The
ecological
risks
of
biochar-derived
dissolved
organic
matter
(DOM)
to
soil
invertebrates
at
different
organismal
levels
remains
limited.
This
study
comprehensively
explored
the
DOM
on
earthworm
gut
through
assessments
enzyme
activity
response,
histopathology,
microbiomes,
and
metabolomics.
Results
demonstrated
that
disturbed
digestive
enzymes
in
earthworm,
especially
for
10%
DOM300
groups.
integrated
biomarker
response
v2
(IBRv2)
indicated
perturbation
induced
by
was
both
time-dependent
dose-dependent.
Pathological
observations
revealed
damaged
intestinal
epithelium
lumen
earthworms.
Analysis
16S
rRNA
from
microbiota
showed
a
significant
decrease
genera
(Verminephrobacter,
Bacillus,
Microbacteriaceae)
associated
with
inflammation,
disease,
detoxification
processes.
PICRUSt
predictions
stress
responses
metabolism-related
genes
(encoded
glutathione
transferase,
long-chain
fatty
acid-CoA
ligases,
monosaccharide-transport
ATPase)
treatments.
Furthermore,
caused
abnormality
metabolites,
such
as
glutamate,
fumaric
acid,
pyruvate,
citric
which
were
involved
energy
metabolism,
These
findings
contributed
improve
our
understanding
toxic
mechanism
biochar
multiple
perspectives.
Ferroferric
oxide
nanoparticles
(Fe3O4
NPs)
are
widely
utilized
as
nanoenabled
agrochemicals
and
soil
remediation
agents,
with
functional
modification
significantly
enhancing
their
stability
biocompatibility.
However,
excessive
use
of
Fe3O4
NPs
may
pose
unassessed
ecological
risks
in
soils,
particularly
concerning
the
regulatory
role
two
most
common
surface
modifiers
polyvinylpyrrolidone
(PVP)
citric
acid
(CA)
which
influence
interactions
organisms
potential
toxicity.
This
study
evaluated
nanotoxic
effects
bare
(B-Fe3O4
NPs),
CA-Fe3O4
NPs,
PVP-Fe3O4
on
Eisenia
fetida
ecosystems.
After
7
days
exposure,
B-,
CA-
decreased
weight
earthworms,
caused
oxidative
stress
tissue
damage.
Functional
showed
increased
accumulation
earthworms
while
alleviating
homeostatic
imbalance
by
accelerating
activation
related
enzymes.
Moreover,
hyperspectral
pathological
observations
indicated
that
CA
PVP
modifications
effectively
alleviated
damage
via
an
improvement
NP
biocompatibility,
dispersion
evidenced
levels
inositol
metabolites,
has
been
upregulated
more
B-Fe3O4
NPs.
Significant
metabolic
disturbances
were
observed,
indicating
forced
to
adjust
amino
metabolism
consume
energy
detoxify
repair
work
supplements
toxic
assessment
provides
crucial
insights
for
optimizing
safety
through
functionalization.
Toxics,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
11(6), P. 514 - 514
Published: June 7, 2023
Soil
pollution
is
a
global
environmental
problem.
Nanoscale
zero-valent
iron
(nZVI)
as
kind
of
emerging
remedial
material
used
for
contaminated
soil,
which
can
quickly
and
effectively
degrade
remove
pollutants
such
organic
halides,
nitrates
heavy
metals
in
respectively.
However,
nZVI
its
composites
enter
the
soil
environment
application
process,
affect
physical
chemical
properties
be
absorbed
by
microorganisms
growth
metabolism
microorganisms,
thus
affecting
ecological
entire
soil.
Because
potential
risks
to
ecosystems,
this
paper
summarizes
current
remediation
environments,
various
factors
toxic
effects
particles
comprehensively
analyzes
on
mechanisms
cell
defense
behaviors
provide
theoretical
reference
subsequent
biosafety
research
nZVI.
Eco-Environment & Health,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
3(1), P. 80 - 88
Published: Nov. 29, 2023
Disrupting
effects
of
pollutants
on
symbiotic
microbiota
have
been
regarded
as
an
important
mechanism
host
toxicity,
with
most
current
research
focusing
the
intestinal
microbiota.
In
fact,
epidermal
microbiota,
which
participates
in
nutrient
exchange
between
hosts
and
environments,
could
play
a
crucial
role
toxicity
via
community
changes.
To
compare
contributions
microorganisms
to
this
study
designed
single
combined
scenarios
soil
contamination
[nano
zero-valent
iron
tris
(2-chloroethyl)
phosphate],
revealed
coupling
mechanisms
intestinal/epidermal
bacterial
communities
earthworm
toxicological
endpoints.
