Chemosphere,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
299, P. 134373 - 134373
Published: March 18, 2022
The
ongoing
COVID-19
pandemic
is
leading
to
an
increase
of
the
global
production
plastics
since
use
personal
protective
equipment
(PPEs,
i.e.
gloves,
gowns,
masks,
packaging
items),
has
become
mandatory
prevent
spread
virus.
Plastic
breaks
down
into
micro/nano
particles
due
physical
or
chemical
biological
actions
environment.
Due
small
dimensions,
ubiquitous
and
persistent
nature,
plastic
represent
a
significant
threat
ecosystems
can
entry
food
chains.
Among
polymers
used
for
PPEs,
polystyrene
less
studied
regarding
its
eco-geno-toxicity.
This
study
aims
investigate
acute,
chronic
subchronic
effects
microplastic
beads
(PS-MP,
size
1.0
μm)
on
three
freshwater
species,
alga
Raphidocelis
subcapitata,
rotifer
Brachionus
calyciflorus,
crustacean
Ceriodaphnia
dubia
benthic
ostracod
Heterocypris
incongruens.
Furthermore,
potential
genotoxicity
ROS
PS-MP
were
also
determined
in
C.
dubia.
Results
revealed
that
acute
occurred
at
concentrations
order
dozens
mg/L
B.
calyciflorus
hundreds
H.
Regarding
long-term
toxicity,
increasing
with
EC50s
units
(C.
dubia),
(B.
calyciflorus)
thousands
(R.
subcapitata)
μg/L
observed.
Both
chronic/sub
daphnids
more
sensitive
than
ostracods.
Moreover,
when
neonates
exposed
PS-MP,
alterations
genetic
material
as
well
occurred,
starting
from
μg/L,
probably
inflammatory
responses.
At
last,
risk
quotient
(RQ)
measure
posed
by
PS-MPs
environment,
was
calculated
obtaining
value
7.2,
higher
threshold
1.
Environmental Technology & Innovation,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
26, P. 102290 - 102290
Published: Jan. 11, 2022
During
the
COVID-19
pandemic,
extensive
use
of
face
masks
and
protective
personal
equipment
(PPE)
kits
has
led
to
increasing
degree
microplastic
pollution
(MP)
because
they
are
typically
discarded
into
seas,
rivers,
streets,
other
parts
environment.
Currently,
a
negative
impact
on
environment
high-level
fragmentation.
Typically,
MP
can
be
detected
by
various
techniques,
such
as
microscopic
analysis,
density
separation,
Fourier
transform
infrared
spectrometry.
However,
there
limited
studies
disposable
PPE
kits.
A
wide
range
marine
species
ingest
MPs
in
form
fibers
fragments,
which
directly
affect
human
health;
thus,
more
research
development
needed
effect
health.
This
article
provides
perspective
origin
distribution
waterbodies
(e.g.,
ponds,
lakes,
seas)
wastewater
treatment
plants,
reviews
possible
remediation
related
excessive
disposal
aquatic
environments.
Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
2022(1)
Published: Jan. 1, 2022
One
of
the
most
important
aspects
supply
chain
management
(SCM)
is
recovery
network
(RN),
which
covers
all
activities
associated
with
return
products
(such
as
collection,
recovery,
repair,
recycling,
and
waste
disposal).
Our
goal
in
this
paper
to
provide
a
new
mathematical
model
sustainable
end‐of‐life
(SEOLM)
during
COVID‐19
pandemic
for
readers.
The
suggested
(RNM)
can
explain
trade‐offs
between
economic
(minimizing
total
costs),
environmental
bad
impacts),
social
impacts)
great
lockdown.
A
RN
be
designed
hygienic
design
when
taking
environmental,
economic,
considerations
into
account.
It
proposes
guidelines
managers
scholars
on
how
address
(RND)
challenges
through
article
approach.
scalarization
approach
multi‐objective
mixed‐integer
programming
(MOMIP)
problem
weighted
sum
method.
validation
presented
related
Pareto
frontier
has
been
illustrated
by
case
study
numerical
example.
To
perform
optimization
process,
Lingo
software
used.
Foundations of Computing and Decision Sciences,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
47(4), P. 327 - 358
Published: Dec. 1, 2022
Abstract
This
paper
aims
to
introduce
a
framework
measure
the
sustainable
performance
of
supply
chain
(SC)
during
COVID-19
pandemic.
The
SC
stakeholders
in
this
investigation
are
Suppliers,
Production
/
Remanufacturing
Refurbishing
Centers
(Factories),
Collection
Distribution
Centers,
Recycling
Landfill
and
Customers.
suggested
(SSC)
measurement
included
three
pillars
with
23
indicators.
To
evaluate
overall
sustainability
understudy,
composite
index
has
been
developed
that
combines
all
indicators
reflect
SC.
Four
steps
involved
creating
index:1)
measuring
value
indicators,
2)
weighing
3)
Using
normalization
technique,
4)
Evaluating
SSC
indicator.
real
case
Iran
is
selected
as
an
illustrative
case.
Our
research
contributions
are:
We
novelty
indicator
better
show
economic,
environmental,
social
tradeoffs
pandemic
lockdowns.
have
found
measured
negative
positive
impacts
on
aspects
Based
achieved
data
study,
numerical
example
represented
explain
how
calculate
index.
main
contribution
development
epidemic.
Chemical Society Reviews,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
52(14), P. 4755 - 4832
Published: Jan. 1, 2023
Diversification
of
polymer
waste
recycling
is
one
the
solutions
to
improve
current
environmental
scenario.
Upcycling
a
promising
strategy
for
converting
into
molecular
intermediates
and
high-value
products.
Although
catalytic
transformations
small
molecules
have
been
actively
discussed,
methods
characteristics
upcycling
new
materials
not
yet
addressed.
Recently,
functionalisation
wastes
(polyethylene
terephthalate
bottles,
polypropylene
surgical
masks,
rubber
tires,
etc.)
their
conversion
with
enhanced
functionality
proposed
as
an
appealing
alternative
dealing
recycling/treatment.
In
this
review,
term
'functional
upcycling'
introduced
designate
any
method
post-polymerisation
modification
or
surface
without
considerable
chain
destruction
produce
upcycled
material
added
value.
This
review
explores
functional
detailed
consideration
most
common
polymers,
i.e.,
polystyrene,
poly(methyl
methacrylate),
polyethylene,
polypropylene,
polyurethane,
polyethylene
terephthalate,
polyvinyl
chloride,
polycarbonate,
rubber.
We
discuss
composition
plastic
waste,
reactivity,
available
physical/chemical
agents
modification,
interconnection
between
properties
application.
To
date,
successfully
applied
adsorbents
(including
CO2),
catalysts,
electrode
energy
storage
sensing,
demonstrating
high
Importantly,
reviewed
reports
indicated
that
specific
performance
generally
comparable
higher
than
similar
prepared
from
virgin
feedstock.
All
these
advantages
promote
diversification
approach
against
postprocessing
employed
waste.
Finally,
identify
limitations
suggest
future
scope
research
each
polymer,
we
comparatively
analysed
aspects
those
chemical
mechanical
recycling,
considering
resource
costs,
toxicity
used
chemicals,
footprint,
value
product.