For better or worse? Subjective expectations and cost-benefit trade-offs in health behavior DOI Open Access
Gabriella Conti, Pamela Giustinelli

Published: May 16, 2023

We provide a framework to disentangle the role of preferences and beliefs in health behavior, we apply it compliance behavior during acute phase COVID-19 pandemic.Using rich data on subjective expectations collected spring 2020 lockdown UK, estimate simple model with uncertain costs benefits, which employ quantify utility trade-offs underlying compliance, decompose group differences plans, compute monetary compensation required for people comply.We find that, average, individuals assign largest disutility passing away from being caught transgressing, preserving their mental health.But also document substantial heterogeneity and/or by vulnerability status, gender, other individual characteristics.In our data, both matter explaining gender whereas status are mainly driven preferences.We investigate relationship between own others' compliance.When others fail comply trust breaks down, respond heterogeneously depending circumstances characteristics.When around them less, those higher risk tolerance without prior experience plan less themselves, while vulnerables more.When high-level public figure breaches rules, supporters opposing political party less.These findings emphasize need policies account heterogenous beliefs, preferences, responses citizens' behaviors.

Language: Английский

Using Social and Behavioral Science to Support COVID-19 Pandemic Response DOI
Veronica Cucchiarini, Pete Lunn, Deirdre A. Robertson

et al.

Springer eBooks, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 41

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

31
Comparative study of Chest Radiographs and Detection of The Covid 19 Virus Using Machine Learning Algorithm DOI Creative Commons

Shaimaa Q. Sabri,

Jahwar Y. Arif,

Ghada A. Taqa

et al.

Mesopotamian Journal of Computer Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 2024, P. 34 - 43

Published: March 11, 2024

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) outbreak that is causing disease 2019 being deemed a pandemic because of its quick spread around the globe. Because chest X-ray pictures have shown to be beneficial in monitoring variety lung disorders, they recently been utilized monitor COVID-19 disease. It takes time manually analyze lot pictures. Several previous studies suggested machine-learning (ML)-based techniques for detection from as solution this issue. Though little effort has made use traditional machine learning (ML) methods, majority these investigations deep (DL) based techniques. Conventional ML-based algorithms will favored implementation if can yield identical outcomes DL-based methods. In effort, we constructed four classic models identification, driven by need close gap literature. accuracy rates various classification were follows, according results: 93.4% Support Vector Machine (SVM), 93.3% Random Forest (RF), 90.5% K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), and 87.9% Decision Tree (DT). results study showed learning-based produce great identification refined improved using several well-known data preparation approaches.

Language: Английский

Citations

6
Public Policy Measures to Increase Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination Rate in Russia DOI Open Access

D. V. Boguslavsky,

Н. П. Шарова, Konstantin S. Sharov

et al.

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 19(6), P. 3387 - 3387

Published: March 13, 2022

The total vaccination rate remains relatively low in Russia as of March 2022 (around 55%, with around 20% some regions). In the paper, we study reasons for it. We communicate results our survey aimed at detecting anti-SARS-CoV-2 (47.1% mid-January 2022) and suggest potential measures to increase level confidence Russian campaign. A 14,310 users exhibited interest participate research (16.84% number invitations sent social network VKontakte). After sample set repair, only 5822 (40.68% those who agreed participate) responses were suitable research, they composed final set. age range respondents was 16-51 years old (y.o.) a mean 29.1 ± 10.6 y.o. proportion female gender 44.23%. 2454 persons (42.15%) expressed their hesitant, cautious, or negative attitude towards vaccine uptake. Of cautious vaccination, 928 (37.82%) concerned about quality vaccines. 1323 individuals (53.91%) supported one more conspiracy beliefs. 5064 (86.98% whole set) showed planned introduction nationwide system certification/verification based on QR codes. main factors that hinder campaign are: vexation over lack desire officials receive feedback from general population regarding wide support beliefs, controversy code-based digital system. To elevate Russia, following steps may be taken: encouragement transparency campaign, acceptance both paper certificates, participation society vaccination-related discussions, public disclosure composition, avoidance excessive digitalization data

Language: Английский

Citations

16
Dimensionality in the service quality perceptions of quarantine hotel guests DOI

Min Joo Leutwiler-Lee,

Seongseop Kim, Frank Badu‐Baiden

et al.

Tourism Management Perspectives, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 47, P. 101124 - 101124

Published: May 24, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

8
How could hospitality employees survive? The individual costs, career decisions and autonomy support of furlough strategies in a crisis DOI
Chen Zheng, Jialin Wu, Xinyuan Zhao

et al.

International Journal of Hospitality Management, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 106, P. 103279 - 103279

Published: July 11, 2022

Language: Английский

Citations

9
Perceived coercion, perceived pressures and procedural justice arising from global lockdowns during the COVID-19 pandemic: A scoping review DOI Creative Commons
Veronica Ranieri, Sunjeev K. Kamboj, Sarah Edwards

et al.