Microbiome
analysis
showed
that
15%
microbes
were
highly
correlated
endpoints,
compared
45%
showing
similar
correlation.
Functional
comparisons
key
species
epidermis
mainly
heterotrophic
genetic
abilities
utilize
metal
elements
carbohydrate
nutrients.
Further
verifications
demonstrated
when
facing
co-contamination
nZVI
TCEP,
certain
became
dominant
consumed
zinc,
copper,
manganese
along
saccharides
amino
acids,
may
be
responsible
for
nutritional
deficiencies
earthworms.
The
findings
can
enrich
understanding
relationship
highlighting
importance
resistance
environmental
pollution.
Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
54(11), P. 883 - 907
Published: Nov. 19, 2023
Human
activities
have
released
numerous
environmental
pollutants,
posing
significant
risks
to
ecological
systems
and
human
health.
Toxicity
assessment
of
pollutants
generally
contains
several
principal
aspects,
i.e.,
toxicity
levels,
mechanisms
origins.
Conventional
assays
can
only
address
one
the
mentioned
criteria,
e.g.,
level
quantification
by
physicochemical
methods
mechanism
characterization
molecular-based
analytical
approaches.
A
comprehensive
ecotoxicity
risk
is
increasingly
demanded
diagnose
identify
source-apportion
origin.
This
review
critically
summarizes
conventional
for
proposes
a
biosensor-biospectroscopy
coupling
(BBC)
based
test
battery
approach
achieve
source-appointment
ecotoxicity.
It
shows
adequate
abilities
interrogate
levels
mechanisms,
distinguish
synergistic
antagonistic
effects
multiple
toxicities,
which
be
potentially
incorporated
into
real-time
water
quality
monitoring
wastewater
treatment
plants,
on-site
devices
long-term
evaluation
remediation
performance
at
contaminated
sites
retrospectively,
or
rapid
contaminants
in
matrices
emergency
response.
Advances in environmental engineering and green technologies book series,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown, P. 126 - 147
Published: May 1, 2024
The
soil's
composition,
structure,
and
nutrients
have
altered
throughout
time.
These
changes
are
natural
anthropogenic.
Economic,
environmental,
social
benefits,
including
ecosystem
services,
come
from
restoring
degraded
land
exploiting
marginal
land.
Most
physiochemical
remedies
for
damaged
difficult,
costly,
time-consuming.
Nano-remediation
nano-restoration
novel,
efficient,
cost-effective,
eco-friendly,
dependable
toxin
remediation
risk
reduction.
high
surface
area/volume
ratio,
increased
reactivity,
customizable
physical
qualities,
adaptability
of
nanoscale
entities
make
them
attractive
soil
remediation.
Different
nanomaterials
(NMs)
nanotools
can
clean
up
pollutants.
Both
foreign
chemicals
polluted
location
affect
these
methods.
Decontaminating
contaminants
with
reduces
their
detrimental
effects
on
humans,
plants,
animals.
It
also
discusses
nanoparticles
(NPs)
ex-
in-situ
cleanup.
authors
discuss
item
uses
in
restoration
this
chapter.
The
ecological
risks
of
biochar-derived
dissolved
organic
matter
(DOM)
to
soil
invertebrates
at
different
organismal
levels
remains
limited.
This
study
comprehensively
explored
the
DOM
on
earthworm
gut
through
assessments
enzyme
activity
response,
histopathology,
microbiomes,
and
metabolomics.
Results
demonstrated
that
disturbed
digestive
enzymes
in
earthworm,
especially
for
10%
DOM300
groups.
integrated
biomarker
response
v2
(IBRv2)
indicated
perturbation
induced
by
was
both
time-dependent
dose-dependent.
Pathological
observations
revealed
damaged
intestinal
epithelium
lumen
earthworms.
Analysis
16S
rRNA
from
microbiota
showed
a
significant
decrease
genera
(Verminephrobacter,
Bacillus,
Microbacteriaceae)
associated
with
inflammation,
disease,
detoxification
processes.
PICRUSt
predictions
stress
responses
metabolism-related
genes
(encoded
glutathione
transferase,
long-chain
fatty
acid-CoA
ligases,
monosaccharide-transport
ATPase)
treatments.
Furthermore,
caused
abnormality
metabolites,
such
as
glutamate,
fumaric
acid,
pyruvate,
citric
which
were
involved
energy
metabolism,
These
findings
contributed
improve
our
understanding
toxic
mechanism
biochar
multiple
perspectives.
