Age-Specific Differences in Association Between Personality and Changes in Outing Behaviors During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Japan: Cross-Sectional Web-Based Questionnaire Survey (Preprint)

Online Journal of Public Health Informatics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: June 11, 2024

Language: Английский

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We are all in this together: Rurality, Social cohesion, and COVID‐19 prevention behaviors

The Journal of Rural Health, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 40(1), P. 154 - 161

Published: July 10, 2023

Abstract Background Social cohesion refers to an individual's sense of belonging their community and correlates with health outcomes. Rural communities tend have higher social than urban communities. is relatively understudied as a factor impacting COVID‐19 prevention behaviors. This study explores the associations between cohesion, rurality, Methods Participants completed questionnaire assessing rurality; (subscales (1) attraction neighborhood, (2) acts neighboring, (3) community); behaviors; demographics. Chi‐square tests were used characterize participant demographics Bivariate multivariable logistic regression models analyze relationship outcomes Results Most participants (n = 2,926) non‐Hispanic White (78.2%) married (60.4%); 36.9% rural. less likely practice distancing (78.7% vs 90.6%, P <.001) or stay home when sick (87.7% 93.5%, <.001). was more common among “attraction neighborhood” scores (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 2.09; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.26‐3.47) but “acts neighboring” (aOR 0.59; CI 0.40‐0.88). Staying also on 2.12; 1.15‐3.91), 0.53; 0.33‐0.86). Conclusions Efforts maximize behavioral prevention, particularly rural communities, should emphasize importance protecting one's neighbors how support without face‐to‐face interactions.

Language: Английский

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Trapped: Experiences of unpaid carers of clinically vulnerable people “shielding” during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic

Journal of Social Work, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(1), P. 73 - 92

Published: Sept. 27, 2023

Summary Unpaid carers were profoundly impacted by the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic and public health responses. In UK, in March 2020, people identified as clinically extremely vulnerable their household members advised to “shield” for an initial 12-week period, which meant minimizing all contacts from outside not leaving house at all, unless emergency. a modified form, shielding guidance remained place until August 2020 was reinstituted December April 1, 2021. This article, reporting on qualitative interviews with 47 unpaid Wales, thematically analyzed using coding framework, explores experiences of affected this wider implications social work future. Findings Participants our study described ways caring role expanded, due need provide additional practical emotional support loved ones who shielding, lost access other avenues support. Some also becoming more involved complex declining or self-care capacity person cared-for direct consequence restrictions. Alongside increase responsibilities, reported losing important own well-being. Applications We draw ecological systems theory highlight importance during care planning management exploring carer's mesosystem identify optimize sustaining forces, attending microsystem involving carer cared-for.

Language: Английский

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Social norm compliance and involvement with Covid-19

International Journal of Research in Business and Social Science (2147-4478), Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 11(5), P. 406 - 422

Published: June 29, 2022

Consumer decisions are influenced by various variables, including compliance with society’s social norms and involvement consumers the issue under consideration. Both variables have consumers’ actions during previous pandemics. Therefore, this study investigated Covid-19 pandemic, together norm (SNC), their mutual influence, how demographic characteristics country of residence these three issues. The methodology involved a quantitative descriptive cross-sectional survey, quota sample 1096 responses, based on age, gender, education, habitation, income. research was conducted populations representing who patronize major retailers in developed (Germany) developing one (South Africa). Data collected via questionnaires e-mailed to commercial consumer panels covering both countries. findings showed that is residence, but SNC not demographics does differ according country. Further were strongly influences and, similarly, also Covid-19. Furthermore demographics, excluding influence variables. However, relationship between two This has provided better understanding as components behavior, which important since, been instrumental implementing health protocols. SNC, they important.

Language: Английский

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Conspiracy beliefs, regulatory self-efficacy and compliance with COVID-19 health-related behaviors: The mediating role of moral disengagement

Current Research in Ecological and Social Psychology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 3, P. 100069 - 100069

Published: Jan. 1, 2022

Although recent studies on the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) have highlighted negative effects of moral disengagement intentions to comply with COVID-19 containment measures, little is known about mediating role in relationship between regulatory self-efficacy complying beliefs conspiracy theories and compliance health-related behaviors. Data were collected from 1164 young adults (women, N = 796; 68.4%; mean age 25.60 ± 4.40 years) who completed an online survey 15th May 22nd June 2021. Results multi-group path analyses indicated that higher associated lower behaviors, whereas measures Moral significantly mediated associations theories, self-efficacy, Finally, tested model was gender-invariant. Findings suggest public health authorities social care professionals should promote interventions aimed at improving emphasizing significance respecting or ignoring recommended (e.g., physical distance public), enhancing people's concern for potential harms their immoral actions.

