Chemical Characteristics, Source Apportionment, and Potential Impacts of PM2.5 Emitted from Ship Exhausts at an Asian Industrial Seaport on Urban Air Quality

IntechOpen eBooks, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 22, 2025

The chemical characteristics, spatiotemporal variation, and source apportionment of PM2.5 emitted from ship exhausts in Kaohsiung Harbor its impact on Metro are investigated. highest concentrations were observed winter, followed by fall, spring, summer, primarily driven poor dispersion conditions during the Northeastern Monsoon. Chemical analysis revealed that is dominated water-soluble ions (WSIs), particularly secondary inorganic aerosols (SIAs). Crustal elements such as Mg, Al, Ca dominate metallic content PM2.5, while elevated V/Ni ratios highlighted contribution emissions, summer. Ship emissions including main auxiliary engines played a crucial role levels. Main contributed 2.9–5.3% Kaohsiung, shorter navigation periods, whereas 3.8–8.3% longer berthing periods. disparity between engine contributions reflects their operational differences, with producing sustained exacerbate urban air quality impacts. was closely correlated harbor indicating strong port-urban interactions. Higher SO42− areas linked to industrial mobile sources influenced PM2.5. Secondary organic (SOAs) long-range transport local photochemical reactions further contribute worsened high atmospheric stability low mixing layer heights. Sea breezes harbor-originated toward inland, summer amplifying maritime through solar radiation thermal convection, leading intensified degradation.

Language: Английский

Trends of anthropogenic sources in a Southeastern Mediterranean coastal site over five years

Atmospheric Environment, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 355, P. 121279 - 121279

Published: May 6, 2025

Language: Английский

Chemical Characteristics of Stack Particulate Matter Emitted from Sintering Process of an Integrated Steel Mill and Resolution of Source Contributors on Boundary PM2.5

Aerosol and Air Quality Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 25(6)

Published: May 20, 2025

Abstract Background This study investigated the chemical characteristics of PM 2.5 emitted from sintering process an integrated steel mill and assesses contribution emission sources to boundary . Methods samples were simultaneously collected three stacks two sites located at upstream (Site N) downstream S) mill. The compositions , including water-soluble ions (WSIs), metallic elements, carbonaceous matter, anhydrosugars, organic acids, further analyzed. mass balance (CMB) receptor model was then employed identify quantify their contributions. Results Discussion Stack emissions revealed that dominant anions (SO 4 2− NO 3 − Cl ) cations (Na + NH Ca 2+ similar across TPM, FPM, CPM fractions. Fe, Al, most abundant metals, while carbon (OC) dominated content, primarily coke oven gas solid fuel combustion. At sites, concentrations generally higher Site S, especially in fall winter, due fugitive dust raw material handling heavy-duty truck activities. Seasonal variation followed order: winter > spring summer. Dominant WSIs included SO Na key metals Ca, Mg, Zn. OC/EC ratios ranged 1.49–1.88 slightly N. Source apportionment showed contributed 28.3% 36.6% Sites N respectively, with being largest contributor (3.37% 12.4% S). Conclusions significantly influenced composition air quality, downwind site. findings highlighted importance control measures targeting operations mitigate pollution. Graphical abstract

Language: Английский