PLOS Global Public Health, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 3(3), P. e0001250 - e0001250

Published: March 16, 2023

This aim of this scoping review is to map what known about perceived coercion, pressures and procedural justice within the context general population’s experience ‘lockdowns’ imposed by governments worldwide in response increased transmission COVID-19. Arksey & O’Malley’s (2005) framework for conducting reviews was chosen. A sensitive search strategy devised conducted using PubMed, Scopus, Web Science following terms: (adherence OR acceptance agreement trust distrust compliance willing*) (perceived coerc* percept* pressure force influence control threat justice) AND (lockdown) (COVID SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19). The database initially produced 41,628 articles screen. total 40 were included five themes identified from studies: acceptability willingness adhere lockdown; during arising sanction others (in)justice lockdown. Our synthesis suggests that i) individuals experienced an initial tolerance lockdown lessened over time as perceptions personal decreased; ii) social influences may follow or break rules; iii) justifiability proportionality together with individuals’ harm COVID-19 impact extent which Furthermore, found absence information regarding specific individual characteristics circumstances increase likelihood experiencing coercion its related constructs highlights a need better understanding cultural socioeconomic factors affecting of, adherence to,

Language: Английский

Citations

5
Decision to self-isolate during the COVID-19 pandemic in the UK: a rapid scoping review DOI Creative Commons
Claire Keene,

Sophie Dickinson,

Reshania Naidoo

et al.

BMJ Open, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(3), P. e084437 - e084437

Published: March 1, 2024

Objective Testing for COVID-19 was a key component of the UK’s response to pandemic. This strategy relied on positive individuals self-isolating reduce transmission, making isolation lynchpin in public health approach. Therefore, we scoped evidence systematically identify and categorise barriers facilitators compliance with self-isolation guidance during pandemic UK, inform strategies future pandemics. Design A rapid scoping review conducted. Search Key terms were used search literature databases (PubMed, Scopus WHO Research Database, 7 November 2022), Google Scholar stakeholder-identified manuscripts, ultimately including published English from UK-based studies conducted between 2020 2022. Data extraction synthesis extracted synthesised into themes, organised broadly capability, opportunity motivation, reviewed stakeholders UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA). Results We included 105 sources, 63 identified UKHSA their decision-making Influences decision comply categorised six themes: perceived ability isolate; information guidance; logistics; social influences, trust; value; consequences. Individuals continuously assessed these factors deciding whether or not self-isolate. Conclusions Decisions self-isolate after test influenced by multiple factors, individuals’ beliefs, concerns, priorities personal circumstances. Future testing must facilitate meaningful financial, practical mental support allow overcome actual negative consequences isolating. Clear, consistent communication purpose procedures isolating will also be critical guidance, should leverage people’s value protecting others. Building trust is essential, but requires investment before next starts.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Failure to morally self-regulate: deindividuation and moral disengagement from pro-environmental behavioural intentions across tourism and home contexts DOI Creative Commons
Jialin Wu, Xavier Font, Jingyan Liu

et al.

Current Issues in Tourism, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 20

Published: May 23, 2024

This study extends current research on cross-contextual inconsistencies in pro-environmental behaviour (PEB) intentions. We compare the mechanisms influencing PEB intentions tourism and post-visit home contexts. find that moral obligation, disengagement, perceived anonymity are consistently linked with both contexts, but public self-awareness has a substantial impact only during travel. While does not work relation to across strong disengagement previous contextual inconsistency of by elucidating which deindividuation (anonymity absence self-awareness) may limit through failure self-regulation. also contributes literature demonstrating how predictive effects components depend environment. Our findings will help practitioners policymakers devise effective, context-aware strategies promote sustainable behaviours.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Purchases of Fruit and Vegetables for at Home Consumption During COVID-19 in the UK: Trends and Determinants DOI Creative Commons
Cesar Revoredo‐Giha, Carlo Russo,

Edward Kyei Twum

et al.

Frontiers in Nutrition, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 9

Published: April 1, 2022

This paper addresses the issue of fruit and vegetable purchases in UK during COVID-19 pandemic. The study is motivated by importance vegetables for human nutrition, health reduction population obesity, especially where per capita consumption still below recommended levels. A rich panel dataset was used reporting actual shopping places quarterly expenditure at-home 12,492 households years 2019 2020. unique allowed us to compare before after outbreak identify main drivers changes purchases. Regression analysis found that increased ~3% less than what expected given overall increase numbers meals lockdown. Also, Online be an alternative source purchase However, processed products grew more one fresh products, resulting a relative share latter possible deterioration diet quality.

Language: Английский

Citations

4
An existential perspective on interpersonal closeness and social distancing during the COVID-19 pandemic DOI Creative Commons
Samuel Fairlamb, Emily P. Courtney

Psychology and Health, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 39(8), P. 1059 - 1076

Published: Oct. 3, 2022

The terror management health model proposes that COVID-19's association with death should increase a desire for closeness, which could undermine social distancing intentions. Alternatively, intentions may if it has become culturally valued. present research assessed these claims.

Language: Английский

Citations

3