Language: Английский

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For better or worse? Subjective expectations and cost-benefit trade-offs in health behavior-offs in health behaviour-offs in health behaviour

Published: May 16, 2023

We provide a framework to disentangle the role of preferences and beliefs in health behavior, we apply it compliance behavior during acute phase COVID-19 pandemic.Using rich data on subjective expectations collected spring 2020 lockdown UK, estimate simple model with uncertain costs benefits, which employ quantify utility trade-offs underlying compliance, decompose group differences plans, compute monetary compensation required for people comply.We find that, average, individuals assign largest disutility passing away from being caught transgressing, preserving their mental health.But also document substantial heterogeneity and/or by vulnerability status, gender, other individual characteristics.In our data, both matter explaining gender whereas status are mainly driven preferences.We investigate relationship between own others' compliance.When others fail comply trust breaks down, respond heterogeneously depending circumstances characteristics.When around them less, those higher risk tolerance without prior experience plan less themselves, while vulnerables more.When high-level public figure breaches rules, supporters opposing political party less.These findings emphasize need policies account heterogenous beliefs, preferences, responses citizens' behaviors.

Language: Английский

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For Better or Worse? Subjective Expectations and Cost-Benefit Trade-Offs in Health Behavior

medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 18, 2023

Abstract We provide a framework to disentangle the role of preferences and beliefs in health behavior, we apply it compliance behavior during acute phase COVID-19 pandemic. Using rich data on subjective expectations collected spring 2020 lockdown UK, estimate simple model with uncertain costs benefits, which employ quantify utility trade-offs underlying compliance, decompose group differences plans, compute monetary compensation required for people comply. find that, average, individuals assign largest disutility passing away from being caught transgressing, preserving their mental health. But also document substantial heterogeneity and/or by vulnerability status, gender, other individual characteristics. In our data, both matter explaining gender whereas status are mainly driven preferences. investigate relationship between own others’ compliance. When others fail comply trust breaks down, respond heterogeneously depending circumstances around them less, those higher risk tolerance without prior experience plan less themselves, while vulnerables more. high-level public figure breaches rules, supporters opposing political party less. These findings emphasize need policies account heterogenous beliefs, preferences, responses citizens’ behaviors. JEL Codes : C25, C83, D84, I12, I18.

Language: Английский

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Beliefs and preferences as predictors of prophylactic adherence and lockdown compliance in South Africa

Development Southern Africa, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 41(1), P. 91 - 109

Published: Sept. 5, 2023

ABSTRACTMuch of the research on behavioural preferences as predictors compliance with regulations aimed at reducing transmission COVID-19 has focused developed countries, very little consideration African countries. We conduct an online survey (n = 1503) considering beliefs, and individual social prophylactic measures lockdown in South Africa. use incentivized experimental (risk time) (cooperativeness altruism). also consider risk tolerance, patience trust. find that beliefs about others’ behaviour are highly predictive reported behaviour. greater cooperativeness high regulations. Encouragingly, respondents report higher levels, suggesting responsiveness to level infection.KEYWORDS: COVID-19individual preferenceselicited preferencesstated preferencesSouth AfricaJEL CLASSIFICATION: C90D90I18 AcknowledgementsWe gratefully acknowledge funding from Science for Africa Foundation its partners (grant number SARSCov2-2-20-004) excellent assistance Fadzayi Chingwere.Ethical clearanceEthical clearance was obtained University Pretoria Economic Management Sciences Ethics Committee: EMS104/20.Notes1 Since internet access is limited rural areas Africa, sample means most would be urban parts country.2 Details Africa’s system can accessed https://www.gov.za/covid-19/about/about-alert-system.3 1% chose not indicate race, 7% household income. Census 2011 data reports gender splits 51% Female 49% Male; race 79% Black, 9% Coloured, 2% Indian/Asian 10% White. Household income details Labour Force Survey (2017) adjusted inflation suggest 25% households have below ZAR 2,000 (approximately USD 150 time collection) per month; while above 8,900 month.4 Almost 50% probability mass upper limit this question. therefore Tobit measure our results. As a robustness check, we ran Ordered Logit regressions measure, similar These results available corresponding author request.5 For Social Preferences component, factor loadings are: Risk 0.55; Altruism, 0.53, Cooperativeness, 0.63.6 Patience Present bias, 0.71; Patience, 0.70.7 continuous tolerance (where amount invested risky option captured scale 1 11). The do change those Table 5.Additional informationFundingThis work supported by Academy Sciences: [Grant Number SARSCov2-2-20-004].

Language: Английский

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For better or worse? Subjective expectations and cost-benefit trade-offs in health behavior

Published: May 16, 2023

We provide a framework to disentangle the role of preferences and beliefs in health behavior, we apply it compliance behavior during acute phase COVID-19 pandemic.Using rich data on subjective expectations collected spring 2020 lockdown UK, estimate simple model with uncertain costs benefits, which employ quantify utility trade-offs underlying compliance, decompose group differences plans, compute monetary compensation required for people comply.We find that, average, individuals assign largest disutility passing away from being caught transgressing, preserving their mental health.But also document substantial heterogeneity and/or by vulnerability status, gender, other individual characteristics.In our data, both matter explaining gender whereas status are mainly driven preferences.We investigate relationship between own others' compliance.When others fail comply trust breaks down, respond heterogeneously depending circumstances characteristics.When around them less, those higher risk tolerance without prior experience plan less themselves, while vulnerables more.When high-level public figure breaches rules, supporters opposing political party less.These findings emphasize need policies account heterogenous beliefs, preferences, responses citizens' behaviors.

Language: Английский

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