Toxicity of airborne nanoparticles: Facts and challenges
Environment International,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
190, P. 108889 - 108889
Published: July 18, 2024
Air
pollution
is
one
of
the
most
severe
environmental
health
hazards,
and
airborne
nanoparticles
(diameter
<100
nm)
are
considered
particularly
hazardous
to
human
health.
They
produced
by
various
sources
such
as
internal
combustion
engines,
wood
biomass
burning,
fuel
natural
gas
combustion,
their
origin,
among
other
parameters,
determines
intrinsic
toxicity
for
reasons
that
not
yet
fully
understood.
Many
constituents
toxic
or
at
least
hazardous,
including
polycyclic
aromatic
hydrocarbons
(PAHs)
heavy
metal
compounds,
in
addition
gaseous
pollutants
present
aerosol
fraction,
NOx,
SO2,
ozone.
All
these
compounds
can
cause
oxidative
stress,
mitochondrial
damage,
inflammation
lungs
tissues,
cellular
organelles.
Epidemiological
investigations
concluded
may
affect
respiratory,
cardiovascular,
nervous
systems.
Moreover,
particulate
matter
has
been
linked
an
increased
risk
lung
cancer,
a
carcinogenic
effect
related
DNA
but
inflammatory
response
pollutants,
which
release
cytokines
promotes
proliferation
pre-existing
mutated
cancer
cells.
The
mechanisms
behind
be
investigated
experimentally
using
cell
cultures
animal
models.
Methods
gathering
have
explored,
standardized
protocols
needed
ensure
samples
accurately
represent
chemical
mixtures
environment.
Toxic
studied
models,
designing
realistic
exposure
settings
challenging.
air–liquid
interface
(ALI)
system
directly
exposes
cells,
mimicking
particle
inhalation
into
lungs.
Continuous
research
monitoring
essential
understanding
effects
developing
active
strategies
mitigate
risks
Language: Английский
Protective effects of resveratrol on the expression of catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase genes in the ovary and their activity in the serum of rats exposed to lead acetate: An experimental study
International Journal of Reproductive BioMedicine (IJRM),
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
22(11)
Published: Jan. 1, 2025
Lead
(Pb)
could
be
toxic
to
the
female
reproductive
system,
and
resveratrol
(Res)
may
overcome
this
toxicity.
To
investigate
Res
impact
on
catalase
(Cat),
glutathione
peroxidase
(Gpx),
superoxide
dismutase
(Sod)
gene
expression
in
ovary
Cat
Gpx
enzyme
activity
serum
of
rats
exposed
lead
acetate.
In
experimental
study,
33
Wistar
(8-10
wk,
180-200
gr)
were
divided
into
6
groups:
a
control
group
(normal
saline),
(40
mg/kg),
Pb
(lead
acetate
30
mg/kg).
3
additional
groups
received
(30
mg/kg)
with
at
20,
40,
80
mg/kg
for
21
days.
Gene
Cat,
Gpx,
Sod
was
measured
via
qPCR,
assessed
using
standard
methods.
Bioinformatics
tools
used
evaluate
effects
protein
function.
significantly
downregulates
expression,
but
upregulates
especially
doses
40
20
Sod.
increased
decreased
group,
respectively.
However,
all
only
activity.
analysis
indicates
that
can
interact
promoter
regions
cavities
enzymes.
dysregulate
studied
is
influenced
by
dose,
frequently
being
most
effective.
Language: Английский