Atmosphere,
Journal Year:
2017,
Volume and Issue:
8(3), P. 62 - 62
Published: March 22, 2017
Nitrate
is
a
very
important
aerosol
component,
thus
elucidation
of
its
characteristics
and
formation
mechanisms
essential
for
effective
reduction
pollution.
In
this
work,
highly
time-resolved
submicron
(PM1)
data
measured
by
Aerodyne
mass
spectrometers
(AMS)
in
Nanjing,
Beijing
Lanzhou
during
both
summer
winter
were
integrated
to
investigate
the
nitrate
behaviors
urban
China
air.
Results
showed
that
occupied
1/8–1/4
PM1
mass,
typically
higher
than
those
observed
rural/remote
regions.
Relative
fractions
also
varied
significantly
at
different
pollution
levels.
generally
increased
with
increase
loadings
summer,
while
contributions
first
then
decreased
We
further
propose
there
are
least
three
likely
govern
behaviors:
Type
I—thermodynamics
driven,
II—photochemistry
III—planetary
boundary
layer
(PBL)
dynamics
driven.
Analyses
ammonium-sulfate-nitrate
revealed
ammonium
was
able
form
before
sulfuric
acid
fully
neutralized
some
areas.
Our
findings
provide
useful
insights
into
characterization
fine
particulate
Environment International,
Journal Year:
2020,
Volume and Issue:
143, P. 105927 - 105927
Published: June 30, 2020
Fine
particulate
matter
(with
aerodynamic
diameter
≤2.5
µm,
PM2.5)
causes
huge
disease
burden
worldwide.
However,
evidence
is
still
inadequate
and
inconsistent
on
the
relationships
between
PM2.5
constituents
mortality,
especially
in
low
resource
settings.
To
evaluate
impact
of
cause-specific
mortality
China.
We
obtained
daily
data
for
161
communities
2011–2013
from
Disease
Surveillance
Point
system
Daily
concentrations
major
constituents,
including
organic
carbon
(OC),
elemental
(EC),
sulphate
(SO42-),
nitrate
(NO3-)
ammonium
(NH4+),
were
estimated
by
using
modified
Community
Multiscale
Air
Quality
model.
For
each
community,
we
applied
quasi-Poisson
regression
polynomial
distributed
lag
models
to
estimate
effects
mortality.
Then,
pooled
effect
estimates
calculated
a
random-effect
meta-analysis
based
restricted
maximum
likelihood
estimation.
Stratification
analyses
performed
region,
gender,
age
group
education
level
identify
vulnerable
populations.
Each
interquartile
range
change
EC,
OC,
SO42-,
NO3-
NH4+
at
0–3
day
was
associated
with
increments
non-accidental
0.45%
(95%CI:
0.21,
0.69),
1.43%
(0.97,
1.89),
0.71%
(0.28,
1.15),
0.70%
(0.10,
1.30)
0.95%
(0.39,
1.51),
respectively.
The
associations
stronger
deaths
cardiovascular
myocardial
infarction,
elderly,
illiterates,
people
living
South
region.
Our
findings
suggest
positive
particularly
infarction.
Particle and Fibre Toxicology,
Journal Year:
2020,
Volume and Issue:
17(1)
Published: Dec. 1, 2020
Ambient
and
indoor
air
pollution
contributes
annually
to
approximately
seven
million
premature
deaths.
Air
is
a
complex
mixture
of
gaseous
particulate
materials.
In
particular,
fine
matter
(PM2.5)
plays
major
mortality
risk
factor
particularly
on
cardiovascular
diseases
through
mechanisms
atherosclerosis,
thrombosis
inflammation.
A
review
the
PM2.5-induced
atherosclerosis
needed
better
understand
involved
mechanisms.
this
review,
we
summarized
epidemiology
animal
studies
atherosclerosis.
Vascular
endothelial
injury
critical
early
predictor
The
evidence
supports
effects
vascular
function.
Thus,
main
PM2.5-triggered
injury,
which
mainly
three
aspects,
including
permeability,
vasomotor
function
reparative
capacity.
Then
reviewed
relationship
between
associated
with
inflammation,
pro-coagulation
lipid
deposition.
Although
undergoing
continual
refinement,
are
still
limited,
especially
PM2.5.
Subsequent
efforts
researchers
improve
understanding
PM2.5
Preventing
or
avoiding
damage
may
greatly
reduce
occurrence
development
Atmosphere,
Journal Year:
2017,
Volume and Issue:
8(3), P. 62 - 62
Published: March 22, 2017
Nitrate
is
a
very
important
aerosol
component,
thus
elucidation
of
its
characteristics
and
formation
mechanisms
essential
for
effective
reduction
pollution.
In
this
work,
highly
time-resolved
submicron
(PM1)
data
measured
by
Aerodyne
mass
spectrometers
(AMS)
in
Nanjing,
Beijing
Lanzhou
during
both
summer
winter
were
integrated
to
investigate
the
nitrate
behaviors
urban
China
air.
Results
showed
that
occupied
1/8–1/4
PM1
mass,
typically
higher
than
those
observed
rural/remote
regions.
Relative
fractions
also
varied
significantly
at
different
pollution
levels.
generally
increased
with
increase
loadings
summer,
while
contributions
first
then
decreased
We
further
propose
there
are
least
three
likely
govern
behaviors:
Type
I—thermodynamics
driven,
II—photochemistry
III—planetary
boundary
layer
(PBL)
dynamics
driven.
Analyses
ammonium-sulfate-nitrate
revealed
ammonium
was
able
form
before
sulfuric
acid
fully
neutralized
some
areas.
Our
findings
provide
useful
insights
into
characterization
fine
particulate
