Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
291, P. 117609 - 117609
Published: Feb. 1, 2025
Groundwater
pollution,
particularly
in
retired
pesticide
sites,
is
a
significant
environmental
concern
due
to
the
presence
of
chlorinated
aliphatic
hydrocarbons
(CAHs)
and
benzene,
toluene,
ethylbenzene,
xylene
(BTEX).
These
contaminants
pose
serious
risks
ecosystems
human
health.
Natural
attenuation
(NA)
has
emerged
as
sustainable
solution,
with
microorganisms
playing
crucial
role
pollutant
biodegradation.
However,
interpretation
diverse
microbial
communities
relation
complex
pollutants
still
challenging,
there
limited
research
multi-polluted
groundwater.
Advanced
machine
learning
(ML)
algorithms
help
identify
key
indicators
for
different
pollution
types
(CAHs,
BTEX
plumes,
mixed
plumes).
The
accuracy
Area
Under
Curve
(AUC)
achieved
by
Support
Vector
Machines
(SVM)
were
impressive,
values
0.87
0.99,
respectively.
With
assistance
model
explanation
methods,
we
identified
bioindicators
which
then
analyzed
using
co-occurrence
network
analysis
better
understand
their
potential
roles
degradation.
genera
indicate
that
oxidation
co-metabolism
predominantly
drive
dechlorination
processes
within
CAHs
group.
In
group,
primary
mechanism
degradation
was
observed
be
anaerobic
under
sulfate-reducing
conditions.
CAHs&BTEX
groups,
indicative
suggested
occurred
iron-reducing
conditions
reductive
existed.
Overall,
this
study
establishes
framework
harnessing
power
ML
alongside
based
on
microbiome
data
enhance
understanding
provide
robust
assessment
natural
process
at
sites.
Chemosphere,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
361, P. 142490 - 142490
Published: May 29, 2024
Aromatic
hydrocarbons
like
benzene,
toluene,
xylene,
and
ethylbenzene
(BTEX)
can
escape
into
the
environment
from
oil
gas
operations
manufacturing
industries
posing
significant
health
risks
to
humans
wildlife.
Unlike
conventional
clean-up
methods
used,
biological
approaches
such
as
bioremediation
provide
a
more
energy
labour-efficient
environmentally
friendly
option
for
sensitive
areas
nature
reserves
cities,
protecting
biodiversity
public
health.
BTEX
contamination
is
often
concentrated
in
subsurface
of
these
locations
where
oxygen
rapidly
depleted,
biodegradation
relies
on
anaerobic
processes.
Thus,
it
critical
understand
characteristics
has
not
been
explored
major
extent.
This
review
presents
novel
insights
degradation
mechanisms
under
conditions
detailed
description
interconnection
between
them.
follow
four
activation
mechanisms:
hydroxylation,
carboxylation,
methylation,
fumarate
addition.
Hydroxylation
one
that
explains
transformation
benzene
phenol,
toluene
benzyl
alcohol
or
p-cresol,
1-phenylethanol.
Carboxylation
benzoate
thought
be
primary
mechanism
benzene.
Despite
being
poorly
understood,
methylation
also
reported.
Moreover,
addition
most
widely
reported
mechanism,
present
ethylbenzene,
xylene
degradation.
Further
research
efforts
are
required
better
elucidate
new
current
alternative
catabolic
pathways.
Likewise,
comprehensive
analysis
enzymes
involved
well
development
advance
tools
omic
reveal
bottlenecks
steps
create
effective
on-site
strategies
address
pollution.
npj Biofilms and Microbiomes,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
11(1)
Published: Jan. 6, 2025
Mangrove
ecosystems
are
globally
recognized
for
their
blue
carbon
(C)
sequestration
capacity.
Lignocellulosic
detritus
constitutes
the
primary
C
input
to
mangrove
sediments,
but
microbial
processes
involved
in
its
bioprocessing
remain
unclear.
Using
lignocellulosic
analysis
and
metagenomic
sequencing
across
five
100-cm
sediment
cores,
we
found
a
high
proportion
of
lignin
(95.0–97.7%)
within
sediments'
detritus,
with
small
fraction
lignin-degrading
genes
(1.24–1.98%)
carbohydrate-active
enzyme
coding
genes.
Depth
stratification
was
observed
communities
depolymerization
mineralization
monomer
derivatives.
Further
microbe-centered
analyses
biomass
production
rates
adaptive
metabolism
revealed
diminished
use
efficiency
potential
augmented
"enzyme
latch"
increasing
depths.
These
findings
enhance
our
understanding
sedimentary
organic
cycling
storage
coastal
ecosystems.
