5), P. 1725 - 1755
Published: Jan. 1, 2024
This
article
summarizes
the
regulation
strategies
of
Fe-based
MOFs-derived
electrocatalysts
for
ZABs,
and
provides
a
prospect
their
future
development.
Electron,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
2(1)
Published: Feb. 1, 2024
Abstract
Metal–air
batteries,
fuel
cells,
and
electrochemical
H
2
O
production
currently
attract
substantial
consideration
in
the
energy
sector
owing
to
their
efficiency
eco‐consciousness.
However,
broader
use
is
hindered
by
complex
oxygen
reduction
reaction
(ORR)
that
occurs
at
cathodes
involves
intricate
electron
transfers.
Despite
significant
ORR
performance
of
platinum‐based
catalysts,
high
cost,
operational
limitations,
susceptibility
methanol
poisoning
hinder
implementation.
This
emphasizes
need
for
efficient
non‐precious
metal‐based
electrocatalysts.
A
promising
approach
utilizing
single‐atom
catalysts
(SACs)
featuring
metal–nitrogen–carbon
(M‐N‐C)
coordination
sites.
SACs
offer
advantages
such
as
optimal
utilization
metal
atoms,
uniform
active
centers,
precisely
defined
catalytic
sites,
robust
metal–support
interactions.
symmetrical
distribution
around
central
atom
a
site
(M‐N
4
)
often
results
suboptimal
performance.
challenge
can
be
addressed
carefully
tailoring
surrounding
environment
center.
review
specifically
focuses
on
recent
advancements
Fe‐N
within
Fe‐N‐C
SACs.
It
highlights
strategy
coupling
sites
with
clusters
and/or
nanoparticles,
which
enhances
intrinsic
activity.
By
capitalizing
interplay
between
associated
species,
overall
improved.
The
combines
findings
from
experimental
studies
density
functional
theory
simulations,
covering
synthesis
strategies
coupled
synergistic
characterization
techniques,
influence
particles
offering
comprehensive
outlook,
aims
encourage
research
into
high‐efficiency
Fe
real‐world
applications
coming
years.
Advanced Science,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
11(22)
Published: April 5, 2024
Abstract
The
shortage
and
unevenness
of
fossil
energy
sources
are
affecting
the
development
progress
human
civilization.
technology
efficiently
converting
material
resources
into
for
utilization
storage
is
attracting
attention
researchers.
Environmentally
friendly
biomass
materials
a
treasure
to
drive
new‐generation
sources.
Electrochemical
theory
used
convert
chemical
substances
electrical
energy.
In
recent
years,
significant
has
been
made
in
green
economical
electrocatalysts
oxygen
reduction
reaction
(ORR).
Although
many
reviews
have
reported
around
application
biomass‐derived
catalytically
active
carbon
(CAC)
catalysts
ORR,
these
only
selected
single/partial
topic
(including
synthesis
preparation
from
different
sources,
structural
optimization,
or
performance
enhancement
methods
based
on
CAC
catalysts,
CACs)
discussion.
There
no
review
that
systematically
addresses
latest
synthesis,
enhancement,
applications
related
CAC‐based
synchronously.
This
fills
gap
by
providing
timely
comprehensive
summary
following
sections:
exposition
basic
catalytic
principles
composition
properties
various
types
biomass,
analysis
traditional
popular
optimization
strategies,
practical
oxidative
electrocatalysts.
provides
advances
provide
research
directions
design
ideas
catalyst
synthesis/optimization
contributes
industrialization
electrocatalysis
electric
storage.
